Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
27 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 5.5CVE-2026-112705 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS …
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Medium 6.1CVE-2026-112611 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS …
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Medium 6.9CVE-2026-77396 Public exploit
PJSIP: Heap buffer overflow in the AVI parser
PJSIP is a free and open source multimedia communication library written in C. In 2.17 and earlier, the PJSIP AVI parser in pjmedia/src/pjmedia/avi_player.c uses an input-file video chunk length as the number of bytes copied into a frame buffer whose capacity…
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Medium 6.3CVE-2026-54900 Public exploit
Oj: Negative-Size memcpy in Oj::Parser create_id Attribute Handling
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. In versions prior to 3.17.2, when in usual mode with create_id enabled, Oj::Parser#parse is vulnerable to heap corruption via a negative-size memcpy. When a JSON object key is …
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Medium 6.5CVE-2026-8388 Public exploit
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150.0.3, Firefox ESR 115.36, Firefox ESR 140.11, and Thunderbird 140.11.
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Medium 6.5CVE-2026-28956 Public exploit
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.5 and iPadOS 26.5…
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Medium 5.1CVE-2026-40003 Public exploit
USB-based arbitrary memory write vulnerability in ZTE ZX297520V3 soc BootROM
ZTE ZX297520V3 BootROM contains a vulnerability that allows arbitrary memory writes via USB. Attackers can exploit the lack of target address validation in the USB download mode to write data to any location in BootROM runtime memory, thereby overwriting the …
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Medium 6.2CVE-2019-25485 Public exploit
R 3.4.4 Windows x64 Buffer Overflow SEH DEP ASLR Bypass
R 3.4.4 on Windows x64 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the GUI Preferences language menu field that allows local attackers to bypass DEP and ASLR protections. Attackers can inject a crafted payload through the Language for menus preference to trig…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2026-20404 Public exploit
In Modem, there is a possible system crash due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote denial of servic…
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Medium 6.1CVE-2025-11187 Public exploit
Improper validation of PBMAC1 parameters in PKCS#12 MAC verification
Issue summary: PBMAC1 parameters in PKCS#12 files are missing validation which can trigger a stack-based buffer overflow, invalid pointer or NULL pointer dereference during MAC verification. Impact summary: The stack buffer overflow or NULL pointer dereferenc…
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Medium 6.3CVE-2025-43400 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.1 and iPadOS …
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Medium 6.7CVE-2025-1122 Public exploit
Out-Of-Bounds Write in TPM2 Reference Library in Google ChromeOS 15753.50.0 stable on Cr50 Boards allows an attacker wi…
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Medium 6.1CVE-2025-0690 Public exploit
Grub2: read: integer overflow may lead to out-of-bounds write
The read command is used to read the keyboard input from the user, while reads it keeps the input length in a 32-bit integer value which is further used to reallocate the line buffer to accept the next character. During this process, with a line big enough it…
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Medium 6.3CVE-2023-48194 Public exploit
Vulnerability in Tenda AC8v4 .V16.03.34.09 due to sscanf and the last digit of s8 being overwritten with \x0. After exe…
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Medium 5.9CVE-2024-27815 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.5 and iPadOS 1…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2024-23709 Public exploit
In multiple locations, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to remote…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2024-0741 Public exploit
An out of bounds write in ANGLE could have allowed an attacker to corrupt memory leading to a potentially exploitable c…
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Medium 6.5
Elasticsearch StackOverflow vulnerability
A flaw was discovered in Elasticsearch, affecting the _search API that allowed a specially crafted query string to cause a Stack Overflow and ultimately a Denial of Service.
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Medium 6.7CVE-2023-20696 Public exploit
In preloader, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalatio…
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Medium 5.5CVE-2022-31902 Public exploit
Notepad++ v8.4.1 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the component Finder::add().
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Medium 6.5CVE-2022-31901 Public exploit
Buffer overflow in function Notepad_plus::addHotSpot in Notepad++ v8.4.3 and earlier allows attackers to crash the appl…
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Medium 5.5CVE-2022-44318 Public exploit
PicoC Version 3.2.2 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow in the StringStrcat function in cstdlib/string.c w…
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Medium 5.5CVE-2022-44312 Public exploit
PicoC Version 3.2.2 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow in the ExpressionCoerceInteger function in express…
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Medium 5.5CVE-2022-40363 Public exploit
A buffer overflow in the component nfc_device_load_mifare_ul_data of Flipper Devices Inc., Flipper Zero before v0.65.2 …
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Medium 5.3CVE-2021-41160 Public exploit
Improper region checks in FreeRDP allow out of bound write to memory
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), released under the Apache license. In affected versions a malicious server might trigger out of bound writes in a connected client. Connections using GDI or SurfaceCommands to send graphic…
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Medium 6.7CVE-2020-14386 Public exploit
A flaw was found in the Linux kernel before 5.9-rc4. Memory corruption can be exploited to gain root privileges from un…
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Medium 6.5
Out of bounds write in JavaScript in Google Chrome prior to 73.0.3683.86 allowed a remote attacker to potentially explo…
KEV Jun 8, 2022