Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
-
Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
-
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
5,290 results · Feed
-
High 8.8
Craft CMS 5.0.0 before 5.11.0 RCE via Twig Sandbox Behavior Injection
Craft CMS from 5.0.0 before 5.11.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows authenticated Control Panel users to escape the Twig sandbox by passing uncleansed criteria to getNext, getPrev, or getOwners. Attackers can inject Yii "as" or "on" …
-
High 8.8
Craft CMS before 4.18.8 and 5.11.0 Authenticated RCE via Twig group Filter Array-Callable
Craft CMS 4.x before 4.18.8 and 5.x before 5.11.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the Twig group filter, which invokes non-string arrow arguments as callables without the checkArrow guard used by other arrow-accepting filters. Authenticated …
-
Low 2.4
grandnode grandnode2 Product Description Product.Layout.Simple.cshtml Html.Raw cross site scripting
A vulnerability was detected in grandnode grandnode2 up to 2.3.0. Affected is the function Html.Raw of the file src/Web/Grand.Web/Views/Product/Product.Layout.Simple.cshtml of the component Product Description Handler. The manipulation results in cross site s…
-
Medium 4.3
Wuxi Wubang Security Software Five-in-One Safety Production Management Information System Upload Endpoint upload.aspx cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in Wuxi Wubang Security Software Five-in-One Safety Production Management Information System up to 3.5. This affects an unknown function of the file /FCKeditor/editor/filemanager/connectors/aspx/upload.aspx of the component Uplo…
-
Low 2.7
Expression Language Injection via User Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Arbitrary Operations
The software accepts user-supplied data without sufficient validation, allowing for the injection of malicious Expression Language (EL) code. This can lead to the execution of arbitrary operations within the affected deployment. Exploitation of this vulnerabi…
-
High 7.3
sqlparse through 0.6.0 PHP Code Injection via output_format='php'
sqlparse through 0.6.0 contains a PHP code injection vulnerability that allows attackers to inject PHP expressions by supplying SQL text containing unescaped dollar signs. Attackers can embed ${expr} or {${expr}} sequences that OutputPHPFilter places in doubl…
-
Medium 6.3
llSourcell Doctor-Dignity chat_module.py _get_lib_module code injection
A vulnerability was found in llSourcell Doctor-Dignity up to 3f2ffb6c892f13b50a708d05900d3227acb40ded. This impacts the function _get_lib_module of the file python/mlc_chat/chat_module.py. The manipulation of the argument model_lib results in code injection. …
-
High 8.8CVE-2026-83531 Public exploit
Apache Camel: Camel-Dynamic-Router Control Endpoint Compiles Predicate Expressions Supplied by Control Messages
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement ('Expression Language Injection') vulnerability in Apache Camel. This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.4.0 before…
-
Medium 6.3
AXA Group NLP.js Condition Expression Pipeline evaluator.js Evaluator.walkFunction code injection
A vulnerability was detected in AXA Group NLP.js 4.27.0. This impacts the function Evaluator.walkFunction of the file packages/evaluator/src/evaluator.js of the component Condition Expression Pipeline. The manipulation of the argument condition results in cod…
-
Medium 5.5
DeepPavlov multitask_preprocessor.py MultiTaskPipelinePreprocessor.__init__ code injection
A vulnerability was determined in DeepPavlov up to 1.7.0. This affects the function MultiTaskPipelinePreprocessor.__init__ of the file deeppavlov/models/preprocessors/multitask_preprocessor.py. This manipulation of the argument preprocessor causes code inject…
-
Critical 9.9
WordPress HivePress plugin <= 1.7.32 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in HivePress HivePress hivepress allows Remote Code Inclusion.This issue affects HivePress: from n/a through 1.7.32.
