Weakness (CWE)
CWE-95: Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").
How to prevent it (4 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Implementation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-95
241 results · Feed
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High 7.8
PyMoDAQ before 5.3.10 Arbitrary Code Execution via Crafted HDF5, Dock Layout, and XML Settings Files
PyMoDAQ before 4.4.13, and pymodaq_data, pymodaq_gui, and pymodaq_utils before 5.1.15, 5.2.x before 5.2.14, and 5.3.x before 5.3.10, contain deserialization of untrusted data and eval injection vulnerabilities that allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by…
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High 7.8
h5io before 0.2.6 Arbitrary Code Execution via read_hdf5
h5io before 0.2.6 contains a code injection vulnerability in read_hdf5() that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a crafted HDF5 file. Attackers can store Python code in a node titled timezone, which _triage_read() passes to eval() with bu…
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Critical 9.2
Code execution through double evaluation in address replacement rules
SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before 15.1.1 can evaluate attacker-influenced replacement text as Perl code in sender or recipient replacement rules. An unauthenticated remote sender can execute operating-system commands in the mail-processing worker context w…
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Medium 6.6
Chamilo LMS: Conditional PHP execution through vendored QuickForm eval
Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. In the 1.x line before 1.11.40, and the 2.x line before 2.0.1, multiple `eval()` calls in the vendored PEAR `HTML_QuickForm` libraries can execute arbitrary PHP code if form element names contain attac…
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Critical 9.8
Spreadsheet::XLSX versions before 0.19 for Perl allow code execution via string eval of number format conditions in ExcelFmt
Spreadsheet::XLSX versions before 0.19 for Perl allow code execution via string eval of number format conditions in ExcelFmt. When a number format has a condition such as [>100], ExcelFmt chooses the format section by passing the condition and the cell value …
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Medium 4.3
Crawl4AI 0.9.0 before 0.9.5 JavaScript Injection via css_selector and wait_for
Crawl4AI from 0.9.0 before 0.9.5 contains a JavaScript injection vulnerability in the Docker API server that allows authenticated API clients to run arbitrary JavaScript in the crawl page via allowlisted css_selector and wait_for fields. Attackers can inject …
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Medium 6.6
Server-Side Script Injection in Manager Web UI in Progress WS_FTP Server
Improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code in the Manager web console of Progress Software WS_FTP Server versions prior to 2024.0.7 and 2025.0.4 on Windows could allow an authenticated Manager administrator to execute arbitrary comman…
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Critical 9.9
XWiki Pro Macros: excerpt-include title and content injection executes code
XWiki Remote Macros provides XWiki rendering macros that are useful when migrating content from Confluence. From 1.13 until 1.14.5, the `excerpt-include` macro does not properly escape the included page's title and executes `excerpt` content with the macro's …
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High 8.4
JQ::Lite versions before 2.51 for Perl execute Perl code embedded in a query's regular expression by compiling it with string eval
JQ::Lite versions before 2.51 for Perl execute Perl code embedded in a query's regular expression by compiling it with string eval. The pattern given to test(), match(), or the match and =~ conditions of select() is placed in a `qr'...'` literal and compiled …
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Medium 5.3
THU-MIG yoloe AutoBackend Model Loading autobackend.py eval eval injection
A security flaw has been discovered in THU-MIG yoloe up to 40cd606cabdbe2b566d6f14a6b162c89206e9a1b. This affects the function eval of the file ultralytics/nn/autobackend.py of the component AutoBackend Model Loading. The manipulation of the argument imgsz/na…
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Critical 9.8
