Weakness (CWE)
CWE-95: Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").
How to prevent it (4 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Implementation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-95
92 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.8
PyMoDAQ before 5.3.10 Arbitrary Code Execution via Crafted HDF5, Dock Layout, and XML Settings Files
PyMoDAQ before 4.4.13, and pymodaq_data, pymodaq_gui, and pymodaq_utils before 5.1.15, 5.2.x before 5.2.14, and 5.3.x before 5.3.10, contain deserialization of untrusted data and eval injection vulnerabilities that allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by…
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High 7.8
h5io before 0.2.6 Arbitrary Code Execution via read_hdf5
h5io before 0.2.6 contains a code injection vulnerability in read_hdf5() that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a crafted HDF5 file. Attackers can store Python code in a node titled timezone, which _triage_read() passes to eval() with bu…
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High 8.4
JQ::Lite versions before 2.51 for Perl execute Perl code embedded in a query's regular expression by compiling it with string eval
JQ::Lite versions before 2.51 for Perl execute Perl code embedded in a query's regular expression by compiling it with string eval. The pattern given to test(), match(), or the match and =~ conditions of select() is placed in a `qr'...'` literal and compiled …
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High 8.1
SGLang 0.5.10 through 0.5.22 Code Injection via Debug Dumper Filter
SGLang 0.5.10 through 0.5.22 contains a code injection vulnerability in _evaluate_filter() that allows remote attackers to execute Python code by escaping the eval() sandbox through re.search __globals__. Attackers can send a crafted filter expression to the …
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High 7.8
NVIDIA Isaac Lab contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause an eval injection. A successful exploit of this…
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High 8.6
PHPCSUtils: Remote code execution via eval() in AbstractArrayDeclarationSniff::getActualArrayKey()
PHPCSUtils is a suite of utility functions for use with PHP_CodeSniffer. From 1.0.0-alpha1 until 1.2.3, PHPCSUtils\AbstractSniffs\AbstractArrayDeclarationSniff::getActualArrayKey() evaluates attacker-controlled array-key expressions with eval(), allowing call…
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High 8.6
Brocade ASCG before 3.5.0 improperly processes user input by evaluating form data prior to validation. When an authenti…
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High 8.7
Taskcluster: Unauthenticated remote code execution in `web-server` via GraphQL `filter` argument (sift `$where`)
Taskcluster is the task execution framework that supports Mozilla's continuous integration and release processes. Prior to version 100.3.0, Taskcluster is vulnerable to unauthenticated RCE on Taskcluster deployments with an anonymous role that exposes the Gra…
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High 8.4
Unsafe use of eval() method in ros2 topic hz tool
A code injection vulnerability has been discovered in the Robot Operating System 2 (ROS 2) 'ros2topic' command-line tool, affecting all ROS 2 distributions from Crystal Clemmys up to and including Lyrical Luth and Rolling Ridley. The vulnerability lies in the…
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High 7.0
MONAI through 1.6.0 _get_fake_spatial_shape eval() Sandbox Bypass via Attribute Chains
MONAI through 1.6.0 contains an eval injection vulnerability in _get_fake_spatial_shape() in monai/bundle/scripts.py. The function validates shape expressions with a helper that walks the AST and only collects ast.Name nodes, rejecting any name other than 'p'…
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High 7.8
MONAI through 1.6.0 Remote Code Execution via bundle configuration
MONAI through 1.6.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the bundle configuration engine that resolves _target_ values to arbitrary importable callables without an allow list and passes $ expressions to Python eval(). Attackers can publish a mali…
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High 7.8
Redocly CLI: Arbitrary code execution via Arazzo `$faker` expression using `respect`
Redocly CLI makes OpenAPI validation, linting, and documentation workflows easier. Prior to version 2.33.0 of @redocly/respect-core and @redocly/cli, the respect command dynamically evaluates $faker runtime expressions in Arazzo descriptions. A crafted expres…
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High 8.8
Koha Eval Code Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Koha Eval Code Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Koha. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the…
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High 8.8
An improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code ('Eval Injection') issue exists in CONPROSYS HMI…
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High 8.6
ColdFusion | Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') (CWE-95)
ColdFusion is affected by an Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to…
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High 8.1
Freeipa: idm: freeipa: idp-add eval() reachable before authorization check allows environment disclosure and denial of service
A flaw was found in FreeIPA's idp-add command, where insufficiently validated --organization/--base-url input reaches a constrained eval() call before the corresponding LDAP access control check is enforced. This allows any authenticated IPA principal, regard…
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High 7.2
n8n before 2.36.2 Expression Sandbox Bypass via SpreadElement
n8n versions before 2.36.2 contain an expression sandbox bypass vulnerability where free identifiers in spread, computed-key, switch-case, or class-extension positions resolve against process globals. Authenticated users with workflow-edit permission can muta…
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High 8.7CVE-2026-65643 Public exploit
Eval injection in cPanel 11.138.0.0 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code as root.
