Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
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Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
5,297 results · Feed
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Medium 4.3
code-projects Simple Laundry System Parameter modmemberinfo.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Simple Laundry System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /modmemberinfo.php of the component Parameter Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument userid results in cross site scriptin…
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Medium 4.3
code-projects Simple Laundry System Parameter modifymember.php cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in code-projects Simple Laundry System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /modifymember.php of the component Parameter Handler. This manipulation of the argument firstName causes cross site scripting. The attack can be initiat…
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Medium 4.3
badlogic pi-mono SVG Artifact SvgArtifact.ts cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in badlogic pi-mono 0.58.4. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file packages/web-ui/src/tools/artifacts/SvgArtifact.ts of the component SVG Artifact Handler. This manipulation causes cross site scripting. Remote …
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Medium 6.5
Paid Membership Plugin, Ecommerce, User Registration Form, Login Form, User Profile & Restrict Content – ProfilePress <= 4.16.11 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via Checkout Billing Fields
The Paid Membership Plugin, Ecommerce, User Registration Form, Login Form, User Profile & Restrict Content – ProfilePress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 4.16.11. This is due to the plu…
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High 8.7CVE-2026-28797 Public exploit
RAGFlow: Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Agent "Text Processing" Component
RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In versions 0.24.0 and prior, a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in RAGFlow's Agent workflow Text Processing (StringTransform) and Message components. These compo…
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Low 3.5
Casdoor dangerouslySetInnerHTML cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in Casdoor 2.356.0. This affects the function dangerouslySetInnerHTML. Performing a manipulation of the argument formCss/formCssMobile/formSideHtml results in cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The …
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High 8.3
dbgate-web: Stored XSS in applicationIcon leads to potential RCE in Electron due to unsafe renderer configuration
DbGate is cross-platform database manager. From version 7.0.0 to before version 7.1.5, a stored XSS vulnerability exists in DbGate because attacker-controlled SVG icon strings are rendered as raw HTML without sanitization. In the web UI this allows script exe…
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Low 3.5
krayin laravel-crm Activities Module/Notes inbox.spec.ts composeMail cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2. Impacted is the function composeMail of the file packages/Webkul/Admin/tests/e2e-pw/tests/mail/inbox.spec.ts of the component Activities Module/Notes Module. The manipulation leads to cross site …
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Low 3.5
Xiaopi Panel WAF Firewall demo.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in Xiaopi Panel 1.0.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /demo.php of the component WAF Firewall. The manipulation of the argument param leads to cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possi…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-2701 EPSS 55%
RCE vulnerability in Progress ShareFile Storage Zones Controller (SZC)
Authenticated user can upload a malicious file to the server and execute it, which leads to remote code execution.
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Low 3.5
SourceCodester Simple Customer Relationship Management System Create Ticket create-ticket.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in SourceCodester Simple Customer Relationship Management System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /create-ticket.php of the component Create Ticket. This manipulation of the argument Description causes…
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High 7.2
Spam Protect for Contact Form 7 < 1.2.10 - Editor+ Remote Code Execution
The Spam Protect for Contact Form 7 WordPress plugin before 1.2.10 allows logging to a PHP file, which could allow an attacker with editor access to achieve Remote Code Execution by using a crafted header
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Medium 4.3
itsourcecode Payroll Management System navbar.php cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in itsourcecode Payroll Management System up to 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /navbar.php. Such manipulation of the argument page leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack …
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High 8.8
Libinput: libinput: unauthorized code execution and information disclosure through lua bytecode plugins
A flaw was found in libinput. A local attacker who can place a specially crafted Lua bytecode file in certain system or user configuration directories can bypass security restrictions. This allows the attacker to run unauthorized code with the same permission…
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Critical 9.8
MetInfo CMS Unauthenticated PHP Code Injection RCE
MetInfo CMS versions 7.9, 8.0, and 8.1 contain an unauthenticated PHP code injection vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending crafted requests with malicious PHP code. Attackers can exploit insufficient input neutralizat…
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Medium 4.3
code-projects Simple Laundry System Parameter delstaffinfo.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was detected in code-projects Simple Laundry System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /delstaffinfo.php of the component Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument userid results in cross site scripting. The attack may be …
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Low 3.5
welovemedia FFmate Webhook AppJsonTreeView.vue cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in welovemedia FFmate up to 2.0.15. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /ui/app/components/AppJsonTreeView.vue of the component Webhook Handler. The manipulation leads to cross site scrip…
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Low 3.5
bufanyun HotGo editNotice Endpoint MessageList.vue cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in bufanyun HotGo 1.0/2.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /web/src/layout/components/Header/MessageList.vue of the component editNotice Endpoint. Executing a manipulation can lead to cross…
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Low 3.5
z-9527 admin Message Create Endpoint message.js cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in z-9527 admin 1.0/2.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /server/routes/message.js of the component Message Create Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated…
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Low 3.5
gougucms Record Endpoint record.html cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in gougucms 4.08.18. This impacts an unknown function of the file \gougucms-master\app\admin\view\user\record.html of the component Record Endpoint. Performing a manipulation of the argument value.content results in cross site script…
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High 7.2
XenForo Remote Code Execution via Authenticated Admin
XenForo before 2.3.9 and before 2.2.18 allows remote code execution (RCE) by authenticated, but malicious, admin users. An attacker with admin panel access can execute arbitrary code on the server.
