Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
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Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
3,334 results · Feed
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High 7.3CVE-2026-100885 Public exploit
Krayin laravel-crm admin-config-setup API Endpoint CanInstall.php authorization
A vulnerability was found in Krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2.4. This affects an unknown function of the file packages/Webkul/Installer/src/Http/Middleware/CanInstall.php of the component admin-config-setup API Endpoint. The manipulation results in authorization …
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Critical 9.6
obot before v0.21.1 Authorization Bypass via /mcp-connect
obot versions before v0.21.1 fail to enforce Access Control Rules on the /mcp-connect endpoint, allowing any authenticated user to connect to restricted MCP servers if they possess the server ID. Attackers can bypass authorization checks to access and manipul…
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Medium 6.3
zhistaredu StarTraining authRole Endpoint SysUser.java SysUser.isAdmin authorization
A vulnerability was identified in zhistaredu StarTraining up to 3.8.1. Affected by this issue is the function SysUser.isAdmin of the file edu-common/src/main/java/com/edu/common/core/domain/entity/SysUser.java of the component authRole Endpoint. The manipulat…
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Medium 4.3
KitchenOwl through 0.7.10 IDOR via unchecked category ID
KitchenOwl through 0.7.10 fails to verify that category IDs belong to the caller's household in expense and item operations. Authenticated attackers can enumerate category IDs from other households to read their category names, budgets, and colors, breaking h…
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Medium 5.3
Mailchimp for WooCommerce < 6.3 - Unauthenticated Customer Email and Cart Disclosure via IDOR
The Mailchimp for WooCommerce WordPress plugin before 6.3 does not require authentication or verify ownership before loading a saved cart from a request-supplied identifier that is derived from a customer's email address, allowing an unauthenticated attacker …
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Low 3.8
Bookly < 28.3 - Staff+ Appointment and Payment Disclosure, Modification and Deletion via IDOR
The Online Scheduling and Appointment Booking System WordPress plugin before 28.3 does not verify that appointment and payment records requested through its staff-role AJAX actions belong to the requesting staff member, allowing authenticated attackers with a…
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Medium 6.3
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in Kibana Leading to Unauthorized Disclosure, Modification, and Deletion of Data
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) in Kibana can lead to unauthorized disclosure, modification, and deletion of data via Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs (CAPEC-1). An authenticated user granted the Timeline fea…
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Medium 4.3
capgo through 12.128.2 IDOR via PUT /app icon endpoint
capgo through 12.128.2 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability in the PUT /app/:appId endpoint that accepts attacker-controlled icon storage paths. Authenticated users can supply arbitrary paths in the private images bucket and obtain servi…
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Medium 6.5
Budibase server before 3.45.0 Cross-Tenant Information Disclosure
Budibase server before 3.45.0 contains a cross-tenant information disclosure vulnerability in the GET /api/applications/:appId/appPackage endpoint that allows authenticated users to read another tenant's application metadata and source code. Attackers can sup…
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High 8.8
stoatchat before 0.15.5 MFA Bypass via Cross-Account Ticket
stoatchat before 0.15.5 fails to validate that MFA tickets belong to the authenticated user, allowing attackers to bypass MFA by using their own valid ticket with another user's session token. Attackers can obtain a ticket from their own account and use it wi…
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High 8.8
Grav CMS 2.0.14 through 2.0.24 Privilege Escalation via Blueprint Guard Bypass
Grav CMS 2.0.14 through 2.0.24 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability in the group and account blueprints. The access map is gated by a `security@: admin.super` guard that is resolved by the field's exact path, so a submitted flat dot-notation key such…
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High 8.1
Capgo bundle promotion API channel RBAC deny override bypass
Capgo (Cap-go/capgo.app) server backend Supabase functions contain an incorrect authorization flaw in the API-key bundle promotion path. The PUT /bundle endpoint, available to "all" and "write" API keys, dispatches to setChannel, which authorizes with checkPe…
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High 8.5
Capgo App Icon Update Privilege Escalation via Service-Role Worker
Capgo (capgo.app) is affected by an authorization flaw in the app icon update path. The PUT /app/:id endpoint accepts a user-controlled `icon` value, normalizes it, and stores it in public.apps.icon_url without verifying that the image path belongs to the tar…
