Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
-
Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
-
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
1,385 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
Critical 9.8
orval @orval/effect 8.14.0 through 8.28.1 Code Injection
orval versions 8.14.0 through 8.28.1 contain a code injection vulnerability in the @orval/effect generator that converts OpenAPI schema defaults into template literals. Attackers can inject arbitrary JavaScript expressions via schema defaults containing ${...…
-
Critical 9.8
orval @orval/hono before 8.29.0 Code Injection via OpenAPI Path
orval versions before 8.29.0 contain a code injection vulnerability in the @orval/hono generator that fails to escape OpenAPI path values in single-quoted route literals. Attackers can craft an OpenAPI document with an apostrophe in a static path segment to i…
-
Critical 9.0
YAHMAN Add-ons < 0.9.31 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload via Blog Card Cache
The YAHMAN Add-ons WordPress plugin before 0.9.31 does not validate the type of the remote files it caches in a publicly accessible directory, allowing unauthenticated attackers to write arbitrary PHP files on the server and achieve RCE when the relevant feat…
-
Critical 9.8
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) is Impacted by Multiple Vulnerabilities
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) for RedHat OpenShift could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of user-controlled input within the new Function constructor.
-
Critical 10.0
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute ar…
-
Critical 10.0
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute ar…
-
Critical 9.9
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A low-privileged attacker could exploit this vulnerability…
-
Critical 10.0
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute ar…
-
Critical 10.0
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute ar…
-
Critical 10.0
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute ar…
-
Critical 10.0
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) | Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (CWE-94)
Adobe Campaign Classic (ACC) is affected by an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute ar…
-
Critical 9.4
In OpenStack Octavia before 18.0.1, the Amphora provider driver did not validate the listener and pool tls_ciphers fiel…
-
Critical 9.4
In OpenStack Octavia before 18.0.1, the Amphora provider driver did not reject control characters in the L7 policy redi…
-
Critical 9.8
Incorrect Access Control in the HTTP API module in ZLMediaKit commit 9fd5152 allows remote attackers to achieve Remote …
-
Critical 9.8
A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the UniscriptExecutionService.execute() function (/services/script-execu…
-
Critical 9.8
A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the RemoteRegisterFunctionService function (/remote/remote-register-func…
-
Critical 9.4
Joomla Extension - OrdaSoft.com - Authenticated, Privileged Remote Code Execution in OrdaSoft Joomla Gallery extension for Joomla < 6.2.7
Joomla Extension - OrdaSoft.com - Authenticated, Privileged Remote Code Execution in OrdaSoft Joomla Gallery extension for Joomla < 6.2.7 - The extensions updateOSGallery(), reached via task=update_osgallery, read a JSON request body and called the value of a…
-
Critical 9.8
An unauthenticated Remote Code Execution vulnerability was found in the survey passthrough routing and Data Import proc…
-
Critical 9.9
OpenPanel js-runtime through 2.3.0 JavaScript Template Sandbox Escape RCE
OpenPanel js-runtime through 2.3.0 contains a sandbox escape vulnerability in the JavaScript webhook template validator that fails to block computed member access to constructor chains. Attackers with project write access can create webhook templates using co…
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2026-89274 Public exploit
WP Recipe Maker <= 10.8.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via Recipe Comment Content
The WP Recipe Maker plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in all versions up to, and including, 10.8.1. The vulnerability exists because `WPRM_Metadata::sanitize_metadata()` recursively calls `do_shortcode()` on every scalar fiel…
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2026-92229 Public exploit
Forminator Forms <= 1.57.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 'current_url' Parameter
The The Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 1.57.2. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that …
-
Critical 9.8
IBM Guardium Data Protection is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.
IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2 is vulnerable to unauthenticated insecure deserialization and attacker-controlled reflective method dispatch in the Change Audit System (CAS) listener. A network attacker able to reach TCP port 16017 may submit crafted serial…
-
Critical 9.8
In the interchange/interchange project, a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability was found in the “quick qu…
-
Critical 10.0
vm2 before 3.12.1 Sandbox Escape RCE via Non-Strict Host Function
vm2 through 3.12.0 (fixed in 3.12.1) does not correctly handle a nullish `this` receiver in the apply trap of its bridge (lib/bridge.js): when sandboxed code calls a host-provided non-strict (sloppy-mode) function without a receiver — e.g. `fn()`, a detached …
-
Critical 9.1
AF Companion < 2.2.0 - Shop Manager+ Arbitrary File Upload to RCE
The AF Companion WordPress plugin before 2.2.0 does not validate the type of files uploaded through one of its import features, allowing users with a low-privileged store-management role to upload arbitrary files, including PHP ones, leading to Remote Code Ex…
-
Critical 9.3
Wavelog: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Wavelog is web-based amateur radio logging software. From 1.8 until 2.4.2, Wavelog exposes /install/ajax.php and /install/includes/interface_assets/triggers.php after installation without an installation lock or permission check. Unsanitized input reaches wri…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-45140 Public exploit
Chamilo LMS CStudio upload flow allows unauthenticated remote code execution
Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. Prior to 2.0.1, Chamilo LMS allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server. The authoritative advisory does not identify the affected endpoint, component, input, or e…
-
Critical 9.0
Anyquery: AppleScript/JXA Code Injection via Unescaped URL in macOS plugins (Brave, Chrome, Edge, Reminders, Safari)
Anyquery is an SQL query engine built on top of SQLite. Prior to 0.4.5, authenticated users with INSERT or UPDATE access to affected macOS virtual tables can execute operating-system commands because the Chrome plugin and equivalent Brave, Edge, and Safari va…
-
Critical 10.0
vm2 3.11.6 Remote Code Execution via Promise call/apply
vm2 3.11.6 is vulnerable to a sandbox escape leading to remote code execution in the host Node.js process. The fix for GHSA-m283-3h24-438v is incomplete: the bridge gate at lib/bridge.js:1624 identity-checks only the direct call target when deciding whether t…
-
Critical 10.0
WordPress Migratico Lite plugin <= 2.6.8 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Migratico Lite <= 2.6.8 versions.
-
Critical 9.0
wpShopGermany IT-RECHT KANZLEI < 2.4 - Unauthenticated RCE via Predictable API Token
The wpShopGermany IT-RECHT KANZLEI WordPress plugin before 2.4 does not generate its API authentication token securely, deriving it from data the requester controls and creating it as a side effect of the check that is supposed to validate it, allowing unauth…
-
Critical 9.3
HP Advance – Potential Elevation of Privilege, Remote Code Execution & Arbitrary File Write
HP has identified potential security vulnerabilities in the HP Advance software that may enable elevation of privilege, remote code execution, or arbitrary file write under certain conditions, impacting the HP Advance server hosting the software.
-
Critical 9.3
HP Advance – Potential Elevation of Privilege, Remote Code Execution & Arbitrary File Write
HP has identified potential security vulnerabilities in the HP Advance software that may enable elevation of privilege, remote code execution, or arbitrary file write under certain conditions, impacting the HP Advance server hosting the software.
-
Critical 10.0
Under certain circumstances, an unauthenticated gNPSI client can craft a malicious request to allow arbitrary code execution, granting an attacker full administrative control over the compromised switch.
Under certain circumstances on affected platforms running Arista EOS with gRPC Network Packet Sampling Interface (gNPSI) enabled, an unauthenticated gNPSI client can craft a malicious request to allow arbitrary code execution, granting an attacker full admini…
-
Critical 9.8
Sentry Seer vulnerability allows attacker-controlled input to be executed in a privileged environment
Sentry Seer is vulnerable to a multi-stage trust-boundary violation that allows unauthenticated attacker-controlled telemetry to become code that is executed by an agent in a privileged automation environment. An external attacker can submit fabricated Sentry…
-
Critical 10.0
Security Advisory 0174
An unauthenticated P4Runtime (Programming Protocol-Independent Packet Processors Runtime) client can achieve arbitrary code execution under certain conditions on affected platforms running Arista EOS configured with P4Runtime. P4Runtime is disabled by default…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-51990 Public exploit
An issue in Sogou Sogou Input Method < 16.3.0.3498 (fixed in 16.3.0.3498) allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary…
-
Critical 10.0
MCP Context Forge: RestrictedPython sandbox bypass via getattr builtin in python_sandbox_server
MCP Context Forge is an AI gateway, registry, and proxy for MCP, A2A, REST, and gRPC APIs. Prior to 1.0.2, the python_sandbox_server in mcp-servers/python/python_sandbox_server/src/python_sandbox_server/server_fastmcp.py exposes raw getattr through safe_built…
-
Critical 9.8
PraisonAI: Remote Code Execution via Sandbox Escape in `codeMode` Tool
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 1.7.2, the codeMode tool in src/praisonai-ts/src/tools/builtins/code-mode.ts executes model-generated JavaScript with new Function() and with(sandbox), while a regular-expression blocklist can be bypassed with…
-
Critical 9.8
OpenAM: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Class.forName in AuthXMLUtils.createCustomCallback
Open Access Management (OpenAM) is an access management solution. Prior to 16.1.2, the pre-authentication /authservice PLL endpoint accepts a CustomCallback XML element whose className value selects an arbitrary Java class for AuthXMLUtils to load and instant…