Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
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System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
818 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.1
D-Link DNS-340L/DNS-345 Virtual Volume virtual_vol.cgi os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DNS-340L and DNS-345 1.01B04/1.03B06/1.04.B02/1.05b04. This impacts an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/virtual_vol.cgi of the component Virtual Volume Handler. The manipulation of the argument f_share…
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Critical 9.9
Comfast CF-N1-S mbox-config system command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Comfast CF-N1-S 2.6.0.1. Affected by this issue is the function system of the file /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET§ion=ntp_timezone. The manipulation of the argument timestr results in command injection. The attack c…
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Critical 9.1
COMFAST CF-N1-S CGI mbox-config sub_44B438 os command injection
A flaw has been found in COMFAST CF-N1-S 2.6.0.1. This impacts the function sub_44B438 of the file /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET§ion=ptest_ssid of the component CGI Interface. This manipulation of the argument ssid causes os command injection. Remote ex…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda CH7 ATE Module Kylin HandleCmd command injection
A weakness has been identified in Tenda CH7, CH7G, CH10, CP3, CP3 Pro, CP7, TC3B14C, TC3B15C, TC3T14C and TC3T15C up to 20260625. This impacts the function CAte::HandleCmd of the file Kylin of the component ATE Module. This manipulation causes command injecti…
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Critical 9.3
Firecrawl: Arbitrary file read via JSON Schema $ref expansion
Firecrawl turns entire websites into LLM-ready markdown or structured data. Prior to 2.11.32, a critical arbitrary file read vulnerability exists in Firecrawl's extraction functionality due to unsafe schema dereferencing of user-supplied JSON schemas in apps/…
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Critical 9.9
Dokploy: Authenticated OS command injection in backup.restoreBackupWithLogs (databaseName) leading to host RCE
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). Prior to 0.29.13, the backup.restoreBackupWithLogs tRPC subscription passes the databaseName parameter to restore builders in packages/server/src/utils/restore/utils.ts, where PostgreSQL, MariaDB,…
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Critical 9.9
Dokploy: OS Command Injection in registry credential testing and Swarm cluster management → HOST RCE
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). Prior to 0.29.13, Dokploy passes user-controlled values directly into shell commands via unquoted template literal interpolation in the registry credential testing and Docker Swarm cluster managem…
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Critical 9.9
Dokploy: Command injection in writeTraefikConfigRemote via shell interpolation of unescaped YAML in SSH remote execution
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). Prior to 0.29.13, writeTraefikConfigRemote in packages/server/src/utils/traefik/application.ts serializes user-controlled Traefik configuration with yaml.stringify and interpolates the resulting y…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-28672 Public exploit
Apache Ranger: OS Command Injection via Username in UnixUserGroupBuilder
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') vulnerability in Apache Ranger. This issue affects Apache Ranger: from 0.6 through 2.8.
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Critical 9.8
Shenzhen Aitemi M300 Wi-Fi Repeater protocol.csp sprintf command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Shenzhen Aitemi M300 Wi-Fi Repeater r0-ea7890a. Impacted is the function sprintf of the file /protocol.csp?fname=net&opt=smacfilter_conf&function=set&act=add&name=test&enable=1. Performing a manipulation of the argument …
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Critical 9.8
GL.iNet GL-MT3000 nas-web RPC Wrapper glc nas-web.add_user command injection
A vulnerability was detected in GL.iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. The affected element is the function nas-web.add_user of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component nas-web RPC Wrapper. Performing a manipulation results in command injection. The attack can be initi…
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Critical 9.8
H3C Magic BE18000 V200R007, H3C NX400 V100R015, H3C Magic NX30 Pro V100R0011, H3C Magic R3010 V100R009, H3C Magic NX15 …
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Critical 9.8
GL.iNet GL-MT3000 modem.so glc set_upgrade command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in GL.iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. Impacted is the function set_upgrade of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component modem.so. Such manipulation leads to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. T…
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Critical 9.8
GL.iNet GL-MT3000 modem.so glc remove_profile command injection
A weakness has been identified in GL.iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. This issue affects the function remove_profile of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component modem.so. This manipulation causes command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The…
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Critical 9.8
GL-iNet GL-MT3000 wg-server.so Native Plugin glc server.set_peer command injection
A vulnerability was identified in GL-iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. The impacted element is the function server.set_peer of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component wg-server.so Native Plugin. The manipulation of the argument public_key leads to command injection.…
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Critical 9.8
GL-iNet GL-MT3000 wg-server.so Native Plugin glc wg-server.generate_publickey command injection
A vulnerability was determined in GL-iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. The affected element is the function wg-server.generate_publickey of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component wg-server.so Native Plugin. Executing a manipulation of the argument private_key can l…
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Critical 9.8
GL-iNet GL-MT3000 s2s.so Native Plugin glc s2s.enable_echo_server command injection
A vulnerability was found in GL-iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. Impacted is the function s2s.enable_echo_server of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component s2s.so Native Plugin. Performing a manipulation of the argument port results in command injection. The attack…
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Critical 9.8
