Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
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Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
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Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
5,291 results · Feed
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High 8.8
dataclasses-avroschema record documentation can terminate generated class docstrings
dataclasses-avroschema generates Avro schemas from Python dataclasses, Pydantic models, and Faust Records and generates Python code from Avro schemas. From version 0.40.0 through 0.70.5, ClassRepresentation.render_docstring copies a schema record's doc value …
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High 8.8
dataclasses-avroschema allows code injection through generated Meta.schema_name
dataclasses-avroschema generates Avro schemas from Python dataclasses, Pydantic models, and Faust Records and generates Python code from Avro schemas. From version 0.62.3 through 0.70.5, ClassRepresentation.render_metaclass inserts a schema-controlled Avro re…
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High 8.8
dataclasses-avroschema allows code injection through record names in generated default factories
dataclasses-avroschema generates Avro schemas from Python dataclasses, Pydantic models, and Faust Records and generates Python code from Avro schemas. From version 0.47.3 through 0.70.5, FieldRepresentation.get_field_default inserts a schema-controlled refere…
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High 8.8
dataclasses-avroschema allows code injection through generated field-default literals
dataclasses-avroschema generates Avro schemas from Python dataclasses, Pydantic models, and Faust Records and generates Python code from Avro schemas. From version 0.38.0 through 0.70.5, FieldRepresentation.get_field_default inserts schema-controlled string, …
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Medium 6.0
JumpServer: Ansible Automation Template Rendering Allows Unsafe Lookup Plugin Invocation
JumpServer is an open source bastion host and an operation and maintenance security audit system. Prior to 4.10.17-lts, JumpServer's Ansible-based automation rendering can evaluate attacker-controlled template expressions from users who have permission to cre…
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Critical 9.1
FearlessCMS: Remote Code Execution via Unvalidated Update Repository URL in System Updater
FearlessCMS is a flat-file content management system centered on simplicity and open source. In 0.1.2b and earlier, an authenticated administrator can set an arbitrary Git repository URL through admin/updater-handler.php and trigger perform_update, which pass…
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Medium 5.4
Fixed values in MongoDB Server $bucket stage may be misread as field references
An issue in MongoDB Server's aggregation framework can cause certain constant values to be handled incorrectly during internal query rewriting. Under certain conditions, an authenticated user with read access may receive field values in aggregation output tha…
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Critical 10.0
Salty documentation workflow executes fork-controlled Python build hooks with deployment secrets
The Salty documentation repository builds and deploys the docs.saltbox.dev website. Prior to commit 649c9aea2daef1168eeb0415b44e65dbbde9f220, .github/workflows/trigger-pr-build.yml records an untrusted fork commit in the pr_info artifact, and the secret-beari…
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High 8.8
heym Python Tool Sandbox Escape
Heym builds and runs agentic systems and business-process automations on self-hosted infrastructure. Prior to 0.0.40, an authenticated user who can create or edit a workflow with an Agent custom Python tool can bypass the blacklist-based sandbox in backend/ap…
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Medium 6.3
storyicon comfyui_segment_anything GroundingDINO Model Loading slconfig.py SLConfig._file2dict code injection
A vulnerability has been found in storyicon comfyui_segment_anything up to ab6395596399d5048639cdab7e44ec9fae857a93. Affected by this issue is the function SLConfig._file2dict of the file local_groundingdino/util/slconfig.py of the component GroundingDINO Mod…
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Medium 6.3
PaddlePaddle PaddleX Preprocessor processors.py NormalizeImage.__init__ code injection
A flaw has been found in PaddlePaddle PaddleX up to 3.7.2. Affected by this vulnerability is the function NormalizeImage.__init__ of the file paddlex/inference/models/text_detection/processors.py of the component Preprocessor. This manipulation of the argumen…
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Medium 6.3
TinyLLaVA TinyLLaVA_Factory TinyLlavaConfig configuration_tinyllava.py _load_text_config code injection