-
Medium 6.3
DeepPavlov Config Reference Resolver params.py resolve code injection
A security flaw has been discovered in DeepPavlov up to 1.7.0. Impacted is the function resolve of the file deeppavlov/core/common/params.py of the component Config Reference Resolver. The manipulation results in code injection. The attack can be launched rem…
-
Low 3.5
SourceCodester Inventory System Sales Management transactions_handler.php save_sale cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Inventory System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /api/transactions_handler.php?action=save_sale of the component Sales Management Handler. The manipulation of the argument Hsn_Code result…
-
Low 3.5
SourceCodester Inventory System Purchase Records transactions_handler.php save_purchase cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in SourceCodester Inventory System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /api/transactions_handler.php?action=save_purchase of the component Purchase Records Handler. The manipulation of the argument Product_N…
-
Low 3.5
SourceCodester Inventory System Product Management products_handler.php save cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in SourceCodester Inventory System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /api/products_handler.php?action=save of the component Product Management. Executing a manipulation of the argument Product_Id/Product_Name can lead to cros…
-
Medium 4.3
subhajitkhan online-clinic-management-system feedback.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in subhajitkhan online-clinic-management-system up to e9ee77a8827a1446220fa07ee693dc4d9a29a578. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file feedback.php. The manipulation of the argument msg leads to cross site scrip…
-
Medium 4.3
subhajitkhan online-clinic-management-system Doctor Registration doctorregistration.php echo cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in subhajitkhan online-clinic-management-system up to e9ee77a8827a1446220fa07ee693dc4d9a29a578. The affected element is the function echo of the file doctorregistration.php of the component Doctor Registration. Executing a manipulation o…
-
Medium 6.3
LlamaChinese Llama-Chinese Adapter Config chat_gradio_no_merge.py get_class_from_dynamic_module code injection
A vulnerability was found in LlamaChinese Llama-Chinese up to 6fa0fffb0dd82fe3cfaa1449ee54a5806d26ae9b. The impacted element is the function get_class_from_dynamic_module of the file examples/chat_gradio_no_merge.py of the component Adapter Config. The manipu…
-
Medium 6.3
RVC-Project Retrieval-based-Voice-Conversion-WebUI webui.py change_info_ code injection
A flaw has been found in RVC-Project Retrieval-based-Voice-Conversion-WebUI up to 2.3.260718. Impacted is the function change_info_ of the file webui.py. Executing a manipulation of the argument ckpt_path can lead to code injection. The attack can be executed…
-
Low 3.5
diem-project diem dmWidget dmBaseLinkTag.php text cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in diem-project diem up to 116974edfb9a5b8bd69cb13586dc62bcdbb485ad. This issue affects the function dmBaseLinkTag::text of the file dmCorePlugin/lib/view/html/link/dmBaseLinkTag.php of the component dmWidget. Performing a …
-
Low 2.4
diem-project diem Administrative Console actions.class.php append cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in diem-project diem up to 116974edfb9a5b8bd69cb13586dc62bcdbb485ad. Affected by this issue is the function append of the file dmAdminPlugin/modules/dmConsole/actions/actions.class.php of the component Administrative Console. The man…
-
Low 2.4
diem-project diem Version Check Service dmAdminCtrl.js html cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in diem-project diem up to 116974edfb9a5b8bd69cb13586dc62bcdbb485ad. Affected by this vulnerability is the function html of the file dmAdminPlugin/web/js/dmAdminCtrl.js of the component Version Check Service. The manipulation le…
-
Low 3.5
Chamilo LMS Ticket TicketManager.php addProject cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in Chamilo LMS up to 1.11.40/2.0.3/3.0.1. This issue affects the function TicketManager::addProject of the file main/inc/lib/TicketManager.php of the component Ticket Module. Executing a manipulation of the argument Name can lea…
-
Medium 6.3
WongKinYiu yolov9 ONNX Metadata common.py DetectMultiBackend.__init__ code injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in WongKinYiu yolov9 0.1. This vulnerability affects the function DetectMultiBackend.__init__ of the file models/common.py of the component ONNX Metadata Handler. The manipulation of the argument names/stride leads t…
-
Medium 4.3
AUTOMATIC1111 stable-diffusion-webui Extra-Networks Card Builder sd_models.py read_metadata_from_safetensors cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in AUTOMATIC1111 stable-diffusion-webui up to 1.10.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function read_metadata_from_safetensors of the file modules/sd_models.py of the component Extra-Networks Card Builder. Such manipulation…
-
Medium 6.3
AUTOMATIC1111 stable-diffusion-webui Model Instantiation sd_models.py get_obj_from_str code injection
A vulnerability was determined in AUTOMATIC1111 stable-diffusion-webui up to 1.10.1. Affected is the function get_obj_from_str of the file modules/sd_models.py of the component Model Instantiation. This manipulation of the argument Target causes code injectio…
-
Medium 4.3
AUTOMATIC1111 stable-diffusion-webui Card Builder ui_extra_networks.py create_item_html cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in AUTOMATIC1111 stable-diffusion-webui up to 1.10.1. This affects the function create_item_html of the file modules/ui_extra_networks.py of the component Card Builder. The manipulation of the argument filename leads to cross si…
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress HivePress plugin <= 1.7.32 - Content Injection vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in HivePress HivePress hivepress allows Code Injection.This issue affects HivePress: from n/a through 1.7.32.
