Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78: OS Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design
For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
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Implementation
If the program to be executed allows arguments to be specified within an input file or from standard input, then consider using that mode to pass arguments instead of the command line.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Some languages offer multiple functions that can be used to invoke commands. Where possible, identify any function that invokes a command shell using a single string, and replace it with a function that requires individual arguments. These functions typically perform appropriate quoting and filtering of arguments. For example, in C, the system() function accepts a string that contains the entire command to be executed, whereas execl(), execve(), and others require an array of strings, one for each argument. In Windows, CreateProcess() only accepts one command at a time. In Perl, if system() is provided with an array of arguments, then it will quote each of the arguments.
Source: MITRE CWE-78
2,705 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.2
Cisco Small Business RV160 and RV260 Series VPN Routers Remote Command Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV160, RV160W, RV260, RV260P, and RV260W VPN Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected …
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High 8.8
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') in helper_entries
Poddycast is a podcast app made with Electron. Prior to version 0.8.1, an attacker can create a podcast or episode with malicious characters and execute commands on the client machine. The application does not clean the HTML characters of the podcast informat…
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High 7.0
Arbitrary Code Execution in Rdoc
In RDoc 3.11 through 6.x before 6.3.1, as distributed with Ruby through 3.0.1, it is possible to execute arbitrary code via | and tags in a filename.
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High 8.7
Akkadian Provisioning Manager Engine (PME) Shell Escape via 'exec' command
The restricted shell provided by Akkadian Provisioning Manager Engine (PME) can be bypassed by switching the OpenSSH channel from `shell` to `exec` and providing the ssh client a single execution parameter. This issue was resolved in Akkadian OVA appliance ve…
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High 7.5
Arbitrary code execution via specially crafted environment variables
Gradle is a build tool with a focus on build automation. In versions prior to 7.2, start scripts generated by the `application` plugin and the `gradlew` script are both vulnerable to arbitrary code execution when an attacker is able to change environment vari…
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High 8.4
Command injection through environment variable in MVISION EDR
A command injection vulnerability in MVISION EDR (MVEDR) prior to 3.4.0 allows an authenticated MVEDR administrator to trigger the EDR client to execute arbitrary commands through PowerShell using the EDR functionality 'execute reaction'.
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High 7.2
WEIDMUELLER: WLAN devices affected by OS Command Injection vulnerability
In Weidmueller Industrial WLAN devices in multiple versions an exploitable command injection vulnerability exists in the hostname functionality. A specially crafted entry to network configuration information can cause execution of arbitrary system commands, r…
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High 8.8
WEIDMUELLER: WLAN devices affected by OS Command Injection vulnerability
In Weidmueller Industrial WLAN devices in multiple versions an exploitable command injection vulnerability exists in the iw_webs functionality. A specially crafted iw_serverip parameter can cause user input to be reflected in a subsequent iw_system call, resu…
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High 8.8
WEIDMUELLER: WLAN devices affected by OS Command Injection vulnerability
In Weidmueller Industrial WLAN devices in multiple versions an exploitable command injection vulnerability exists in the iw_webs functionality. A specially crafted diagnostic script file name can cause user input to be reflected in a subsequent iw_system call…
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High 8.8
WEIDMUELLER: WLAN devices affected by OS Command Injection vulnerability
In Weidmueller Industrial WLAN devices in multiple versions an exploitable command injection vulnerability exists in encrypted diagnostic script functionality of the devices. A specially crafted diagnostic script file can cause arbitrary busybox commands to b…
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High 8.1
Command Injection Vulnerability in QTS
A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP NAS running legacy versions of QTS. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands in a compromised application. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. QTS vers…
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High 8.8
Remote Command Execution in reg-keygen-git-hash-plugin
reg-keygen-git-hash-plugin is a reg-suit plugin to detect the snapshot key to be compare with using Git commit hash. reg-keygen-git-hash-plugin through and including 0.10.15 allow remote attackers to execute of arbitrary commands. Upgrade to version 0.10.16 o…
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High 7.2
Vulnerability in Roon Server
If exploited, this command injection vulnerability could allow remote attackers to run arbitrary commands. Roon Labs has already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions: Roon Server 2021-05-18 and later
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High 8.8
Command Injection Vulnerability in Video Station
A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect certain versions of Video Station. If exploited, this vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. Video Station versions prior to 5.5.…
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High 8.8
Cisco Prime Infrastructure and Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Prime Infrastructure and Evolved Programmable Network (EPN) Manager could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on an affected system. The vulnerability is due to i…
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High 7.8
Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform a command injection attack on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input to a c…
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High 8.3
Dell OpenManage Enterprise-Modular (OME-M) versions prior to 1.30.00 contain a security bypass vulnerability. An authen…
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High 8.9
Command Injection Vulnerability in systeminformation
systeminformation is an open source system and OS information library for node.js. A command injection vulnerability has been discovered in versions of systeminformation prior to 5.6.4. The issue has been fixed with a parameter check on user input. Please upg…
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High 7.7
Command injection vulnerability in @prisma/sdk in getPackedPackage function
Prisma is an open source ORM for Node.js & TypeScript. As of today, we are not aware of any Prisma users or external consumers of the `@prisma/sdk` package who are affected by this security vulnerability. This issue may lead to remote code execution if a clie…
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High 7.2
MERIT LILIN ENT.CO.,LTD. P2/Z2/P3/Z3 IP camera - Command Injection
The NTP Server configuration function of the IP camera device is not verified with special parameters. Remote attackers can perform a command Injection attack and execute arbitrary commands after logging in with the privileged permission.