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High 7.8
chirpmyradio CHIRP before 39178db allows eval injection via crafted CSV data. This occurs in _clean_tmode in drivers/ke…
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High 7.8
@cgauge/yaml npm Package Arbitrary Code Execution via eval() YAML Tag
@cgauge/yaml npm package contains an arbitrary code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript by embedding a custom !js YAML tag whose construct callback unconditionally calls eval() on attacker-supplied string values durin…
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High 7.8
FreeCAD: Arbitrary Code Execution via eval() on untrusted project file metadata in BIM Workbench
FreeCAD is a free and open-source multiplatform 3D parametric modeler. From 0.19 until 1.1.1, src/Mod/BIM/bimcommands/BimProjectManager.py in the BIM Project Manager Load Template flow passes attacker-controlled FCStd Meta property values for wpposition, wpu,…
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High 7.8
FreeCAD: Arbitrary Code Execution via eval() on untrusted SVG template scale field in BIM TechDraw Page
FreeCAD is a free and open-source multiplatform 3D parametric modeler. From 0.19 until 1.1.1, FreeCAD's BIM Workbench contains an eval() call on untrusted data from SVG template files. When a user creates a TechDraw page from a malicious SVG template, arbitra…
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High 8.2
Data::MuForm::Localizer versions through 0.05 for Perl execute Perl from a message catalog header, reached at an arbitrary path because load_lexicon interpolates the language attribute into the catalog filename
Data::MuForm::Localizer versions through 0.05 for Perl execute Perl from a message catalog header, reached at an arbitrary path because load_lexicon interpolates the language attribute into the catalog filename. load_lexicon builds the catalog path by appendi…
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High 8.5
calibre: Bypass of Python template restrictions via nested `template()` leading to RCE
calibre is an e-book manager. Prior to 9.12.0, calibre processes attacker-controlled composite_template metadata from a malicious EPUB, OPF, PDF, or similar file through program: and a nested template() call whose formatter does not inherit allow_python_templ…
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High 7.8
Faker: helpers.fake exploitable into arbritary code execution
Faker generates massive amounts of fake data in the browser and Node.js. Prior to 10.5.0, the faker.helpers.fake method in src/modules/helpers/eval.ts allows attacker-controlled fake templates to access the Function constructor through fakeEval.resolvePropert…
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High 8.8
Perspective 5.0.0 RCE via eval() Expression Injection
Perspective 5.0.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands by submitting crafted expression strings to the PolarsVirtualServer backend, which passes client-supplied inp…
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High 7.5
datamodel-code-generator vulnerable to code injection via `x-python-import` / `customTypePath` in generated import statements
datamodel-code-generator generates Pydantic v2 models, dataclasses, TypedDict, and msgspec.Struct from OpenAPI, JSON Schema, GraphQL, Avro, Protobuf, and raw JSON, YAML, or CSV. From 0.11.6 until 0.64.0, datamodel-code-generator allows attacker-controlled x-p…
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High 8.6
WordPress Coding Standards (WordPressCS) contains an arbitrary code execution vulnerability
WordPress Coding Standards is a set of PHP_CodeSniffer rules (sniffs) that enforce WordPress coding conventions. From 0.14.1 until 3.4.1, the WordPress.WP.EnqueuedResourceParameters sniff (active in the WordPress and WordPress-Extra rulesets) reconstructed th…
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High 7.8
NLTK < 3.9.3 Eval Injection via collocations.py Command-Line Arguments
NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) before version 3.9.3 contains an eval injection vulnerability in the nltk.collocations module that allows an attacker who controls command-line arguments to execute arbitrary Python code. When collocations.py is invoked directl…
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High 8.6
