Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
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System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
818 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.8
A vulnerability in lack of validation of user-supplied parameters pass to XML-RPC calls on SonicWall Global Management …
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Critical 9.8
Command Injection in whereis
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Critical 9.8
Command Injection in pdfinfojs
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Critical 9.8
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The printDirect function in lib/printer.js in the node-printer module 0.0.1 and earlier for Node.js allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via unspecified characters in the lpr command.
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Critical 9.8
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KEV Mar 25, 2022 -
Critical 9.8
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Critical 9.8
Remote code execution in PHPMailer
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Critical 9.8
zend-mail remote code execution via Sendmail adapter
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Critical 9.8
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KEV Jul 7, 2025 -
Critical 9.8
Swift Mailer mail transport Command Injection
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Critical 9.8
Git-fastclone passes user modifiable strings directly to a shell command
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Critical 10.0
colorscore Command Injection vulnerability
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Critical —
dns-sync command injection vulnerability
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Critical 10.0
Schneider Electric ProClima Command Injection
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Critical 9.8
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Critical 9.8
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KEV Apr 15, 2022 -
Critical 9.8
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