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High 7.2
Command injection in Avaya Session Border Controller for Enterprise
A command injection vulnerability in Avaya Session Border Controller for Enterprise could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to send specially crafted messages and execute arbitrary commands with the affected system privileges. Affected versions of Avaya…
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High 7.8
Command Injection in SaltStack Salt
In SaltStack Salt 2016.9 through 3002.6, a command injection vulnerability exists in the snapper module that allows for local privilege escalation on a minion. The attack requires that a file is created with a pathname that is backed up by snapper, and that t…
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High 8.8
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR R78…
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High 8.8
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-…
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High 7.2
ASUS BMC's firmware: command injection - Modify user’s information function
The specific function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page (Modify user’s information function) does not filter the specific parameter. As obtaining the administrator permission, remote attackers can launch command injection to execute command arbitrary.
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High 7.2
ASUS BMC's firmware: command injection - Web Set Media Image function
The Web Set Media Image function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page does not filter the specific parameter. As obtaining the administrator permission, remote attackers can launch command injection to execute command arbitrary.
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High 7.2
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command in SYNO.Core.Network.PPPoE in Synology DiskStation Ma…
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High 8.8CVE-2021-27273 EPSS 66%
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR ProSAFE Netwo…
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High 7.2
OS Command Injection in baserCMS
baserCMS versions prior to 4.4.5 allows a remote attacker with an administrative privilege to execute arbitrary OS commands via unspecified vectors.
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High 7.8
PowerScale OneFS 8.1.2,8.2.2 and 9.1.0 contains an improper input sanitization issue in a command. The Compadmin user c…
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High 8.8
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR R78…
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High 7.8CVE-2020-28243 Public exploit
SaltStack Salt command injection via a crafted process name
An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt before 3002.5. The minion's restartcheck is vulnerable to command injection via a crafted process name. This allows for a local privilege escalation by any user able to create a files on the minion in a non-blackliste…
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High 7.2
Authenticated command injection when changing date settings or hostname in Guardian/CMC before 20.0.7.4
OS Command Injection vulnerability when changing date settings or hostname using web GUI of Nozomi Networks Guardian and CMC allows authenticated administrators to perform remote code execution. This issue affects: Nozomi Networks Guardian 20.0.7.3 version 20…
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High 7.8CVE-2021-27102 Exploited · Ransomware
Accellion FTA 9_12_411 and earlier is affected by OS command execution via a local web service call. The fixed version …
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 7.1
Command Injection Vulnerability
The System Information Library for Node.JS (npm package "systeminformation") is an open source collection of functions to retrieve detailed hardware, system and OS information. In systeminformation before version 5.3.1 there is a command injection vulnerabili…
KEV Jan 18, 2022 -
High 8.8
Nagios XI version xi-5.7.5 is affected by OS command injection. The vulnerability exists in the file /usr/local/nagiosx…
KEV Jan 18, 2022 -
High 8.8
Nagios XI version xi-5.7.5 is affected by OS command injection. The vulnerability exists in the file /usr/local/nagiosx…
KEV Jan 18, 2022 -
High 8.8
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR Orb…
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High 8.0
Magento Commerce Unauthorized Data Modification Could Lead to Arbitrary Code Execution
Magento versions 2.4.1 (and earlier), 2.4.0-p1 (and earlier) and 2.3.6 (and earlier) are vulnerable to an OS command injection via the customer attribute save controller. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution by an authenticated attac…
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High 7.8
Cisco IOS XR Software for Cisco 8000 Series Routers and Network Convergence System 540 Series Routers Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
A vulnerability in a CLI command of Cisco IOS XR Software for the Cisco 8000 Series Routers and Network Convergence System 540 Series Routers running NCS540L software images could allow an authenticated, local attacker to elevate their privilege to root. To e…