WeRSS (we-mp-rss) through 1.5.3 RCE via template Parameter in /rss Endpoint
WeRSS (we-mp-rss) through 1.5.3 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to run code via the template parameter of the public GET /rss/{feed_id} endpoint. Attackers can supply a non-built-in ext value and a {{=expre…
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High 8.1
SGLang 0.5.10 through 0.5.22 Code Injection via Debug Dumper Filter
SGLang 0.5.10 through 0.5.22 contains a code injection vulnerability in _evaluate_filter() that allows remote attackers to execute Python code by escaping the eval() sandbox through re.search __globals__. Attackers can send a crafted filter expression to the …
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Medium 5.3
Ultralytics FastSAM AutoBackend Model Loading autobackend.py session.get_modelmeta.custom_metadata_map eval injection
A weakness has been identified in Ultralytics FastSAM up to b4ed20c2fed75eadc5aa7d8b09fedd137b873b52. This affects the function session.get_modelmeta.custom_metadata_map of the file ultralytics/nn/autobackend.py of the component AutoBackend Model Loading. Thi…
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Medium 4.8
ImprintLab Medical-SAM-Adapter AutoBackend Model Loading autobackend.py session.get_modelmeta.custom_metadata_map eval injection
A security flaw has been discovered in ImprintLab Medical-SAM-Adapter 0.1.0-alpha/0.1.0. Affected by this issue is the function session.get_modelmeta.custom_metadata_map of the file models/MobileSAMv2/ultralytics/nn/autobackend.py of the component AutoBackend…
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Critical 9.0
Dokku: Host Command Execution via eval of Unsanitized Docker Options in DOCKER_ARGS
Dokku is a docker-powered platform as a service. In Dokku versions before 0.38.25, a user with app-level Dokku access and remote SSH access to execute docker-options commands can store arbitrary strings through the docker-options plugin, and those strings are…
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High 7.8
NVIDIA Isaac Lab contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause an eval injection. A successful exploit of this…
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Critical 9.6
Affected devices do not properly restrict executable content contained in imported trace files. This could allow an att…
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High 8.6
PHPCSUtils: Remote code execution via eval() in AbstractArrayDeclarationSniff::getActualArrayKey()
PHPCSUtils is a suite of utility functions for use with PHP_CodeSniffer. From 1.0.0-alpha1 until 1.2.3, PHPCSUtils\AbstractSniffs\AbstractArrayDeclarationSniff::getActualArrayKey() evaluates attacker-controlled array-key expressions with eval(), allowing call…
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Critical 9.9
Astron Agent: Unsandboxed code-node leads to cross-tenant RCE
Astron Agent is an agentic workflow platform for building and running AI agents. Prior to 1.1.2, the default workflow code-node path through /console-api/workflow/code/run and /workflow/v1/run selects LocalExecutor in core/workflow/engine/nodes/code/code_node…
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High 8.6
Brocade ASCG before 3.5.0 improperly processes user input by evaluating form data prior to validation. When an authenti…
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Medium 4.7
django-haystack more_like_this Template Tag elasticsearch_backend.py _to_python eval injection
A vulnerability has been found in django-haystack up to 3.3.0. Affected is the function _to_python of the file haystack/backends/elasticsearch_backend.py of the component more_like_this Template Tag Handler. Such manipulation of the argument result_class lead…
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High 8.7
Taskcluster: Unauthenticated remote code execution in `web-server` via GraphQL `filter` argument (sift `$where`)
Taskcluster is the task execution framework that supports Mozilla's continuous integration and release processes. Prior to version 100.3.0, Taskcluster is vulnerable to unauthenticated RCE on Taskcluster deployments with an anonymous role that exposes the Gra…
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Low 3.7
Toptech TMS7 and TopHAT Eval Injection
The application uses unsafe functions that allow execution of inline scripts and string evaluation functions.