Authenticated RCE via Malicious eTemplate Upload in EGroupware
In egroupware version 26.0 and earlier, an authenticated administrator can achieve OS-level Remote Code Execution (RCE) by uploading a malicious eTemplate XML file (`.xet`) to the VFS `/etemplates` mount. The `Widget::expand_name()` method passes template wid…
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High —
MantisBT: Remote Code Execution via eval() Class Hoisting in adm_config_set.php
MantisBT 2.28.3 and earlier contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the admin "Manage Configuration" feature (adm_config_set.php). When setting a configuration value with a non-string type (integer, float, complex), the value is passed through Confi…
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High 7.8
PraisonAI before 4.6.78 Code Injection via API deployment generator
PraisonAI before 4.6.78 fails to safely encode deployment configuration values when generating Python source code for API servers. Attackers can inject arbitrary Python expressions through the deploy.api.host and agents_file configuration parameters that exec…
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High 8.8
DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl are vulnerable to code injection via caller-influenced Profile
DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl are vulnerable to code injection via caller-influenced Profile. When a string is assigned to a DBI handle's Profile attribute, DBI splits it into path, package and arguments, and interpolates the package part in a string eva…
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High 8.1
picklescan - Remote Code Execution via Undetected idlelib.calltip.Calltip.fetch_tip
picklescan before 0.0.29 fails to detect malicious idlelib.calltip.Calltip.fetch_tip calls in pickle files, allowing remote code execution. Attackers can embed undetected payloads in pickle files that execute arbitrary code when loaded via pickle.load().
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High —
Karate Mock Server RCE via embedded expression evaluation of request-derived data
### Summary Karate Mock Server can execute embedded expressions found in attacker-controlled HTTP request data when a Mock Server feature assigns request-derived values such as `request`, `requestHeaders`, or `requestParams` to variables. In affected scenario…
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High 7.1
picklescan - Scanning Bypass via Dynamic Eval in scan_pytorch
picklescan before 1.0.3 contains a scanning bypass vulnerability in the scan_pytorch function that allows attackers to embed malicious magic numbers via dynamic eval using the __reduce__ trick. Attackers can craft malicious PyTorch payloads that evade pickles…
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High 7.3
Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Python Omni-Completion
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0561, the Python omni-completion script in python3complete.vim for Vim with the +python3 interpreter enabled (and the legacy pythoncomplete.vim for builds with the +python interpreter) exec…
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High 7.1
Markdown Preview Enhanced 0.8.x Code Injection via WaveDrom Rendering
Markdown Preview Enhanced 0.8.x with crossnote engine 0.9.28 contains a code injection vulnerability in the WaveDrom rendering pipeline that allows attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript by embedding malicious content in a wavedrom fenced code block within…
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High 8.8
Markdown Preview Enhanced Arbitrary Code Execution via WaveDrom eval()
Markdown Preview Enhanced before 0.8.28 parses WaveDrom diagrams by evaluating untrusted markdown content with eval(), allowing arbitrary JavaScript execution. The flaw affects every render path - the live preview (window.eval) and presentation mode plus HTML…
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High 8.4
Command injection in Profile change function
In Teltonika Networks RUTOS devices, running versions 7.22 through 7.23.2 and TSWOS devices running versions 1.09 through 1.09.1, due to unsafe calls to an eval function in rpc-profile, a vulnerability exists where a lower privileged user could perform comman…