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High 8.8
Capgo before 12.244.1 Cross-Tenant Image Overwrite via Metadata Worker
Capgo before 12.244.1 contains a cross-tenant integrity vulnerability in the metadata-cleaning worker that trusts image object keys from mutable database rows without validating ownership. An authenticated attacker can place a victim tenant's image key in a r…
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High 7.2
Capgo SSO Provider ID Authentication Bypass via Incomplete Migration
Capgo (capgo.app) through version 12.261.0 contains an incomplete access-control fix for the public.sso_providers table. Migration 20260826100000_sso_providers_block_direct_active_insert.sql installs a BEFORE UPDATE guard (enforce_sso_provider_client_update_g…
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High 7.5
Flowise through 3.1.4 Missing Authorization via upsert-history
Flowise through 3.1.4 exposes GET /api/v1/upsert-history/:id and PATCH /api/v1/upsert-history without route-level permission checks, and the backing service performs no workspace or ownership validation. getAllUpsertHistory() returns UpsertHistory rows select…
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Medium 6.8
Flowise through 3.1.4 Insecure Direct Object Reference via Credential
Flowise (npm packages `flowise` and `flowise-components`) through 3.1.4 looks up credentials by ID without filtering on the requesting user's workspace (findOneBy({ id: credentialId }) with no workspaceId condition) in several code paths: getAllOpenaiAssistan…
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High 7.6
OpenClaw before 2026.7.1 Authentication Bypass via Spoofed Requester
OpenClaw (npm package 'openclaw') before 2026.7.1 incorrectly trusts requester provenance in message.action. In identity-bearing Gateway deployments (authentication modes that honor caller identity and narrower operator scopes), a write-scoped caller can supp…
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Low 3.1
OpenClaw before 2026.8.1 Session Cancellation Authorization Bypass
OpenClaw versions before 2026.8.1 contain an authorization bypass vulnerability in webhook TaskFlow cancellation that allows attackers to cancel unrelated sessions. An attacker with a webhook route secret can supply an arbitrary child session key to cancel AC…
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Medium 6.5
openclaw Slack before 2026.8.1 Authorization Bypass
The @openclaw/slack npm package before 2026.8.1 contains an authorization flaw in its Slack download-file handler: when a file lacks the share metadata used to prove it belongs to the requested conversation, the conversation-authorization check fails open. An…
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High 7.1
GLPI: Arbitrary Document Read via Form Context Authorization Bypass
GLPI is a free asset and IT management software package. From 11.0.5 until 11.0.8, under certain conditions, permission logic can grant access to a document without confirming that the document is linked to the targeted item. A user can use an unrelated item …
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Low 2.3
Zammad: Authenticated agents can read AI summary error messages from inaccessible tickets
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, an authenticated user with agent permissions can supply an arbitrary AI analytics run identifier to the ticket summarize endpoint and receive the AI provider error message sto…
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High 7.1
Zammad: IDOR in External Data Source rendering exposes ticket, user, group, and organization data
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, zammad's External Data Source feature, used to look up records from an external system, did not properly verify whether a user was allowed to see a specific ticket, user, grou…
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Medium 5.3
Zammad: Missing Authorization in TagsController#list Allows Cross-Object Tag Enumeration
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, any authenticated user can call the REST endpoint for getting a tag list and receive the tag names for the given ticket, regardless of whether they have access to that ticket.…
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Medium 5.1
Zammad: Channel admins can read unauthorized attachments via signature rich-text body
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, when creating or updating an email signature, Zammad processes inline images referenced in the signature body. If a signature body contains an HTML img tag pointing to any exi…
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High 7.2
X-SpringBoot through 6.0 Authorization Bypass via User Management
X-SpringBoot through 6.0 lacks object-level authorization in user management endpoints, allowing sub-administrators to modify or delete users without ownership verification. Attackers with user-management permissions can reset passwords for any account includ…
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Medium 5.3
Zammad: Cross-User Taskbar Item Access Control Vulnerability
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.0.2, a broken access control vulnerability exists in Zammad's GraphQL API. An authenticated user can access taskbar item data belonging to another user by crafting a request with t…