-
Medium 4.3
hrisikeshpal Blood_Bank_Management_System abs.php cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in hrisikeshpal Blood_Bank_Management_System 1.0.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /abs.php. This manipulation of the argument Search causes cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit ha…
-
Medium 4.3
dext34-morgan Books4Cash search.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in dext34-morgan Books4Cash up to a8d3e357db75c07ac5ffbadcbaee2aeb4db3e571. This affects an unknown part of the file search.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument Search can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be…
-
Medium 5.3
THU-MIG yoloe AutoBackend Model Loading autobackend.py eval eval injection
A security flaw has been discovered in THU-MIG yoloe up to 40cd606cabdbe2b566d6f14a6b162c89206e9a1b. This affects the function eval of the file ultralytics/nn/autobackend.py of the component AutoBackend Model Loading. The manipulation of the argument imgsz/na…
-
High 8.1
User Registration & Membership <= 5.2.8 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via Referer Header via 'referrer_url' Smart Tag
The User Registration & Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in versions up to, and including, 5.2.8 This is due to insufficient input sanitization in the 'referrer_url' branch of UR_Smart_Tags::process(), where the a…
-
High 8.5
TuxGuitar: Arbitrary Code Execution via maliciously crafted `.tg` file
TuxGuitar is an open-source guitar tablature editor. Prior to 2.1.0, an untrusted .tg file can set gervil.soundbank.path to reference an on-disk archive, including the .tg file itself, whose META-INF/services/javax.sound.midi.Soundbank entry names an attacker…
-
High 8.8
Apache Kylin: JDBC URL Whitelist Verification Bypass
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Apache Kylin. Special parameter in JDBC URL can lead to code injection. Impact most to the kylin services that are directly exposed to public network, which is not common. In-house ky…
-
Medium 5.4
Paid Membership Plugin, Ecommerce, User Registration Form, Login Form, User Profile & Restrict Content <= 4.17.5 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via Comment Content Rendered on ProfilePress User Profile 'Comments' Tab
The WP User Avatar / ProfilePress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in versions up to, and including, 4.17.5. This is due to the get_user_profile_structure() function assembling the front-end profile buffer — which includes r…
-
Critical 10.0
WordPress The Grid plugin <= 2.8.1 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Theme-one The Grid the-grid allows Command Injection.This issue affects The Grid: from n/a through 2.8.1.
-
Medium 5.4
User Registration & Membership <= 5.2.8 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via display_name
The The User Registration & Membership – Free & Paid Memberships, Subscriptions, Content Restriction, User Profile, Custom User Registration & Login Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and includi…
-
Medium 5.4
Slim SEO <= 4.11.1 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 'Biographical Info' User Meta
The The Slim SEO – AI SEO Plugin, Lightweight, Fast & Automated plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 4.11.1 This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not prop…
-
Medium 6.5
Forminator Forms <= 1.58.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 's' Search Parameter and Anonymous Comment via render_block
The The Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 1.58.1. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that …
-
Medium 6.5
Forminator Forms <= 1.58.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 'User-Agent' Header and 'referer_url' Parameter via Quiz Notification Merge Tags
The Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in versions up to, and including, 1.58.1. This is due to the forminator_replace_quiz_form_data() helper invoking do_sho…