A security flaw has been discovered in TinyLLaVA TinyLLaVA_Factory up to 1abc6ac5e76a68d0fd087a071b56da968e69ca9b. The impacted element is the function _load_text_config of the file tinyllava/model/configuration_tinyllava.py of the component TinyLlavaConfig. …
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Medium 5.3
iMoonLab yolov13 AutoBackend Model Loading autobackend.py eval code injection
A vulnerability was detected in iMoonLab yolov13 up to 73289949533efac82bb5f72ec19b746618656bd2. Affected by this issue is the function eval of the file ultralytics/nn/autobackend.py of the component AutoBackend Model Loading. Performing a manipulation of the…
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Medium 4.8
repository RAE Config-Driven Model Instantiation model_utils.py get_obj_from_str code injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in repository RAE up to a4d18c4db766419cbe7cb8c02cd9f7ceb0ec9041. Affected by this vulnerability is the function get_obj_from_str of the file src/utils/model_utils.py of the component Config-Driven Model Instantiatio…
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Critical 9.9
Code Injection vulnerability in SAP S/4HANA (Manage Substitution/Validation Rules)
SAP S/4HANA (Manage Substitution/Validation Rules) does not sufficiently validate input processed by rule definition functionality that utilizes a domain-specific scripting language. An authenticated attacker with specific business privileges could submit spe…
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Medium 5.3
ModelTC LightX2V Tokenizer cosmos3_runner.py AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained code injection
A weakness has been identified in ModelTC LightX2V up to 0.5.0. Affected is the function AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained of the file lightx2v/models/runners/cosmos3/cosmos3_runner.py of the component Tokenizer. This manipulation of the argument auto_map causes …
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Low 3.5
philz1337x clarity-upscaler Extra Networks Card Rendering ui_extra_networks.py create_html_for_item cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in philz1337x clarity-upscaler up to cfbdb842c6c839c8e97741722b8cf9a4b7662d98. This impacts the function create_html_for_item of the file modules/ui_extra_networks.py of the component Extra Networks Card Rendering. The mani…
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Critical 9.8
An issue in SKYWORTH DIGITAL CO.,LTD SK-WR6640X Wi-Fi 6 Dual-Band Fiber Router (AX1800M) V1.0.3 allows a remote attacke…
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Medium 4.8
Linketic CityGaussian Sidecar Parsing common.py parse_cfg_args code injection
A vulnerability was identified in Linketic CityGaussian up to 2.0. This affects the function parse_cfg_args of the file internal/utils/common.py of the component Sidecar Parsing. The manipulation of the argument cfg_args leads to code injection. The attack ca…
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Critical 9.9
IBM i is Affected By An Improper Control of Code Generation Vulnerability in HTTP Server Administration GUI
IBM i 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information or execute arbitrary code on the system due to improper data sanitization by the HTTP Server Administration web application.
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Low 2.4
Edimax BR-6208AC QoS Page formQoS cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. This affects an unknown part of the file /goform/formQoS of the component QoS Page. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploi…
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High 8.8
DataStage on Cloud Pak for Data Code Injection
IBM DataStage on Cloud Pak for Data 5.4.0.0 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command.
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Low 2.4
Edimax BR-6208AC Port Forwarding formPortFw cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /goform/formPortFw of the component Port Forwarding Page. Executing a manipulation can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be pe…
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Low 2.4
Edimax BR-6208AC HTTP Blocking formUrlb cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /goform/formUrlb of the component HTTP Blocking Page. Performing a manipulation results in cross site scripting. The attack is…
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Low 2.4
Edimax BR-6208AC formFilter cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. Affected is an unknown function of the file /goform/formFilter. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.…
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Critical 9.8
Maximo AI Service Code Injection
IBM Maximo AI Service 9.1.0, and 9.2.0 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper control of code generation.
