Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
-
Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
-
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
200 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
High 7.5CVE-2025-34079 Public exploit
NSClient++ Authenticated Remote Code Execution via ExternalScripts API
An authenticated remote code execution vulnerability exists in NSClient++ version 0.5.2.35 when the web interface and ExternalScripts module are enabled. A remote attacker with the administrator password can authenticate to the web interface (default port 844…
-
High 7.2
Remote Code Execution
Remote Code Execution in API component in Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile 12.5.0.0 and prior on unspecified platforms allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted API requests.
KEV May 19, 2025 -
High 8.3CVE-2025-3776 Public exploit
Verification SMS with TargetSMS <= 1.5 - Unauthenticated Limited Remote Code Execution
The Verification SMS with TargetSMS plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to limited Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 1.5 via the 'targetvr_ajax_handler' function. This is due to a lack of validation on the type of function that can be…
-
High 8.8CVE-2025-31722 Public exploit
Jenkins Templating Engine Plugin Vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution
In Jenkins Templating Engine Plugin 2.5.3 and earlier, libraries defined in folders are not subject to sandbox protection, allowing attackers with Item/Configure permission to execute arbitrary code in the context of the Jenkins controller JVM.
-
High 7.3CVE-2025-1550 Public exploit
Arbitrary Code Execution via Crafted Keras Config for Model Loading
The Keras Model.load_model function permits arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True, through a manually constructed, malicious .keras archive. By altering the config.json file within the archive, an attacker can specify arbitrary Python modules and…
-
High 8.8
GeoVision GV-ASWeb with the version 6.1.2.0 or less (fixed in 6.2.0), contains a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerabil…
-
High 7.3CVE-2024-13346 Public exploit
Avada Theme <= 7.11.13 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
The Avada | Website Builder For WordPress & WooCommerce theme for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 7.11.13. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly va…
-
High 8.8CVE-2024-12471 Public exploit
Post Saint: ChatGPT, GPT4, DALL-E, Stable Diffusion, Pexels, Dezgo AI Text & Image Generator <= 1.3.1 - Missing Authorization to Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File Upload
The Post Saint: ChatGPT, GPT4, DALL-E, Stable Diffusion, Pexels, Dezgo AI Text & Image Generator plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary files uploads due to a missing capability check and file type validation on the add_image_to_library AJAX action f…
-
High 8.7
Laravel Pulse Allows Remote Code Execution via Unprotected Query Method
Laravel Pulse is a real-time application performance monitoring tool and dashboard for Laravel applications. A vulnerability has been discovered in Laravel Pulse prior to version 1.3.1 that could allow remote code execution through the public `remember()` met…
-
High 7.8CVE-2024-50804 Public exploit
Insecure Permissions vulnerability in Micro-star International MSI Center Pro 2.1.37.0 allows a local attacker to execu…
-
High 7.1
Nexus Repository 2 - Remote Code Execution
A Remote Code Execution vulnerability has been discovered in Sonatype Nexus Repository 2. This issue affects Nexus Repository 2 OSS/Pro versions up to and including 2.15.1.
-
High 7.3CVE-2024-10958 Public exploit
WP Photo Album Plus <= 8.8.08.007 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via getshortcodedrenderedfenodelay
The The WP Photo Album Plus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution via getshortcodedrenderedfenodelay AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 8.8.08.007 . This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action t…
-
High 8.1
Moodle: remote code execution via calculated question types
A flaw was found in Moodle. Additional restrictions are required to avoid a remote code execution risk in calculated question types. Note: This requires the capability to add/update questions.
-
High 7.3CVE-2024-50450 Public exploit
WordPress MDTF – Meta Data and Taxonomies Filter plugin <= 1.3.3.4 - Bypass Vulnerability vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in RealMag777 MDTF wp-meta-data-filter-and-taxonomy-filter allows Code Injection.This issue affects MDTF: from n/a through <= 1.3.3.4.
-
High 8.3CVE-2024-50492 Public exploit
WordPress ScottCart plugin <= 1.1 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Scott Paterson ScottCart scottcart allows Code Injection.This issue affects ScottCart: from n/a through <= 1.1.
