Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78: OS Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design
For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
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Implementation
If the program to be executed allows arguments to be specified within an input file or from standard input, then consider using that mode to pass arguments instead of the command line.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Some languages offer multiple functions that can be used to invoke commands. Where possible, identify any function that invokes a command shell using a single string, and replace it with a function that requires individual arguments. These functions typically perform appropriate quoting and filtering of arguments. For example, in C, the system() function accepts a string that contains the entire command to be executed, whereas execl(), execve(), and others require an array of strings, one for each argument. In Windows, CreateProcess() only accepts one command at a time. In Perl, if system() is provided with an array of arguments, then it will quote each of the arguments.
Source: MITRE CWE-78
931 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 6.8
Command Injection Vulnerability on My Cloud Home
Addressed a remote code execution vulnerability by resolving a command injection vulnerability and closing an AWS S3 bucket that potentially allowed an attacker to execute unsigned code on My Cloud Home devices.
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Medium 6.3CVE-2019-25065 Public exploit
OpenNetAdmin os command injection
A vulnerability was found in OpenNetAdmin 18.1.1. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality. The manipulation leads to privilege escalation. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the p…
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Medium 6.4
Dell EMC PowerStore versions 2.0.0.x, 2.0.1.x, and 2.1.0.x are vulnerable to a command injection flaw. An authenticated…
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Medium 6.5
Possible vulnerability at 'npm install' time in sharp if an attacker has control over build environment
sharp is an application for Node.js image processing. Prior to version 0.30.5, there is a possible vulnerability in logic that is run only at `npm install` time when installing versions of `sharp` prior to the latest v0.30.5. If an attacker has the ability to…
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Medium 5.0
Cambium Networks cnMaestro OS Command Injection
The affected On-Premise cnMaestro is vulnerable inside a specific route where a user can upload a crafted package to the system. An attacker could abuse this user-controlled data to execute arbitrary commands on the server.
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Medium 5.7
Cambium Networks cnMaestro Path Traversal
The affected On-Premise cnMaestro is vulnerable to an arbitrary file-write through improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory inside a specific route. If an attacker supplied path traversal charters (../) as part of a filename, the server wil…
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Medium 6.4
Dell VNX2 for File version 8.1.21.266 and earlier, contain a privilege escalation vulnerability. A local malicious admi…
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Medium 6.6
Remote Code Execution (RCE)
All versions of package git are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) due to missing sanitization in the Git.git method, which allows execution of OS commands rather than just git commands. Steps to Reproduce 1. Create a file named exploit.js with the fol…
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Medium 5.4
Moodle stored Cross-site Scripting
ID numbers displayed in the quiz grading report required additional sanitizing to prevent a stored XSS risk. Moodle 3.10 to 3.10.3, 3.9 to 3.9.6, 3.8 to 3.8.8, 3.5 to 3.5.17 and earlier unsupported versions are affected.
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Medium 6.2
Exposure of home directory through shescape on Unix with Bash
Shescape is a shell escape package for JavaScript. An issue in versions 1.4.0 to 1.5.1 allows for exposure of the home directory on Unix systems when using Bash with the `escape` or `escapeAll` functions from the _shescape_ API with the `interpolation` option…
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Medium 6.1
Arbitrary Command Injection in strapi/strapi
Arbitrary Command Injection in GitHub repository strapi/strapi prior to 4.1.0.
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Medium 5.0
Privilege escalation through command injection in fscrypt
The bash_completion script for fscrypt allows injection of commands via crafted mountpoint paths, allowing privilege escalation under a specific set of circumstances. A local user who has control over mountpoint paths could potentially escalate their privileg…
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Medium 6.4
A vulnerability in the 'libsal.so' of the Zyxel GS1900 series firmware version 2.60 could allow an authenticated local …
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Medium 6.8
A vulnerability in the TFTP client of Zyxel GS1900 series firmware, XGS1210 series firmware, and XGS1250 series firmwar…
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Medium 6.4
PAN-OS: OS Command Injection Vulnerability in the Command Line Interface (CLI)
An OS command injection vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS command line interface (CLI) enables an authenticated administrator with access to the CLI to execute arbitrary OS commands to escalate privileges. This issue impacts: PAN-OS 8.1 versions …
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Medium 5.3CVE-2021-22557 Public exploit
Code execution in SLO Generator via YAML Payload
SLO generator allows for loading of YAML files that if crafted in a specific format can allow for code execution within the context of the SLO Generator. We recommend upgrading SLO Generator past https://github.com/google/slo-generator/pull/173
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Medium 6.8
Dell NetWorker, versions 18.x and 19.x contain an Information disclosure vulnerability. A NetWorker server user with re…
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Medium 6.8
Dell NetWorker, versions 18.x and 19.x contain a Path traversal vulnerability. A NetWorker server user with remote acce…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2021-20035 Exploited
Improper neutralization of special elements in the SMA100 management interface allows a remote authenticated attacker t…
KEV Apr 16, 2025 -
Medium 6.7
Cisco IOS XR Software Command Injection Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the CLI of Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain access to the underlying root shell of an affected device and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. For more information about these v…
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Medium 6.7
Cisco IOS XR Software Command Injection Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the CLI of Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain access to the underlying root shell of an affected device and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. For more information about these v…
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Medium 5.9
Command injection in systeminformation
systeminformation is an npm package that provides system and OS information library for node.js. In systeminformation before version 4.26.2 there is a command injection vulnerability. Problem was fixed in version 4.26.2 with a shell string sanitation fix.
