Weakness (CWE)
CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
More detail
In some cases, XSS-style attacks can work, which can obscure the root cause if the developer does not closely investigate the root cause of the error.
Template engines can be used on the server or client, so both "sides" could be affected by injection. The mechanisms of attack or the affected technologies might be different, but the mistake is fundamentally the same.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
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Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
Source: MITRE CWE-1336
318 results · Feed
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-125757 Public exploit
mailcow: dockerized before 2026-11 Template Injection RCE via Domain-Wide Footer
mailcow: dockerized before 2026-11 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability that allows domain administrators to execute commands in the shared rspamd container by storing a malicious domain-wide footer. Attackers can embed a Jinja macro with a…
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Medium 4.2
Dynatrace MCP Server: Workflow template injection via create_workflow_for_notification
Dynatrace MCP Server is an MCP server for Dynatrace Observability. Prior to 2.0.0, the create_workflow_for_notification tool inserts the caller-controlled teamName, problemType, and channel values into a Dynatrace workflow without neutralizing Jinja2 expressi…
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Critical 9.8
LMFDB before commit 01829bd Unauthenticated Server-Side Template Injection via /knowledge/render/<ID>
LMFDB before commit 01829bd contains a server-side template injection vulnerability in the render_knowl function that allows unauthenticated attackers to inject Jinja expressions via request parameters. Attackers can supply crafted query-string values or 'con…
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High 8.8
Apache OFBiz: renderLink compiles link parameters as FreeMarker source
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine ('Server-Side Template Injection') in MacroScreenRenderer in Apache OFBiz 24.09 before 24.09.08 on all platforms allows a remote authenticated attacker holding only the two view permissions…
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High 8.8
Apache OFBiz: Authenticated Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine ('Server-Side Template Injection') in Apache OFBiz 24.09 before 24.09.08 on all platforms allows a remote authenticated attacker holding only a stock non-administrative account to execute a…
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Medium 6.3
eosphoros-ai DB-GPT Jinja2 Template __init__.py FileBasedSkill.get_prompt special elements in template engine
A security vulnerability has been detected in eosphoros-ai DB-GPT up to 0.8.1. The affected element is the function FileBasedSkill.get_prompt of the file packages/dbgpt-core/src/dbgpt/agent/skill/claude_skill/__init__.py of the component Jinja2 Template Handl…
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High 8.8
DataGerry < 3.3.0 SSTI via DocAPI Template Rendering
DataGerry before 3.3.0 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with base.docapi.template.add permission to store arbitrary Jinja2 payloads in the template_data field via POST /rest/docapi/template, which is …
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High 7.2
Quest Foglight for Databases renderTemplateString Server-Side Template Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Quest Foglight for Databases renderTemplateString Server-Side Template Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Quest Foglight for Databases. Authenticatio…
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High 7.1
GeoNetwork: Reflected XSS through client-side template injection
GeoNetwork is a catalog application to manage spatially referenced resources. From 3.0.0 until 4.2.15 and 4.4.10, requesting a nonexistent or unauthorized service URL can cause an error page to reflect attacker-controlled request content inside an AngularJS a…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-44267 Public exploit
Elo: Sandbox escape to arbitrary Node.js / browser code execution via unfiltered `.constructor` member access in Elo JavaScript emitter
Elo is a purely functional expression language for no-code tools. Prior to 1.0.1, plain Elo strings supplied to defaultFormats.elo.parse(), bin/elo, or elo-lang.org/try can use .constructor.constructor to reach JavaScript Function because the member_access ha…
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Critical 9.8
Elo: Remote Code Execution in Elo Ruby backend via unescaped `#{...}` interpolation in emitted string literals and subtype-constraint labels
Elo is a purely functional expression language for no-code tools. Prior to 1.0.1, the Ruby backend in src/compilers/ruby.ts embeds attacker-controlled text in Ruby double-quoted strings without escaping #, so Ruby interpolation forms in the string-literal emi…
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High 8.8
Template injection in the publishing component of awslabs Virtual Engineering Workbench
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine in the publishing component of Amazon Virtual Engineering Workbench (VEW) could allow a remote authenticated third party to run arbitrary code with the permissions of the publishing Lambda'…
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Medium 5.4
Linked Field - Moderately critical - Server-side template injection - SA-CONTRIB-2026-200
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Drupal Linked Field allows Code Injection. This issue affects Linked Field versions: from 0.0.0 to 1.8.0.