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High 8.4
Unsafe use of eval() method in ros2 topic hz tool
A code injection vulnerability has been discovered in the Robot Operating System 2 (ROS 2) 'ros2topic' command-line tool, affecting all ROS 2 distributions from Crystal Clemmys up to and including Lyrical Luth and Rolling Ridley. The vulnerability lies in the…
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Medium 4.1
Langflow Code Execution via eval() in Component Input Schema
Langflow 1.0.16 before 1.12.0 and 0.0.94 before 1.12.0 contain an unsafe eval() vulnerability in schema.py that allows authenticated attackers to achieve code execution by placing a Python object with a malicious __repr__ method into component input options l…
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Critical 9.8
Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') in hMailServer
Eval injection in the JScript event-script dispatcher in Progressive Robot Ltd's hMailServer, versions 6.0.0 through 6.3.3 on Windows, allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to run arbitrary JScript inside the hMailServer service process, with the privileg…
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High 7.0
MONAI through 1.6.0 _get_fake_spatial_shape eval() Sandbox Bypass via Attribute Chains
MONAI through 1.6.0 contains an eval injection vulnerability in _get_fake_spatial_shape() in monai/bundle/scripts.py. The function validates shape expressions with a helper that walks the AST and only collects ast.Name nodes, rejecting any name other than 'p'…
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High 7.8
MONAI through 1.6.0 Remote Code Execution via bundle configuration
MONAI through 1.6.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the bundle configuration engine that resolves _target_ values to arbitrary importable callables without an allow list and passes $ expressions to Python eval(). Attackers can publish a mali…
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Critical 9.9
plone.app.portlets Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via TALES Injection
plone.app.portlets.portlets provides a Plone-specific user interface for plone.portlets, as well as a standard set of portlets that ship with Plone. Starting in version 5.0.0 and prior to versions 5.0.8, 6.0.4, and 7.0.2, the Classic portlet (plone.app.portle…
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Medium 5.3
Information Disclosure vulnerability in SAP Fiori Launchpad
SAP Fiori Launchpad does not sufficiently validate certain user-controlled input. An unauthenticated attacker could craft a malicious link that, when clicked by an authenticated user, causes the browser to load attacker-controlled content from an external loc…
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Critical 9.8
An issue in gray-matter All versions (verified on 4.0.3) allows the JavaScript engine in lib/engines.js using eval() to…
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Critical 9.9
org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml has an Eval Injection issue
XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Prior to versions 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1, any user who can edit their own user profile or any other document c…
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High 7.8
Redocly CLI: Arbitrary code execution via Arazzo `$faker` expression using `respect`
Redocly CLI makes OpenAPI validation, linting, and documentation workflows easier. Prior to version 2.33.0 of @redocly/respect-core and @redocly/cli, the respect command dynamically evaluates $faker runtime expressions in Arazzo descriptions. A crafted expres…
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Critical 9.9
DIRAC: RCE in FileCatalog DatasetManager via SQL injection + eval
DIRAC is an interware, meaning a software framework for distributed computing. Prior to versions 8.0.79, 9.0.22, and 9.1.10, DataManagementSystem/Service/FileCatalogHandler.py checkDataset forwards an authenticated caller-controlled datasets value to DatasetM…
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Critical 9.9
DIRAC: RCE in RequestManager due to eval on untrusted input
DIRAC is an interware, meaning a software framework for distributed computing. Prior to versions 8.0.79, 9.0.22, and 9.1.10, the RequestManagementSystem/Service/ReqManagerHandler.py export_getRequestCountersWeb function passes an authenticated caller-controll…
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High 8.8
Koha Eval Code Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Koha Eval Code Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Koha. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the…
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High 8.8
An improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code ('Eval Injection') issue exists in CONPROSYS HMI…
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Critical 9.8
Apache Camel K: Camel K Tenant repositories reach Maven execution inside operator pod
Improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code ('eval injection') vulnerability in Apache Camel K. An improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated Maven configuration allows tenant-controlled repository content to influe…
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Medium 6.6
Improper Input Handling in Okta Access Gateway Management Console Exception Handler
The Okta Access Gateway management console passes user-supplied input to eval() without sanitization during an authenticated administrator SSH session. As a result, the unsanitized input is executed directly, leading to code execution with the privileges of t…
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Critical 9.9
ColdFusion | Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') (CWE-95)
ColdFusion is affected by an Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A low-privileged attacker could exploit this vu…