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Medium 4.3
Netcore NR268 DHCP Hostname filter_hosts_dump.cgi eval cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in Netcore NR268 1.7.121109. This impacts the function eval of the file filter_hosts_dump.cgi of the component DHCP Hostname Handler. This manipulation of the argument Hostname causes cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of…
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Medium 6.5
IBM Maximo Application Suite - Location Service for Esri Component Code Execution
IBM Maximo Application Suite - Location Service for Esri Component 9.2, 9.1, and 9.0 is vulnerable to improper input validation due to an unsanitised container image configuration in a Kubernetes operator template.
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High 8.7
IBM Maximo Application Suite - Location Service for Esri Component Code Execution
IBM Maximo Application Suite - Location Service for Esri Component 9.2, 9.1, and 9.0 is vulnerable to improper input validation due to an unsanitised container image reference in a Kubernetes operator template.
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Medium 4.3
Netcore NR268 DHCP dhcp_dynamicip_show.cgi eval cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Netcore NR268 1.7.121109. This affects the function eval of the file dhcp_dynamicip_show.cgi of the component DHCP Handler. The manipulation of the argument Hostname results in cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remo…
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Medium 4.3
SourceCodester Drug Recommendation System Admin Record Tables user_record.php cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in SourceCodester Drug Recommendation System 1.0. This affects an unknown function of the file Admin/user_record.php of the component Admin Record Tables. Such manipulation of the argument name/email leads to cross s…
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Medium 4.3
SourceCodester Drug Recommendation System Student Registration add_student.php cross site scripting
A weakness has been identified in SourceCodester Drug Recommendation System 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file Auth/add_student.php of the component Student Registration. This manipulation of the argument txtname/txtpassword/txtemail…
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Low 2.4
Netcore NR268 Web UI l7_call_board_user_set.cgi eval cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in Netcore NR268 1.7.121109. Affected by this vulnerability is the function eval of the file /router/l7_call_board_user_set.cgi of the component Web UI. Such manipulation of the argument title/note/URL/content leads to cross sit…
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High 7.2
Adminer before 6.1.1 RCE via UTF-8 BOM SQLite ATTACH Bypass
Adminer before 6.1.1 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows authenticated SQLite users to bypass ATTACH and VACUUM INTO restrictions by prefixing statements with a UTF-8 byte-order mark. Attackers can attach a database file at a PHP-served…
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High 8.8
Craft CMS 4.0.0 before 4.18.7 and 5.0.0 before 5.10.14 RCE via actionCacheUpdates Behavior Injection
Craft CMS 4.0.0 before 4.18.7 and 5.0.0 before 5.10.14 passes the raw 'updates' request parameter in AppController::actionCacheUpdates to UpdatesModel without Component::cleanseConfig(), allowing behavior and event-handler injection. Authenticated control pan…
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High 8.8
CVE-2026-107248
Thelia 3.0.0's back-office Email/Messages feature contains a server‑side template injection (SSTI) flaw that allows any authenticated user with the “Messages” permission to supply unsandboxed Twig templates, which are then compiled and executed as raw code. B…
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Low 3.5
Netis WF2409E Wireless Settings cross site scripting
A vulnerability was detected in Netis WF2409E 3.3.42541. This affects an unknown function of the component Wireless Settings. The manipulation of the argument SSID results in cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is now pu…
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Medium 5.4
CVE-2026-103537
Thelia 2.6.1 contains an absolute path traversal vulnerability in its Smarty template handling that enables SSTI and remote code execution. The `checkTemplate()` validation restricts relative directory traversal sequences such as `../` but does not reject abs…
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High 8.8
CVE-2026-103535
Thelia v2.6.1 contains path traversal and PHP code injection vulnerabilities in its translation editor that can be chained to achieve remote code execution. The `item_name` parameter, used to build the translation file's write path, does not sanitize director…
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High 8.8
LogicalDOC Community Edition through 9.3 Code Injection via Velocity sendAsEmail Template
LogicalDOC Community Edition through 9.3 contains a code injection vulnerability that allows authenticated users to execute OS commands by submitting Velocity templates in DocumentService.sendAsEmail subject or message fields. Attackers can invoke SystemTool …