Weakness (CWE)
CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
-
Architecture and Design
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
-
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Operation
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
-
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
Source: MITRE CWE-94
5,299 results · Feed
-
Low 3.5
PHPGurukul Human Metapneumovirus Testing Management System Search Report Page search-report.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in PHPGurukul Human Metapneumovirus Testing Management System 1.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /search-report.php of the component Search Report Page. The manipulation leads to c…
-
Medium 4.3
code-projects Online Ticket Reservation System passenger.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Online Ticket Reservation System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /passenger.php. The manipulation of the argument name leads to cross site scripting. The …
-
Critical 9.8
An issue in Docmosis Tornado v.2.9.7 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted script…
-
Low 3.5
code-projects Blood Bank System AB+.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in code-projects Blood Bank System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file AB+.php. The manipulation of the argument Bloodname leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack…
-
Low 3.5
PHPGurukul Art Gallery Management System search.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in PHPGurukul Art Gallery Management System 1.0. It has been classified as problematic. This affects an unknown part of the file /search.php. The manipulation of the argument search leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to in…
-
Low 2.4
huang-yk student-manage Edit a Student Information Page cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in huang-yk student-manage 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the component Edit a Student Information Page. The manipulation of the argument Class leads to cross site scripting. It is possible…
-
Medium 6.5
Listingo - Business Listing and Directory WordPress Theme <= 3.2.7 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
The The Listingo theme for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 3.2.7. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcod…
-
Low 3.5
code-projects Blood Bank Management System donor.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in code-projects Blood Bank Management System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /user_dashboard/donor.php. The manipulation of the argument name leads to …
-
Critical 9.8
Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) before Virtual Appliance Host 22.0.843 Application 20.0.1923 allows Client Remote …
-
Critical 9.8
Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) before Virtual Appliance Host 22.0.843 Application 20.0.1923 allows Remote Code Ex…
-
Critical 9.8
Spacy-LLM Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in Spacy-LLM v0.7.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting a crafted payload into the template field.
-
Low 3.5
code-projects Blood Bank System o+.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in code-projects Blood Bank System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /BBfile/Blood/o+.php. The manipulation of the argument Bloodname leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be i…
-
Low 3.5
code-projects Online Class and Exam Scheduling System profile.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Online Class and Exam Scheduling System 1.0. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /Scheduling/scheduling/pages/profile.php. The manipulation of the argume…
-
Medium 4.3
ZZCMS URL register_nodb.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in ZZCMS 2025. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /3/ucenter_api/code/register_nodb.php of the component URL Handler. The manipulation of the argument $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'…
-
Low 3.5
SourceCodester Employee Management System employee.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in SourceCodester Employee Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file employee.php. The manipulation of the argument Full Name leads to cross site scripting. It is possible t…
-
Low 3.5
code-projects Blood Bank System A+.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in code-projects Blood Bank System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /Blood/A+.php. The manipulation of the argument Availibility leads to cross site scri…
-
Low 2.4
shishuocms Directory Deletion Page add.json cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in shishuocms 1.1. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /manage/folder/add.json of the component Directory Deletion Page. The manipulation of the argument folderName leads to cross site s…
-
Critical 10.0
Unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability in Uniguest Tripleplay before 24.2.1 allows remote attackers to exe…
-
Critical 10.0
Unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability in Uniguest Tripleplay before 24.2.1 allows remote attackers to exe…
-
Medium 6.5
An issue in xxyopen novel plus v.4.4.0 and before allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the PageContro…
-
Critical 10.0
WordPress Ark Theme Core plugin < 1.71.0 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in FRESHFACE Ark Theme Core ark-core allows Code Injection.This issue affects Ark Theme Core: from n/a through < 1.71.0.
-
Medium 4.3
FITSTATS Technologies AthleteMonitoring login.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in FITSTATS Technologies AthleteMonitoring up to 20250302. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /login.php. The manipulation of the argument username leads to cross site scripting. The attack …
-
Medium 4.9
PrismJS DOM Clobbering vulnerability
Prism (aka PrismJS) through 1.29.0 allows DOM Clobbering (with resultant XSS for untrusted input that contains HTML but does not directly contain JavaScript), because document.currentScript lookup can be shadowed by attacker-injected HTML elements.
-
Medium 4.9
Stage.js DOM Clobbering vulnerabilty
Stage.js through 0.8.10 allows DOM Clobbering (with resultant XSS for untrusted input that contains HTML but does not directly contain JavaScript), because document.currentScript lookup can be shadowed by attacker-injected HTML elements.
-
Low 2.4
zj1983 zz Customer Information cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in zj1983 zz up to 2024-8. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component Customer Information Handler. The manipulation of the argument Customer Name leads to cross site scripting. The …
-
Low 2.4
Mini-Tmall Admin Name admin cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Mini-Tmall up to 20250211. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin of the component Admin Name Handler. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remot…
-
Medium 4.3
Pixsoft Vivaz Login Endpoint servlet cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Pixsoft Vivaz 6.0.11. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /servlet?act=login&submit=1&evento=0&pixrnd=0125021817031859360231 of the component Login Endpoint. The manipulation of the a…
-
Medium 6.5
Authors List <= 2.0.6 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
The The Authors List plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.6. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_sho…
-
Critical 9.9
ToDesktop before 2024-10-03, as used by Cursor before 2024-10-03 and other applications, allows remote attackers to exe…
-
Medium 4.3
pihome-shc PiHome home.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in pihome-shc PiHome 2.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /home.php. The manipulation of the argument page_name leads to cross site scripting. The attack may…
-
Medium 4.3
Tu Yafeng Via Browser Javascript Bridge cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Tu Yafeng Via Browser up to 5.9.0 on Android. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component Javascript Bridge. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initi…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2024-53944 EPSS 40%
An issue was discovered on Tuoshi/Dionlink LT15D 4G Wi-Fi devices through M7628NNxlSPv2xUI_v1.0.1802.10.08_P4 and LT21B…
-
High 8.8
GeoVision GV-ASWeb with the version 6.1.2.0 or less (fixed in 6.2.0), contains a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerabil…
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2024-47051 Public exploit
Remote Code Execution & File Deletion in Asset Uploads
This advisory addresses two critical security vulnerabilities present in Mautic versions before 5.2.3. These vulnerabilities could be exploited by authenticated users. * Remote Code Execution (RCE) via Asset Upload: A Remote Code Execution vulnerability has b…
-
Medium 6.8
In OPSWAT MetaDefender Kiosk before 4.7.0, arbitrary code execution can be performed by an attacker via the MD Kiosk Un…
-
Critical 9.8
FoxCMS v1.2.5 was discovered to contain a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability via the index() method at \controll…
-
Medium 4.3
vTiger CRM index.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in vTiger CRM 6.4.0/6.5.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /modules/Mobile/index.php. The manipulation of the argument _operation leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be…
-
Low 2.4
Netis WF2780 Wireless 2.4G Menu cross site scripting
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Netis WF2780 2.1.41925. This affects an unknown part of the component Wireless 2.4G Menu. The manipulation of the argument SSID leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the at…
-
Low 2.4
FiberHome AN5506-01A ONU GPON NAT Submenu cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in FiberHome AN5506-01A ONU GPON RP2511. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component NAT Submenu. The manipulation of the argument Description leads to cross site scripting. T…
-
Low 2.4
FiberHome AN5506-01A ONU GPON Port Forwarding Submenu portForwardingCfg cross site scripting
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in FiberHome AN5506-01A ONU GPON RP2511. Affected is an unknown function of the file /goform/portForwardingCfg of the component Port Forwarding Submenu. The manipulation of the argument pf_Description l…