Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
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Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
5,299 results · Feed
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Low 3.5
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Low 3.5
code-projects Laundry System insert_laundry.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Laundry System 1.0 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /data/insert_laundry.php. The manipulation of the argument Customer leads to cross site scripting. Th…
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Medium 5.1
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Medium 5.3
Code injection vulnerability in IDF and ZLF
Code injection vulnerability in IDF v0.10.0-0C03-03 and ZLF v0.10.0-0C03-04. This vulnerability allows an attacker to store malicious payload in software that will run in the victim's browser. Exploiting this vulnerability requires authenticating to the devic…
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Low 3.5
code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System save-reported.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System 1.0. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /save-reported.php. The manipulation of the argument offence_id/vehicle_no/driv…
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Result Management System Announcement Page announcement cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in SourceCodester Student Result Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /script/academic/announcement of the component Announcement Page. The manipulation of the argument Title …
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Result Management System Division System Page division-system cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Student Result Management System 1.0. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /script/academic/division-system of the component Division System Page. The ma…
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Result Management System Grading System Page grading-system cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Student Result Management System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /script/academic/grading-system of the component Grading System Page.…
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Result Management System Subjects Page subjects cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Student Result Management System 1.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /script/academic/subjects of the component Subjects Page. The manipulation of the argument Sub…
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Result Management System Classes Page classes cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Student Result Management System 1.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /script/academic/classes of the component Classes Page. The manipulation of the argument Cla…
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Result Management System Add Academic Term terms cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in SourceCodester Student Result Management System 1.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /script/academic/terms of the component Add Academic Term. The manipulation of the argumen…
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Result Management System Profile Setting Page update_profile cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in SourceCodester Student Result Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /script/academic/core/update_profile of the component Profile Setting Page. The manipulation leads…
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Low 3.5
SoluçõesCoop iSoluçõesWEB Flow fluxos-dashboard cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in SoluçõesCoop iSoluçõesWEB up to 20250519 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /fluxos-dashboard of the component Flow Handler. The manipulation of the argument Descrição d…
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Low 2.4
code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System Setting save-settings.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /save-settings.php of the component Setting Handler. The manipulation of the argument site_name lea…
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Low 3.5
code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System saveuser.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file saveuser.php. The manipulation of the argument user_id/username/email/name/posit…
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Low 3.5
SourceCodester Food Menu Manager Add Menu index.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in SourceCodester Food Menu Manager 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php of the component Add Menu Handler. The manipulation of the argument name/…
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Low 2.4
PHPGurukul Hospital Management System POST Parameter edit-patient.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in PHPGurukul Hospital Management System 4.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /doctor/edit-patient.php?editid=2 of the component POST Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argum…
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Low 2.4
TOTOLINK X2000R Parent Controls Page cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Parent Controls Page. The manipulation of the argument Device Name leads to cro…
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Low 2.4
TOTOLINK X2000R Virtual Server Page formPortFw cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formPortFw of the component Virtual Server Page. The manipulation of the argument service_type leads …
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Low 3.5
enilu web-flash File Upload upload fileService.upload cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in enilu web-flash 1.0. This affects the function fileService.upload of the file src/main/java/cn/enilu/flash/api/controller/FileController/upload of the component File Upload. The manipulation of the a…
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High 7.3
hibernate-validator insecure default Expression Language interpolation
Hibernate Validator before 6.2.0 and 7.0.0, by default and depending how it is used, may interpolate user-supplied input in a constraint violation message with Expression Language. This could allow an attacker to access sensitive information or execute arbitr…
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Low 2.4
TOTOLINK X2000R URL Filtering Page formFilter cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108. This affects an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formFilter of the component URL Filtering Page. The manipulation of the argument URL Address leads to cro…
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Low 3.5
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A vulnerability has been found in quequnlong shiyi-blog up to 1.2.1 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /dev-api/api/comment/add. The manipulation of the argument content leads to cross site sc…
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Low 2.4
TOTOLINK A3002RU IP Port Filtering Page cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002RU 2.1.1-B20230720.1011. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component IP Port Filtering Page. The manipulation of the argument Comment leads to cross site sc…
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Low 2.4
TOTOLINK A3002RU MAC Filtering Page cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002RU 2.1.1-B20230720.1011. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component MAC Filtering Page. The manipulation of the argument Comment leads to cross si…
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High 7.2
IBM QRadar Suite Software and IBM Cloud Pak for Security code injection
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Low 2.4
TOTOLINK A3002RU NAT Mapping Page cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002RU 2.1.1-B20230720.1011. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the component NAT Mapping Page. The manipulation of the argument Comment leads to cross site scripting. It is possibl…
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Low 2.4
TOTOLINK A3002RU Virtual Server Page formPortFw cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002RU 2.1.1-B20230720.1011 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formPortFw of the component Virtual Server Page. The manipulation of the argument service_type lea…
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Critical 9.8
In Audiocodes Mediapack MP-11x through 6.60A.369.002, a crafted POST request request may result in an unauthenticated r…
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Low 3.5
juzaweb CMS Profile Page upload cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in juzaweb CMS up to 3.4.2. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /admin-cp/file-manager/upload of the component Profile Page. The manipulation of the argument Upload leads t…
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Low 3.5
Mist Community Edition Authentication Endpoint views.py login cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Mist Community Edition up to 4.7.1. Affected is the function Login of the file src/mist/api/views.py of the component Authentication Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument return_to leads to cros…
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Low 3.5
Mist Community Edition views.py tag_resources cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Mist Community Edition up to 4.7.1. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects the function tag_resources of the file src/mist/api/tag/views.py. The manipulation of the argument tag leads to cross site scripting. The att…
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Low 2.4
chaitak-gorai Blogbook register_script.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in chaitak-gorai Blogbook up to 92f5cf90f8a7e6566b576fe0952e14e1c6736513 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /register_script.php. The manipulation of the argumen…
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Low 3.5
chaitak-gorai Blogbook post.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in chaitak-gorai Blogbook up to 92f5cf90f8a7e6566b576fe0952e14e1c6736513. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /post.php. The manipulation of the argument comment_author/co…
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Low 2.4
Yifang CMS Article Management Module cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Yifang CMS up to 2.0.2 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component Article Management Module. The manipulation of the argument Default Value leads to cross site scripting. T…
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Medium 4.3
Astun Technology iShare Maps mycouncil2.aspx cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Astun Technology iShare Maps 5.4.0. This affects an unknown part of the file mycouncil2.aspx. The manipulation of the argument atTxtStreet leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate th…
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Medium 4.3
Astun Technology iShare Maps historic1.asp cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Astun Technology iShare Maps 5.4.0. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file historic1.asp. The manipulation of the argument Zoom leads to cross site scripting. The attack …
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High 8.6
FreeScout Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE)
FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.178, FreeScout is vulnerable to code injection due to insufficient validation of user input in the php_path parameter. The backticks characters are not removed, as well as tabu…
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Medium 6.3
aimhubio aim run_view Object query.py RestrictedPythonQuery privilege escalation
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in aimhubio aim up to 3.29.1. This vulnerability affects the function RestrictedPythonQuery of the file /aim/storage/query.py of the component run_view Object Handler. The manipulation of the argument Abfrage l…
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High 7.8
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