Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
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Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
1,737 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.5
pf4j vulnerable to remote code execution via the zippluginPath parameter
An issue in pf4j pf4j v.3.9.0 and before allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information and execute arbitrary code via the zippluginPath parameter.
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High 7.5
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High 7.8
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High 7.2
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High 8.1
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High —
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High 7.1
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High 7.8
Code Injection vulnerability in SAP PowerDesigner
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High 8.0
WP Ultimate CSV Importer <= 7.9.8 - Authenticated (Author+) Remote Code Execution
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High 8.0
WP Ultimate CSV Importer <= 7.9.8 - Authenticated (Author+) PHP File Creation to Remote Code Execution
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High 8.8CVE-2023-36542 Public exploit
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High 7.5
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High 8.2
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High 7.6
Python code execution sandbox escape in non-docker version in Auto-GPT
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High 8.1CVE-2023-37273 Public exploit
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High 8.8
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High 8.8CVE-2023-33157 EPSS 38%
Microsoft SharePoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
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High 8.8
PiiGAB M-Bus Code Injection
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High 8.6CVE-2023-30990 Public exploit
IBM i command execution
IBM i 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, and 7.5 could allow a remote attacker to execute CL commands as QUSER, caused by an exploitation of DDM architecture. IBM X-Force ID: 254036.
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High 8.0
AWS data.all vulnerable to RCE through user injection of Python Commands
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High 8.0
Code Injection in fossbilling/fossbilling
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High 8.1
Insecure sandbox in Backstage Scaffolder plugin
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High 7.1
Attackers with access to the "documentconverterws" API were able to inject serialized Java objects, that were not prope…
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High 7.2
An issue discovered in Pluck CMS v.4.7.10-dev2 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary php code via the hidden pa…
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High 8.8
Grav vulnerable to Server-side Template Injection (SSTI) via Denylist Bypass
Grav is a flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.42, the denylist introduced in commit 9d6a2d to prevent dangerous functions from being executed via injection of malicious templates was insufficient and could be easily subverted in multiple…
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High 8.8
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High 7.8
A CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability exists that could cause execution of …
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Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
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High 8.1CVE-2023-3224 EPSS 59%
Code Injection in nuxt/nuxt
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High 7.2
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High 8.8
Apache NiFi: Potential Code Injection with Database Services using H2
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High 7.8
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High 8.1
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High 7.2
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High 7.8CVE-2023-33733 Public exploit
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High 7.8
An issue was discovered in South River Technologies TitanFTP NextGen server that allows for a vertical privilege escala…
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High 8.4
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High 7.2
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High 7.1CVE-2023-2859 Public exploit
Code Injection in nilsteampassnet/teampass
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High 8.8CVE-2023-32697 Public exploit
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