Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
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Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
5,297 results · Feed
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Medium 4.3
Portabilis i-Educar educar_usuario_det.php cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_usuario_det.php. The manipulation of the argument ref_pessoa results in cross site scripting. The attack can be exe…
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High 8.8
WP Import – Ultimate CSV XML Importer for WordPress 7.20 - 7.28 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Remote Code Execution via Code Injection
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Low 3.5
Portabilis i-Educar educar_calendario_anotacao_cad.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_calendario_anotacao_cad.php. Such manipulation of the argument nm_anotacao/descricao leads to cross site scripting. It is possible t…
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Medium 4.3
Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System index.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php?page=users. The manipulation of the argument page leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to …
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Critical 10.0
Spring Expression Language property modification using Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebFlux
Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to Spring Environment property modification. An application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true: * The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gat…
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Medium 4.3
pojoin h3blog HTTP Header login ppt_log cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in pojoin h3blog up to 5bf704425ebc11f4c24da51f32f36bb17ae20489. Affected by this issue is the function ppt_log of the file /login of the component HTTP Header Handler. Such manipulation of the argument X-Forwarded-For leads to …
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Low 2.4
IbuyuCMS Add Article article.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in IbuyuCMS up to 2.6.3. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /admin/article.php?a=mod of the component Add Article Page. The manipulation of the argument Title leads to cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be …
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Medium 4.3
itsourcecode E-Logbook with Health Monitoring System for COVID-19 POST Request check_profile.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was detected in itsourcecode E-Logbook with Health Monitoring System for COVID-19 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /stc-log-keeper/check_profile.php of the component POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argu…
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Medium 4.7
fcba_zzm ics-park Smart Park Management System Scheduled Task JobController.java code injection
A vulnerability has been found in fcba_zzm ics-park Smart Park Management System 2.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file ruoyi-quartz/src/main/java/com/ruoyi/quartz/controller/JobController.java of the component Scheduled Task Module. Such manipulati…
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Low 3.5
Selleo Mentingo Create New Course Basic Settings enroll-course cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in Selleo Mentingo 2025.08.27. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /api/course/enroll-course of the component Create New Course Basic Settings. Such manipulation of the argument Description leads to cross site…
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Medium 4.3
Yida ECMS Consulting Enterprise Management System POST Request login.do cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Yida ECMS Consulting Enterprise Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /login.do of the component POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument requestUrl results in cross site scripting. It is po…
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Low 3.5
Portabilis i-Educar educar_turma_tipo_cad.php cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_turma_tipo_cad.php. Such manipulation of the argument nm_tipo leads to cross site scripting. It is possible …
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Low 3.5
Portabilis i-Educar educar_modulo_cad.php cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_modulo_cad.php. This manipulation of the argument nm_tipo/descricao causes cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the atta…
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Low 3.5CVE-2025-10370 Public exploit
MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID userScripts.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID up to 2.8.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /htdocs/userScripts.php. The manipulation of the argument Custom script leads to cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be ca…
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Low 3.5
MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID cardRegisterNew.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID up to 2.8.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /htdocs/cardRegisterNew.php. Executing manipulation can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been p…
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Low 3.5
MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID manageFilesFolders.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID up to 2.8.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /htdocs/manageFilesFolders.php. Performing manipulation results in cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is …
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Low 3.5
MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID cardEdit.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID up to 2.8.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /htdocs/cardEdit.php. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exp…
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Low 3.5
MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID inc.setWlanIpMail.php cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in MiczFlor RPi-Jukebox-RFID up to 2.8.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /htdocs/inc.setWlanIpMail.php. This manipulation of the argument Email address causes cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The e…
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Low 3.5
WhatCD Gazelle Commit Message change_log.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in WhatCD Gazelle up to 63b337026d49b5cf63ce4be20fdabdc880112fa3. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /sections/tools/managers/change_log.php of the component Commit Message Handler. Executing manipulation of…
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Low 3.5
cdevroe unmark info.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in cdevroe unmark up to 1.9.3. Impacted is an unknown function of the file application/views/marks/info.php. Performing manipulation of the argument Title results in cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remo…
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Low 3.5