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Medium 5.4
Inline Formatter Field - Moderately critical - Server-side template injection - SA-CONTRIB-2026-203
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Drupal Inline Formatter Field allows Code Injection. This issue affects Inline Formatter Field versions: from 0.0.0 to 4.2.0.
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Critical 9.0
SOCFortress CoPilot: Stored case-report template injection permits backend code execution
SOCFortress CoPilot focuses on providing a single pane of glass for all your security operations needs. Prior to 0.1.76, in the reported deployment, case-report templates uploaded by `customer_user`, the lowest-privilege portal role, are later executed by non…
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High 8.8
Frappe Framework before 15.111.0 and 16.x before 16.21.0 Server-Side Template Injection via Message Fields
Frappe Framework before 15.111.0 and 16.x before 16.21.0 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability because user-controlled message fields are rendered as templates without neutralization. An authenticated attacker holding a common operational ro…
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High 7.5
Bricks Theme Unauthenticated Dynamic Data Tag Injection via query_result
Bricks Theme 2.4.3 and before contains an unauthenticated dynamic-data tag injection vulnerability that allows anonymous attackers to control the urlParams object in the query_result REST endpoint, causing the submitted value to be re-parsed as a Bricks dynam…
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Medium 4.9
Smart Popup by Supsystic < 2.0.2 - Admin+ SSTI via Popup Text Block
The Smart Popup by Supsystic WordPress plugin before 2.0.2 does not prevent template-injection payloads from being stored in a popup text block and later evaluated by its template engine, because the filter meant to strip template delimiters runs before a dec…
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High 8.8
A server-side template injection vulnerability exists in the Twig theme rendering sandbox of Mautic. The sandbox introd…
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High 8.8
Low privilege condition filter escapes Twig sandbox, recovers "securityKey" and reaches RCE
Craft CMS allows any authenticated control panel user to submit an element-search condition whose element selector is evaluated as a sandboxed Twig object template. Craft’s allowed column filter delegates property lookup to Yii ArrayHelper, outside Twig’s Sec…
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Critical 9.3
Goobi viewer: IIIF Auth 2.0 origin parameter unsanitized — CSP malformation and reflected XSS
The Goobi viewer is a web application that allows digitised material to be displayed in a web browser. From version 25.08 to before version 26.05, the IIIF Auth 2.0 endpoints auth/login and auth/token in AuthorizationFlowResource accept an origin query parame…
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Critical 9.1
Webform - Critical - Remote Code Execution - SA-CONTRIB-2026-175
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Drupal Webform allows Code Injection. This issue affects Webform versions: from 0.0.0 to 6.2.12, from 6.3.0 to 6.3.1.
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Low 3.5
AI CKEditor - Moderately critical - Code execution via Twig templates - SA-CONTRIB-2026-187
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Drupal AI CKEditor allows Code Injection. This issue affects AI CKEditor versions: from 0.0.0 to 1.4.3.