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High 8.8
XenForo Template Method Call Restriction Bypass
XenForo before 2.3.7 does not properly restrict methods callable from within templates. A loose prefix match was used instead of a stricter first-word match for methods accessible through callbacks and variable method calls in templates, potentially allowing …
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Critical 9.8
There is an injection vulnerability in jeecg boot versions 3.0.0 to 3.5.3 due to lax character filtering, which allows …
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Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered in DedeCMS 5.7.118 allowing attackers to execute code via crafted setup tag values in a module …
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Medium 4.3
code-projects BloodBank Managing System admin_state.php cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in code-projects BloodBank Managing System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /admin_state.php. The manipulation of the argument statename leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the atta…
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High 8.6
SiYuan: Stored XSS in imported .sy.zip content leads to arbitrary command execution
SiYuan is a personal knowledge management system. Prior to version 3.6.2, a vulnerability allows crafted block attribute values to bypass server-side attribute escaping when an HTML entity is mixed with raw special characters. An attacker can embed a maliciou…
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Critical 9.1
SiYuan: Stored XSS in Attribute View gallery/kanban cover rendering allows arbitrary command execution in the desktop client
SiYuan is a personal knowledge management system. Prior to version 3.6.2, an attacker who can place a malicious URL in an Attribute View mAsse field can trigger stored XSS when a victim opens the Gallery or Kanban view with “Cover From -> Asset Field” enabled…
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High 8.1CVE-2026-4800 Public exploit
lodash vulnerable to Code Injection via `_.template` imports key names
The fix for CVE-2021-23337 added validation for the variable option in _.template but did not apply the same validation to options.imports key names, and both paths flow into the same Function() constructor sink. When an application passes untrusted input as …
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Leave Application System User Management cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in SourceCodester Leave Application System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component User Management Handler. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launch…
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Critical 9.2
Zebra node crash — V5 transaction hash panic (P2P reachable)
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.3.0 and zebra-chain version 6.0.1, a vulnerability in Zebra's transaction processing logic allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause a Zebra node to panic (crash). This is trig…
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High 7.1
Ruby LSP has arbitrary code execution through branch setting
Ruby LSP is an implementation of the language server protocol for Ruby. Prior to Shopify.ruby-lsp version 0.10.2 and ruby-lsp version 0.26.9, the rubyLsp.branch VS Code workspace setting was interpolated without sanitization into a generated Gemfile, allowing…
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Critical 9.8
Everest Forms Pro <= 1.9.12 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Calculation Field
The Everest Forms Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via PHP Code Injection in all versions up to, and including, 1.9.12. This is due to the Calculation Addon's process_filter() function concatenating user-submitted form field val…
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Medium 4.3
code-projects Online Food Ordering System Order order.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in code-projects Online Food Ordering System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /form/order.php of the component Order Module. Such manipulation of the argument cust_id leads to cross site scripting. The attack may…
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Critical 9.8
Contact Form by Supsystic <= 1.7.36 - Unauthenticated Server-Side Template Injection via Prefill Functionality
The Contact Form by Supsystic plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.36. This is due to the plugin using the Twig `Twig_Loader_String` templa…
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High 7.5
Tautulli: RCE via eval() sandbox bypass using lambda nested scope to escape co_names whitelist check
Tautulli is a Python based monitoring and tracking tool for Plex Media Server. Prior to version 2.17.0, the str_eval() function in notification_handler.py implements a sandboxed eval() for notification text templates. The sandbox attempts to restrict callable…
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Low 2.4
code-projects Exam Form Submission update_fst.php cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_fst.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument sname can lead to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attac…
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Critical 9.8
In its design for automatic terminal command execution, HAI Build Code Generator offers two options: Execute safe comma…
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Critical 9.8
DSAI-Cline's command auto-approval module contains a critical OS command injection vulnerability that renders its white…
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Critical 9.8
Syntx's command auto-approval module contains a critical OS command injection vulnerability that renders its whitelist …
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Critical 9.8
In its design for automatic terminal command execution, SakaDev offers two options: Execute safe commands and execute a…