cdevroe unmark Marks.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in cdevroe unmark up to 1.9.3. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /application/controllers/Marks.php. Such manipulation of the argument Title leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely…
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Medium 4.3
cdevroe unmark searchform.php cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in cdevroe unmark up to 1.9.3. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file application/views/layouts/topbar/searchform.php. This manipulation of the argument q causes cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is pos…
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Medium 4.3
erjinzhi 10OA item cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in erjinzhi 10OA 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /trial/mvc/item. Performing manipulation of the argument Name results in cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The…
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Medium 4.3
erjinzhi 10OA catalogue cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in erjinzhi 10OA 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /trial/mvc/catalogue. This manipulation of the argument Name causes cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disc…
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Medium 4.3
erjinzhi 10OA finder cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in erjinzhi 10OA 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /trial/mvc/finder. The manipulation of the argument Name results in cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made publ…
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Critical 9.7
AIRI's character card/chat UI is vulnerable to XSS and can lead to RCE
AIRI is a self-hosted, artificial intelligence based Grok Companion. In v0.7.2-beta.2 in the `packages/stage-ui/src/components/MarkdownRenderer.vue` path, the Markdown content is processed using the useMarkdown composable, and the processed HTML is rendered d…
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Low 3.5
Ascensio System SIA OnlyOffice Comment Messages.aspx cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in Ascensio System SIA OnlyOffice up to 12.7.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /Products/Projects/Messages.aspx of the component Comment Handler. Executing manipulation can lead to cross site scripting. The attack m…
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Low 3.5
Ascensio System SIA OnlyOffice SVG Image Messages.aspx cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Ascensio System SIA OnlyOffice up to 12.7.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /Products/Projects/Messages.aspx of the component SVG Image Handler. Performing manipulation results in cross site scripting. The …
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Low 3.5
openDCIM SVG File uploadifive.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in openDCIM 23.04. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /scripts/uploadifive.php of the component SVG File Handler. Such manipulation of the argument Filedata leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be launc…
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High 8.1
Catalog Importer, Scraper & Crawler <= 5.1.4 - Unauthenticated PHP Code Injection
The Catalog Importer, Scraper & Crawler plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP code injection in all versions up to, and including, 5.1.4. This is due to reliance on a guessable numeric token (e.g. ?key= 900001705) without proper authentication, combined w…
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Low 3.5
lokibhardwaj PHP-Code-For-Unlimited-File-Upload f.php cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in lokibhardwaj PHP-Code-For-Unlimited-File-Upload up to 124fe96324915490c81eaf7db3234b0b4e4bab3c. This affects an unknown part of the file /f.php. This manipulation of the argument h causes cross site scripting. Remote exploita…
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Low 2.4
Scada-LTS Reports reports.shtm cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in Scada-LTS up to 2.7.8.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /reports.shtm of the component Reports Module. This manipulation of the argument Colour causes cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely.…
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Low 2.4
Scada-LTS Data Point Edit data_point_edit.shtm cross site scripting
A vulnerability was detected in Scada-LTS up to 2.7.8.1. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /data_point_edit.shtm of the component Data Point Edit Module. The manipulation of the argument Text Renderer properties results in cross site scripti…
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High 8.7
Claude Code vulnerable to arbitrary code execution caused by maliciously configured git email
Claude Code is an agentic coding tool. At startup, Claude Code executed a command templated in with `git config user.email`. Prior to version 1.0.105, a maliciously configured user email in git could be used to trigger arbitrary code execution before a user a…
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High 8.7
Claude Code rg command had Command Injection that allowed bypass of user approval prompt for command execution
Claude Code is an agentic coding tool. Due to an error in command parsing, versions prior to 1.0.105 were vulnerable to a bypass of the Claude Code confirmation prompt to trigger execution of an untrusted command. Reliably exploiting this requires the ability…
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High 7.0
PyInstaller has local privilege escalation vulnerability
PyInstaller bundles a Python application and all its dependencies into a single package. Due to a special entry being appended to `sys.path` during the bootstrap process of a PyInstaller-frozen application, and due to the bootstrap script attempting to load a…
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Critical 9.7
DeepChat's Mermaid rendering has XSS leading to RCE
DeepChat is a smart assistant uses artificial intelligence. Prior to version 0.3.5, in the Mermaid chart rendering component, there is a risky operation of directly using `innerHTML` to set user content. Therefore, any malicious content rendered via Mermaid w…
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High 8.0
AutomatorWP – Automator plugin for no-code automations, webhooks & custom integrations in WordPress <= 5.3.6 - Missing Authorization To Authenticated (Subscriber+) Remote Code Execution via Automation Creation
The AutomatorWP – Automator plugin for no-code automations, webhooks & custom integrations in WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the automatorwp_ajax_import_automation_from_ur…
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Medium 5.0
WP-Members Membership Plugin <= 3.5.4.2 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via Profile Names
The The WP-Members Membership Plugin plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 3.5.4.2. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value bef…
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Critical 9.9
Insecure File Operations vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver AS Java (Deploy Web Service)
SAP NetWeaver AS Java allows an attacker authenticated as a non-administrative user to use a flaw in an available service to upload an arbitrary file. This file when executed can lead to a full compromise of confidentiality, integrity and availability of the …