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Medium 5.4
Bludit CMS 3.22.0 Authorization Bypass via list-images/delete-image AJAX Endpoints
Bludit CMS through 3.22.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated users with the Author role to enumerate and delete media files belonging to pages owned by other users, including administrators, by supplying arbitrary uuid pa…
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High 7.1
Zammad: Incorrect implementation of permission checks in the knowledge base module
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.0.2, summary An issue with permission checks in the knowledge base management area has been identified. Under certain conditions, data validation for linked items was not fully enf…
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Medium 6.5
InvoicePlane IDOR: Horizontal Privilege Escalation via Password Change Without Authorization Check
InvoicePlane is a self-hosted open source application for managing invoices, clients, and payments. Prior to 1.7.2, InvoicePlane's Users::change_password() method accepts a user_id from the URL and updates that account's password without an object-level autho…
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Medium 6.3
Ail Framework Crawler: Missing Cookiejar Authorization Check Allows Cross-Organization Cookiejar Attachment
The AIL Framework crawler task creation API (api_add_crawler_task) contained an insufficient authorization check when a user supplied a cookiejar UUID to attach to a one-shot or scheduled crawler task. The original code only verified that the cookiejar existe…
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High 8.4
Broken authorization in Akia keyless entry lets an authenticated guest unlock other rooms
Insecure Direct Object Reference / missing object-level authorization in the Akia keyless entry cloud service. The unlock action is relying on a client-supplied room/door identifier that is not properly authorized server-side against the authenticated guest's…
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Medium 5.3
Bookly < 28.3 - Unauthenticated Customer PII Update via Verification Bypass
The Bookly WordPress plugin before 28.3 does not properly verify a customer's identity before updating their stored details, allowing unauthenticated attackers who know a customer's primary identifier to overwrite that customer's stored personal information s…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-93399 Public exploit
Online Scheduling and Appointment Booking System <= 28.2 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Arbitrary Booking Token Disclosure and Deletion via 'order_id' Parameter
The Bookly plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 28.2 via the 'bookly_get_form_id', 'bookly_render_complete', 'bookly_add_to_calendar' and 'bookly_rollback_order' AJAX actions. This is due to …
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Low 2.7
Sanluan PublicCMS exportExcel/exportData SysUserAdminController.java CmsContentAdminController authorization
A weakness has been identified in Sanluan PublicCMS up to 6.202506.e. This vulnerability affects the function CmsContentAdminController of the file publiccms-parent/publiccms-core/src/main/java/com/publiccms/controller/admin/sys/SysUserAdminController.java of…
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Medium 5.3
ningzichun student-management-system editLog.php authorization
A security vulnerability has been detected in ningzichun student-management-system up to 98760f5711cf6dc8b4adca53a9e207ca49b02ebf. This impacts an unknown function of the file user/editLog.php. Such manipulation of the argument sid/addtime/type/reason/detail/…
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High 7.3
ningzichun student-management-system getStudent.php authorization
A weakness has been identified in ningzichun student-management-system up to 98760f5711cf6dc8b4adca53a9e207ca49b02ebf. This affects an unknown function of the file admin/fun/getStudent.php. This manipulation of the argument sid causes authorization bypass. Th…
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Medium 6.5
Apache Airflow HashiCorp provider: HashiCorp Vault secrets backend: team-scope guard bypass via user-controlled key
Apache Airflow HashiCorp provider: the HashiCorp Vault secrets backend's team-scope guard can be bypassed with a user-controlled key. In a multi-team deployment, a Dag author scoped to one team can supply a Variable key containing a path separator that causes…
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Medium 6.3
chillzhuang SpringBlade user-auth-info Endpoint UserServiceImpl.java UserServiceImpl.userInfo authorization
A weakness has been identified in chillzhuang SpringBlade up to 5.0.2. This affects the function UserServiceImpl.userInfo of the file blade-service/blade-system/src/main/java/org/springblade/system/service/impl/UserServiceImpl.java of the component user-auth-…
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Medium 4.3
Docmost: Page export can include restricted same-space attachments through forged attachmentId
Docmost is open-source collaborative wiki and documentation software. From 0.70.0 until 0.80.1, a low-privileged authenticated user who can edit an exportable page can embed a forged attachmentId that belongs to a restricted page in the same space. Exporting …