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Medium 6.0
Cisco Nexus 9000 Series Fabric Switches ACI Mode Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
A vulnerability in Cisco Nexus 9000 Series Fabric Switches in Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI) mode could allow an authenticated, local attacker to elevate privileges on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient restrictions during…
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Medium 6.8
A privilege escalation vulnerability was reported in the MM1000 device configuration web server, which could allow priv…
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Medium 6.8
Remote code execution in Proxyee-Down
Proxyee-Down is open source proxy software. An attacker being able to provide an extension script (eg: through a MiTM attack or by hosting a malicious extension) may be able to run arbitrary commands on the system running Proxyee-Down. For more details includ…
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Medium —
Arbitrary Command Injection due to Improper Command Sanitization
### Summary There exists a command injection vulnerability in `npmcli/git` versions <2.0.8 which may result in arbitrary shell command execution due to improper argument sanitization when `npmcli/git` is used to execute Git commands based on user controlled i…
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Medium 6.5
Ivanti MobileIron Core clish Restricted Shell Escape via OS Command Injection
By abusing the 'install rpm url' command, an attacker can escape the restricted clish shell on affected versions of Ivanti MobileIron Core. This issue was fixed in version 11.1.0.0.
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Medium 6.4
Dell EMC PowerStore versions prior to 1.0.3.0.5.006 contain an OS Command Injection vulnerability in PowerStore X envir…
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Medium 6.1
Possible RCE vulnerability in mailing action using mailutils (mail-whois)
fail2ban is a daemon to ban hosts that cause multiple authentication errors. In versions 0.9.7 and prior, 0.10.0 through 0.10.6, and 0.11.0 through 0.11.2, there is a vulnerability that leads to possible remote code execution in the mailing action mail-whois.…
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Medium 4.7
Cisco Common Services Platform Collector Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the configuration dashboard of Cisco Common Services Platform Collector (CSPC) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability is due to insufficient sanitization of configuration entries. An atta…
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Medium 6.5
Cisco DNA Spaces Connector Command Injection Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco DNA Spaces Connector could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to perform a command injection attack on an affected device. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient input sanitization when executing affected commands…
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Medium 6.5
Cisco DNA Spaces Connector Command Injection Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco DNA Spaces Connector could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to perform a command injection attack on an affected device. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient input sanitization when executing affected commands…
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Medium 6.0
Cisco DNA Spaces Connector Privilege Escalation Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco DNA Spaces Connector could allow an authenticated, local attacker to elevate privileges and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as root. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient restrictions dur…
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Medium 6.0
Cisco DNA Spaces Connector Privilege Escalation Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco DNA Spaces Connector could allow an authenticated, local attacker to elevate privileges and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as root. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient restrictions dur…
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Medium 6.7
Command Injection Vulnerability in Malware Remover
A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect certain versions of Malware Remover. If exploited, this vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. Malware Remover versions prior to …
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Medium 6.0
Dell PowerScale OneFS 8.1.0-9.1.0 contain an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command vulnerab…
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Medium 6.0
Dell EMC PowerScale OneFS 8.1.0-9.1.0 contain an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command vuln…
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Medium 6.7
Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software and Firepower Threat Defense Software Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system (OS) of an affected …
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Medium 6.0
Dell PowerScale OneFS 8.1.0 - 9.1.0 contains a privilege escalation in SmartLock compliance mode that may allow compadm…
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Medium 6.3
Arbitrary Command Injection
This affects the package portprocesses before 1.0.5. If (attacker-controlled) user input is given to the killProcess function, it is possible for an attacker to execute arbitrary commands. This is due to use of the child_process exec function without input sa…