-
High 7.2CVE-2024-9162 Public exploit
All-in-One WP Migration and Backup <= 7.86 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Arbitrary PHP Code Injection
The All-in-One WP Migration and Backup plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary PHP Code Injection due to missing file type validation during the export in all versions up to, and including, 7.86. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, wit…
-
High 8.3
Time Clock <= 1.2.2 & Time Clock Pro <= 1.1.4 - Unauthenticated (Limited) Remote Code Execution
The Time Clock plugin and Time Clock Pro plugin for WordPress are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in versions up to, and including, 1.2.2 (for Time Clock) and 1.1.4 (for Time Clock Pro) via the 'etimeclockwp_load_function_callback' function. This allows u…
-
High 7.3
WP Popup Builder – Popup Forms and Marketing Lead Generation <= 1.3.5 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via wp_ajax_nopriv_shortcode_Api_Add
The The WP Popup Builder – Popup Forms and Marketing Lead Generation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution via the wp_ajax_nopriv_shortcode_Api_Add AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.5. This is due to the softw…
-
High 7.2
Remote code execution via Log Poisoning in Cacti
Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. An admin user can create a device with a malicious hostname containing php code and repeat the installation process (completing only step 5 of the installation process is enough, no need to c…
-
High 7.3CVE-2024-44623 Public exploit
An issue in TuomoKu SPx-GC v.1.3.0 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the child_process.…
-
High 8.8CVE-2024-45846 Public exploit
MindsDB Eval Injection vulnerability
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.10.3.0 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when the Weaviate integration is installed on the server. If a specially crafted ‘SELECT WHERE’ clause containing Python code is run against a datab…
-
High 8.1CVE-2024-7627 Public exploit
Bit File Manager 6.0 - 6.5.5 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Race Condition
The Bit File Manager plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in versions 6.0 to 6.5.5 via the 'checkSyntax' function. This is due to writing a temporary file to a publicly accessible directory before performing file validation. This makes …
-
High 8.8
Apache OFBiz: Prevent use of URLs in files when loading them from Java or Groovy, leading to a RCE
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF), Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Apache OFBiz. This issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 18.12.16. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 18.12.16, which fixes the issue.
-
High 8.0CVE-2024-42845 Public exploit
An eval Injection vulnerability in the component invesalius/reader/dicom.py of InVesalius 3.1.99991 through 3.1.99998 a…
-
High 7.6CVE-2024-21689 Public exploit
This High severity RCE (Remote Code Execution) vulnerability CVE-2024-21689 was introduced in versions 9.1.0, 9.2.0, 9…
-
High 8.5CVE-2024-21513 Public exploit
langchain-experimental vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution
Versions of the package langchain-experimental from 0.0.15 and before 0.0.21 are vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution when retrieving values from the database, the code will attempt to call 'eval' on all values. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability an…
-
High 8.1
Remote code execution via JNDI resolution in JMX metrics collection in Kafka UI
Kafka UI is an Open-Source Web UI for Apache Kafka Management. Kafka UI API allows users to connect to different Kafka brokers by specifying their network address and port. As a separate feature, it also provides the ability to monitor the performance of Kafk…
-
High 7.2
This High severity RCE (Remote Code Execution) vulnerability was introduced in version 5.2 of Confluence Data Center an…
-
High 7.2CVE-2024-22274 Public exploit
The vCenter Server contains an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability. A malicious actor with administrative…
-
High 8.8CVE-2024-30973 Public exploit
An issue in V-SOL G/EPON ONU HG323AC-B with firmware version V2.0.08-210715 allows an attacker to execute arbtirary cod…
-
High 7.6
Flowise vulnerable to code injection via api/v1
An issue in FlowiseAI Inc Flowise v.1.6.2 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted script to the api/v1 component.
-
High 7.6CVE-2024-29399 Public exploit
An issue was discovered in GNU Savane v.3.13 and before, allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code and escalat…
-
High 7.8CVE-2024-25376 Public exploit
An issue discovered in Thesycon Software Solutions Gmbh & Co. KG TUSBAudio MSI-based installers before 5.68.0 allows a …
-
High 7.2CVE-2024-22722 Public exploit
Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in Form Tools 3.1.1 allows attackers to run arbitrary commands via …
-
High 8.4CVE-2024-23727 Public exploit
The YI Smart Kami Vision com.kamivision.yismart application through 1.0.0_20231219 for Android allows a remote attacker…
-
High 8.8CVE-2024-28116 Public exploit
Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) with Grav CMS security sandbox bypass
Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Grav CMS prior to version 1.7.45 is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI), which allows any authenticated user (editor permissions are sufficient) to execute arbitrary code on the re…
-
High 7.5CVE-2023-51770 Public exploit
Apache DolphinScheduler: Arbitrary File Read Vulnerability
Arbitrary File Read Vulnerability in Apache Dolphinscheduler. This issue affects Apache DolphinScheduler: before 3.2.1. We recommend users to upgrade Apache DolphinScheduler to version 3.2.1, which fixes the issue.
-
High 8.8
Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
-
High 8.8CVE-2024-22514 Public exploit
An issue discovered in iSpyConnect.com Agent DVR 5.1.6.0 allows attackers to run arbitrary files by restoring a crafted…
-
High 8.8CVE-2024-22899 Public exploit
Vinchin Backup & Recovery v7.2 was discovered to contain an authenticated remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability via…