GL-iNet GL-MT3000 plugins.so Native Plugin glc plugins.install_package command injection
A flaw has been found in GL-iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. This vulnerability affects the function plugins.remove_package/plugins.install_package of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component plugins.so Native Plugin. This manipulation causes command injection. The …
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Critical 9.8
GL.iNet GL-MT3000 ovpn-client.so Native Plugin glc ovpn-client.get_recommend_config command injection
A vulnerability was determined in GL.iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. Affected is the function ovpn-client.get_recommend_config of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component ovpn-client.so Native Plugin. Executing a manipulation of the argument Hostname can lead to co…
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Critical 9.8
GL.iNet GL-MT3000 ovpn-client.so Native Plugin glc ovpn-client.check_config command injection
A vulnerability was found in GL.iNet GL-MT3000 up to 4.4.5. This impacts the function ovpn-client.check_config of the file /cgi-bin/glc of the component ovpn-client.so Native Plugin. Performing a manipulation of the argument filename results in command inject…
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Critical 9.8
TR1200 v2.4.15, TR3000 v2.4.21, WR300 v2.4.25, WR1200 v2.4.23, WR1300 v2.4.22, WR1500 v2.3.10, WR3000 v2.4.19, WR3600 v…
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Critical 9.8
TR1200 v2.4.15, TR3000 v2.4.21, WR300 v2.4.25, WR1200 v2.4.23, WR1300 v2.4.22, WR1500 v2.3.10, WR3000 v2.4.19, WR3600 v…
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Critical 9.8
TR1200 v2.4.15, TR3000 v2.4.21, WR300 v2.4.25, WR1200 v2.4.23, WR1300 v2.4.22, WR1500 v2.3.10, WR3000 v2.4.19, WR3600 v…
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Critical 9.8
Command Injection in SCM (idledisconnect parameter)
Due to improper neutralization of special elements, an unauthenticated remote attacker is able to inject a command into the system configuration which is subsequently executed as root.
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Critical 9.8
An issue in dnsmgr v.2.15 and before allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the ping function of the Che…
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Critical 9.8
TR1200 v2.4.15, TR3000 v2.4.21, WR300 v2.4.25, WR1200 v2.4.23, WR1300 v2.4.22, WR1500 v2.3.10, WR3000 v2.4.19, WR3600 v…
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Critical 9.9
Logging operator has Fluentd configuration injection that allows remote code execution
Logging operator automates the deployment and configuration of Kubernetes logging pipelines. Prior to 6.6.0, the Fluentd configuration renderer FluentRender in pkg/sdk/logging/model/render/fluent.go writes CRD strings such as Flow record_transformer.records v…
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Critical 9.9
cal.com Repository Takeover via pull_request_target Workflow
cal.com (calcom repository, later renamed cal.diy) is affected by a repository takeover vulnerability in its GitHub Actions workflows. The workflow pr.yml uses the pull_request_target trigger with the repository's default write permissions and passes them dow…
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Critical 9.4
DbGate Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via loadReader functionName code injection
DbGate is cross-platform database manager. Versions 7.1.8 and prior are vulnerable to authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE). Any user with valid DbGate credentials can execute arbitrary OS commands as root by exploiting an unsanitized `functionName` param…
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Critical 9.3
MCP-for-Stata: Command injection via log_file_name parameter in Stata command wrapper
MCP-for-Stata is an MCP server for Stata to integrate Stata into an agent. Prior to version 1.17.3, the `log_file_name` parameter in the `stata_do` API and CLI is directly interpolated into a Stata command string without sanitization. The security guard (`Gua…
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Critical 9.4
SurrealDB before 2.2.2 SurrealQL Injection via export
SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 fails to properly escape table and field names in the command-line export command. An authenticated System User with OWNER or EDITOR roles can create tables or fields with malicious names cont…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-52199 Public exploit
An issue in Generic OEM UZ801_v2.1 4G LTE Router V3.4.3 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the sbin…
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Critical 9.8
GPT Researcher MCP STDIO configuration allows remote command execution
An issue in Open Source GPT Researcher v3.3.7 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on a victim system via user interaction with a crafted HTML page.
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Critical 9.8
LiteLLM 1.18.10 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its MCP server creation functionality. The applicatio…
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Critical 9.6
Microsoft Edge Copilot Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Copilot Chat (Microsoft Edge) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Critical 9.3
Command injection in NPC start web endpoint
The NPC start endpoint on the web server at port 8090 is vulnerable to command injection.
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Critical 9.3
Command injection in diagnosis web endpoint
The network diagnosis endpoint on the web server at port 8090 is vulnerable to command injection.
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Critical 9.8
Comfast CF-WR631AX V3 FastCGI Backend webmgnt system_wl_upload_pic_file os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in Comfast CF-WR631AX V3 up to 2.7.0.8. Affected by this vulnerability is the function system_wl_upload_pic_file of the file /usr/bin/webmgnt of the component FastCGI Backend. This manipulation of the argument filename causes os…
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Critical 9.9
Gogs: RCE via git rebase --exec argument injection in pull request merge
Gogs is an open source self-hosted Git service. Prior to 0.14.3, Gogs allows authenticated users to achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server by creating a pull request with a specially crafted branch name that injects the --exec flag into the git reb…
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Critical 10.0
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution in Gemini CLI CI/CD Workflows
Improper Neutralization used in an OS Command in the container launcher in Google Gemini CLI (versions prior to 0.39.1) and run-gemini-cli GitHub Action (versions prior to 0.1.22) on headless CI platforms allows an unprivileged attacker to achieve pre-sandbox…