Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
-
Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
-
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
5,297 results · Feed
-
Critical 9.1
WordPress Nelio AB Testing plugin <= 8.2.7 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Nelio Software Nelio AB Testing nelio-ab-testing allows Code Injection.This issue affects Nelio AB Testing: from n/a through <= 8.2.7.
-
Critical 9.9
WordPress JetFormBuilder plugin <= 3.5.6.1 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in jetmonsters JetFormBuilder jetformbuilder allows Code Injection.This issue affects JetFormBuilder: from n/a through <= 3.5.6.1.
-
Critical 9.9
WordPress Total Poll Lite plugin <= 4.12.0 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in TotalSuite Total Poll Lite totalpoll-lite allows Remote Code Inclusion.This issue affects Total Poll Lite: from n/a through <= 4.12.0.
-
Critical 9.1
WordPress Widget Wrangler plugin <= 2.3.9 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Jonathan Daggerhart Widget Wrangler widget-wrangler allows Code Injection.This issue affects Widget Wrangler: from n/a through <= 2.3.9.
-
Critical 9.9
WordPress Woody ad snippets plugin <= 2.7.1 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Themeisle Woody ad snippets insert-php allows Code Injection.This issue affects Woody ad snippets: from n/a through <= 2.7.1.
-
High 8.5
WordPress Post Snippets plugin <= 4.0.12 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Saad Iqbal Post Snippets post-snippets allows Remote Code Inclusion.This issue affects Post Snippets: from n/a through <= 4.0.12.
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-26831 Public exploit
textract is vulnerable to OS Command Injection
textract through 2.5.0 is vulnerable to OS Command Injection via the file path parameter in multiple extractors. When processing files with malicious filenames, the filePath is passed directly to child_process.exec() in lib/extractors/doc.js, rtf.js, dxf.js, …
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-26830 Public exploit
pdf-image has an OS Command Injection Vulnerability through its pdfFilePath parameter
pdf-image (npm package) through version 2.0.0 allows OS command injection via the pdfFilePath parameter. The constructGetInfoCommand and constructConvertCommandForPage functions use util.format() to interpolate user-controlled file paths into shell command st…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-26833 Public exploit
thumbler allows OS Command Injection
thumbler through 1.1.2 allows OS command injection via the input, output, time, or size parameter in the thumbnail() function because user input is concatenated into a shell command string passed to child_process.exec() without proper sanitization or escaping.
-
Medium 6.5
Vikunja Desktop vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via same-window navigation
Vikunja is an open-source self-hosted task management platform. Starting in version 0.21.0 and prior to version 2.2.0, the Vikunja Desktop Electron wrapper enables `nodeIntegration` in the main BrowserWindow and does not restrict same-window navigations. An a…
-
Medium 6.5
Vikunja Desktop: Any frontend XSS escalates to Remote Code Execution due to nodeIntegration
Vikunja is an open-source self-hosted task management platform. Starting in version 0.21.0 and prior to version 2.2.0, the Vikunja Desktop Electron wrapper enables `nodeIntegration` in the renderer process without `contextIsolation` or `sandbox`. This means a…
-
High 8.8CVE-2026-33310 Public exploit
Intake has a Command Injection via shell() Expansion in Parameter Defaults
Intake is a package for finding, investigating, loading and disseminating data. Prior to version 2.0.9, the shell() syntax within parameter default values appears to be automatically expanded during the catalog parsing process. If a catalog contains a paramet…
-
Critical 10.0CVE-2026-33309 EPSS 14%
Langflow has an Arbitrary File Write (RCE) via v2 API
Langflow is a tool for building and deploying AI-powered agents and workflows. Versions 1.2.0 through 1.8.1 have a bypass of the patch for CVE-2025-68478 (External Control of File Name), leading to the root architectural issue within `LocalStorageService` rem…
-
Critical 10.0
Arbitrary Code Execution via Crafted Bytecode in dendibakh/perf-ninja
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in dendibakh perf-ninja (labs/misc/pgo/lua modules). This vulnerability is associated with program files ldo.C. This issue affects perf-ninja.