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High 8.2CVE-2026-78164 Public exploit
Apache Camel: HTTP producers resolve property placeholders in message-supplied URI override headers
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine and Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in Apache Camel HTTP, Netty HTTP, Undertow and Vert.x HTTP components. This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.0…
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Critical 9.1
Tianji: Remote Code Execution via lodash template evaluate pattern in survey feed templates
Tianji is an open source analytics, uptime monitoring, and server status platform. Prior to 1.31.29, formatString() in src/server/utils/template.ts passes survey feedTemplate and monitor notification templates to lodash template(), while the default evaluate …
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High 8.5
Ansible-operator-plugins: ansible operator plugins: arbitrary code execution via jinja2 template injection
A flaw was found in Ansible Operator Plugins. A low-privileged Kubernetes user can exploit a Jinja2 template injection vulnerability by crafting malicious custom resource (CR) specification values. These values are processed by Ansible without proper sanitiza…
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Critical 9.4
A server-side template injection exists in SolusVM 2 up to version 2.0.0-44576 that allows remote authenticated users t…
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Medium 5.4
BottleCRM through 1.14.5 Server-Side Template Injection via Account Email create_mail
BottleCRM through 1.14.5 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability in the send_email Celery task, which compiles the user-supplied AccountEmail message_body with django.template.Template(). Authenticated organization members can submit template …
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-103849 Public exploit
Adobe Commerce | Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine (CWE-1336)
Adobe Commerce is affected by an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the vict…
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High 8.8
Frappe ERPNext before 15.119.1 Server-Side Template Injection via Message Fields
Frappe ERPNext before 15.119.1 and 16.x before 16.32.0 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability because user-controlled message fields are not validated before template rendering, allowing expressions to run in an unrestricted context. Authenti…
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High 8.8
Craft CMS 5.10.2 before 5.10.14 Twig Sandbox Bypass RCE via has some/has every
Craft CMS from 5.10.2 before 5.10.14 contains a Twig sandbox bypass that allows non-admin users to invoke PHP callables through the "has some" and "has every" operators. Users with the System Messages permission can supply two-argument callables such as passt…
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High 8.8
CVE-2026-107248
Thelia 3.0.0's back-office Email/Messages feature contains a server‑side template injection (SSTI) flaw that allows any authenticated user with the “Messages” permission to supply unsandboxed Twig templates, which are then compiled and executed as raw code. B…
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Medium 5.4
CVE-2026-103537
Thelia 2.6.1 contains an absolute path traversal vulnerability in its Smarty template handling that enables SSTI and remote code execution. The `checkTemplate()` validation restricts relative directory traversal sequences such as `../` but does not reject abs…
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Medium 5.4
CVE-2026-103528
Thelia 2.6.0 uses Smarty for email templates without properly restricting access to dangerous PHP functions. An authenticated administrator can inject malicious Smarty expressions into email templates via the messages configuration interface, and when the tem…
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Medium 6.3
Furion .NET Framework View ViewEngine.cs RunCompile special elements in template engine
A security flaw has been discovered in Furion .NET Framework up to 4.9.9.95. This affects the function RunCompile of the file framework/Furion/ViewEngine/Engines/ViewEngine.cs of the component View Engine. The manipulation of the argument content results in i…
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Critical 9.1
Wizarr: Authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in wizard step rendering leads to Remote Code Execution (RCE)
Wizarr is an advanced user invitation and management system for Jellyfin, Plex, Emby, and other media servers. Prior to 2026.9.1, wizard step Markdown supplied through the editor or imported bundles was evaluated by app/blueprints/wizard/routes.py in the appl…
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High 7.7
Backstage: Improper validation of MkDocs theme configuration in TechDocs
Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 1.14.6, the @backstage/plugin-techdocs-node package is affected by improper validation of mkdocs theme configuration in techdocs. When TechDocs is configured to build documentation locall…
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Critical 9.6
Dell Container Storage Modules, versions prior to 1.18.0, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Use…
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High 8.8
Authenticated RCE via render-components Entry Type overrides
Craft CMS 5.10.13.2 contains an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability in the Control Panel action app/render-components. Any authenticated user with basic Control Panel access can submit request-controlled component classes and property overrides.…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-104851 Public exploit
fsspec: Server-Side Template Injection in ReferenceFileSystem leads to Remote Code Execution
fsspec is a specification and Python implementation framework for filesystem interfaces. From 0.9.0 until 2026.6.0, fsspec.implementations.reference.ReferenceFileSystem evaluates fields from Kerchunk reference JSON documents through unrestricted jinja2.Templa…