Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
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Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
1,733 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.7
IBM Maximo Application Suite - Location Service for Esri Component Code Execution
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High 7.2
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High 8.8
Craft CMS 4.0.0 before 4.18.7 and 5.0.0 before 5.10.14 RCE via actionCacheUpdates Behavior Injection
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High 8.8
CVE-2026-107248
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High 8.8
CVE-2026-103535
Thelia v2.6.1 contains path traversal and PHP code injection vulnerabilities in its translation editor that can be chained to achieve remote code execution. The `item_name` parameter, used to build the translation file's write path, does not sanitize director…
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High 8.8
LogicalDOC Community Edition through 9.3 Code Injection via Velocity sendAsEmail Template
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High 8.1
WordPress Everest Backup plugin <= 2.3.13 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Everest Backup <= 2.3.13 versions.
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High 7.5
WordPress Thank You Page Customizer for WooCommerce plugin <= 1.2.3 - Content Injection vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in VillaTheme Thank You Page Customizer for WooCommerce woo-thank-you-page-customizer allows Code Injection.This issue affects Thank You Page Customizer for WooCommerce: from n/a through …
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High 7.2
Fastcache by Host.it <= 1.7.4 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Code Injection via .htaccess Directive Injection via 'cache_cookie_exclude' Setting
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High 8.2
Tina: Code injection via unescaped Git branch name in generated client source
Tina is a headless content management system. Prior to 3.0.0, @tinacms/cli reads Git branch values from VERCEL_GIT_COMMIT_REF, GITHUB_BRANCH, or HEAD, incorporates the raw value into the API URL, and interpolates that URL into JavaScript string literals in pa…
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High 7.2CVE-2026-104082 Public exploit
SmarterMail < Build 9777 SysAdmin Remote Code Execution via Volume Mount
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High 8.4
SumatraPDF: Markup/command-link injection into UI notification text
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High 8.8
Cisco License On-Prem Security Hardening Release
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High 7.2
WP Coder 4.0 - 4.5.1 - Editor+ RCE via Global PHP
The WP Coder WordPress plugin before 4.5.2 does not restrict access to its PHP code-execution feature to administrators, gating it on a content capability that the Editor role holds by default, which allows Editor-level users to save and execute arbitrary PHP…
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High 8.8
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper control of code generation.
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High 7.5
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in code.
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High 8.5
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper control of code generation.
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High 8.1
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper control of generation of code.
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High 8.1
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('Code Injection'), aka improper control of code generation.
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High 8.8
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('Code Injection') related to improper input validation.
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High 8.8
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to an incomplete blocklist in the code security scanner.
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High 8.8
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in code, resulting in a sandbox escape.
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High 7.7
Backstage: Improper validation of MkDocs theme configuration in TechDocs
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High 7.2
Authenticated Remote Code Execution Vulnerabilities in HPE Networking ClearPass Policy Manager
Remote code execution vulnerabilities exist in the affected interface of HPE Networking ClearPass Policy Manager that could allow an authenticated remote attacker with high privileges to execute arbitrary code. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker …
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High 7.8
Hydra logging configuration permits unsafe callable resolution
Hydra is a framework for elegantly configuring complex applications. Prior to 1.3.6 and 1.4.0.dev9, Hydra passes Python logging configuration to logging.config.dictConfig() without applying Hydra's target policy to handler class values or formatter, filter, h…
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High 7.3
Code injection in ReaderMode in Google Chrome on on iOS prior to 155.0.8059.39 allowed a remote attacker leveraging soc…
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High 8.1
Payload: Remote Code Execution through first-register
Payload is a free and open source headless content management system. In versions before 3.90.0 and canary versions before 4.0.0-canary.34, a crafted request to the public first-register operation can execute code remotely when local authentication is enabled…
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High 8.4
openapi-python-client: Malicious OpenAPI Documents can cause Arbitrary Code Generation
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High 8.8
Kiota: Code injection through doc-comment delimiter reformation in Kiota Java and PHP generators
Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. From 0.5.0 until 1.35.0, Kiota's Java and PHP documentation-comment sanitizers delete block-comment terminators rather than neutralizing them, allowing overlapping characters to reform a terminator and pla…
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High 8.1CVE-2026-82531 Public exploit
Smarty before 4.5.8 and 5.x before 5.8.5 PHP Code Injection via extends: Inheritance Cache
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High 8.0
WordPress Tabs plugin <= 2.5 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Editor Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Tabs <= 2.5 versions.
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High 7.7
Immich: Authenticated SVG upload reaches ImageMagick coders and enables RCE
Immich is a high-performance self-hosted photo and video management solution. Prior to 3.2.4, an authenticated non-admin user could upload SVG files that thumbnail-generation code in server/src/repositories/media.repository.ts passed to libvips. Files that by…
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High 7.2
Ghost: Remote Code Execution via Theme Translation Files
Ghost is a Node.js content management system. From 6.10.3 until 6.64.0, a vulnerability in how Ghost loads theme translation files allowed an authenticated Administrator to execute arbitrary code on the server via a crafted theme. This issue is fixed in versi…
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High 8.8
Ghost: Remote Code Execution via Bookmark Card Images
Ghost is a Node.js content management system. From 6.56.0 until 6.67.0, an image processing library bundled with Ghost contained a vulnerability in its SVG handling. Any staff user, including Contributors, could create a bookmark card for an attacker-controll…
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High 7.8
auto-changelog: code execution via untrusted in-repository configuration (handlebarsSetup/plugins), plus argument injection, path traversal, and SSRF
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High 8.4
Mitel MiVoice Office 400 Music on Hold WAV File Upload Code Execution
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High 8.8
Paid Membership Plugin, Ecommerce, User Registration Form, Login Form, User Profile & Restrict Content <= 4.17.4 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Sensitive Information Exposure via Shortcode Injection via Nickname and Biographical Info Profile Fields
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High 8.8CVE-2026-104851 Public exploit
fsspec: Server-Side Template Injection in ReferenceFileSystem leads to Remote Code Execution
fsspec is a specification and Python implementation framework for filesystem interfaces. From 0.9.0 until 2026.6.0, fsspec.implementations.reference.ReferenceFileSystem evaluates fields from Kerchunk reference JSON documents through unrestricted jinja2.Templa…
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High 7.2
Ghost from 6.10.3 before 6.64.0 RCE via Theme Translation Files
Ghost from 6.10.3 before 6.64.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows authenticated administrators to run code by abusing theme translation file loading. Attackers with administrator access can upload a crafted theme containing malicious …
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High 7.2
CTX Feed Pro <= 7.6.12 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Remote Code Execution
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