-
Low 3.5
projectworlds Lawyer Management System lawyer_booking.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in projectworlds Lawyer Management System 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /lawyer_booking.php. The manipulation of the argument Description leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. T…
-
Low 2.4
bolo-blog Article Title article cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in bolo-blog up to 2.6.4. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /console/article/ of the component Article Title Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument articleTitle results in cross site script…
-
Critical 9.3
Critical Remote Code Execution vulnerability reported in Windchill
A critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability has been reported in PTC Windchill and PTC FlexPLM. The vulnerability may be exploited through the deserialization of untrusted data. This issue affects Windchill PDMLink: 11.0 M030, 11.1 M020, 11.2.1.0, 12…
-
High 8.8
Connect-CMS has Arbitrary Code Execution by an Authenticated User in its Code Study Plugin
Connect-CMS is a content management system. In versions on the 1.x series up to and including 1.41.0 and versions on the 2.x series up to and including 2.41.0, an authenticated user may be able to execute arbitrary code in the Code Study Plugin. Versions 1.41…
-
Low 3.5
projectworlds Lawyer Management System lawyers.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in projectworlds Lawyer Management System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /lawyers.php. The manipulation of the argument first_Name leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely.…
-
Low 2.4
code-projects Exam Form Submission update_s6.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/update_s6.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument sname can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched rem…
-
High 8.8
AVideo has PHP Code Injection via eval() in Gallery saveSort.json.php Exploitable Through CSRF Against Admin
WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 26.0, the Gallery plugin's `saveSort.json.php` endpoint passes unsanitized user input from `$_REQUEST['sections']` array values directly into PHP's `eval()` function. While the endp…
-
Low 2.4
code-projects Exam Form Submission update_s3.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s3.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument sname can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched…
-
Low 2.4
code-projects Exam Form Submission update_s4.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s4.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument sname results in cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated rem…
-
Low 2.4
code-projects Exam Form Submission update_s5.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s5.php. Such manipulation of the argument sname leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit…
-
Low 2.4
code-projects Exam Form Submission update_s2.php cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /admin/update_s2.php. This manipulation of the argument sname causes cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploi…
-
High 7.3
ReviewX – WooCommerce Product Reviews with Multi-Criteria, Reminder Emails, Google Reviews, Schema & More <= 2.2.12 - Unauthenticated Limited Remote Code Execution
The ReviewX – WooCommerce Product Reviews with Multi-Criteria, Reminder Emails, Google Reviews, Schema & More plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary method calls in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.12. This is due to insufficient input validati…
-
High 8.8CVE-2026-24516 Public exploit
DigitalOcean Droplet Agent: Command Injection via Metadata Service Endpoint
A command injection vulnerability exists in DigitalOcean Droplet Agent through 1.3.2. The troubleshooting actioner component (internal/troubleshooting/actioner/actioner.go) processes metadata from the metadata service endpoint and executes commands specified …
-
Medium 4.7
yangzongzhuan RuoYi Quartz Job job code injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in yangzongzhuan RuoYi up to 4.8.2. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /monitor/job/ of the component Quartz Job Handler. Such manipulation of the argument invokeTarget leads to code injection. It…
-
Medium 4.3
code-projects Exam Form Submission update_s1.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was detected in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s1.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument sname results in cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. T…
-
Low 2.4
Wavlink WL-WN578W2 POST Request login.cgi cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 221110. This affects an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/login.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument homepage/hostname/login_page can lead to cross site sc…
-
Medium 6.3
Foundation Agents MetaGPT operator.py code_generate code injection
A vulnerability has been found in Foundation Agents MetaGPT up to 0.8.1. This affects the function code_generate of the file metagpt/ext/aflow/scripts/operator.py. The manipulation leads to code injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The e…
-
Medium 4.3
PbootCMS Parameter MemberController.php alert_location cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in PbootCMS up to 3.2.12. This impacts the function alert_location of the file apps/home/controller/MemberController.php of the component Parameter Handler. This manipulation of the argument backurl causes cross site scripting. …
-
Medium 6.5
Task Manager <= 3.0.2 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 'task_id' Parameter
The Task Manager plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution via the 'search' AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.2. This is due to missing capability checks in the callback_search() function and insufficient input va…
-
Medium 5.6
Contact Form, Survey, Quiz & Popup Form Builder – ARForms <= 1.7.2 - Unauthenticated Blind Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
The The Contact Form, Survey, Quiz & Popup Form Builder – ARForms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.2. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not pr…
-
Medium 6.3
Mindinventory MindSQL mindsql_core.py ask_db code injection
A vulnerability was found in Mindinventory MindSQL up to 0.2.1. Impacted is the function ask_db of the file mindsql/core/mindsql_core.py. Performing a manipulation results in code injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made publ…
-
Critical 9.8
Kali Forms <= 2.4.9 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via form_process
The Kali Forms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.4.9 via the 'form_process' function. This is due to the 'prepare_post_data' function mapping user-supplied keys directly into internal placehold…
-
High 7.5CVE-2026-33154 Public exploit
dynaconf Affected by Remote Code Execution (RCE) via Insecure Template Evaluation in @jinja Resolver
dynaconf is a configuration management tool for Python. Prior to version 3.2.13, Dynaconf is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) due to unsafe template evaluation in the @Jinja resolver. When the jinja2 package is installed, Dynaconf evaluates…
-
Low 3.5
atjiu pybbs CommentApiController.java create cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in atjiu pybbs 6.0.0. This impacts the function create of the file src/main/java/co/yiiu/pybbs/controller/api/CommentApiController.java. The manipulation results in cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack …
-
Low 3.5
atjiu pybbs TopicApiController.java create cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in atjiu pybbs 6.0.0. This affects the function create of the file src/main/java/co/yiiu/pybbs/controller/api/TopicApiController.java. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotel…
-
Critical 9.8
Mesop Affected by Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Test Suite Route /exec-py
Mesop is a Python-based UI framework that allows users to build web applications. In versions 1.2.2 and below, an explicit web endpoint inside the ai/ testing module infrastructure directly ingests untrusted Python code strings unconditionally without authent…