Weakness (CWE)
CWE-98: PHP Remote File Inclusion"
The PHP application receives input from an upstream component, but it does not restrict or incorrectly restricts the input before its usage in "require," "include," or similar functions.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent lists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Source: MITRE CWE-98
1,217 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.1
WordPress Weedles theme <= 1.1.12 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Weedles weedles allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Weedles: from n/a through <= 1.1.12.
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High 8.1
WordPress DiveIt theme <= 1.4.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes DiveIt diveit allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects DiveIt: from n/a through <= 1.4.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress uReach theme <= 1.3.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes uReach ureach allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects uReach: from n/a through <= 1.3.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Pets Land theme <= 1.2.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Pets Land petsland allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Pets Land: from n/a through <= 1.2.8.
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High 8.1
WordPress MoveMe theme <= 1.2.15 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes MoveMe moveme allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects MoveMe: from n/a through <= 1.2.15.
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High 8.1
WordPress Eldon theme <= 1.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Edge-Themes Eldon eldon allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Eldon: from n/a through <= 1.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress PartyMaker theme <= 1.1.15 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes PartyMaker partymaker allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects PartyMaker: from n/a through <= 1.1.15.
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High 8.1
WordPress Overworld theme <= 1.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Edge-Themes Overworld overworld allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Overworld: from n/a through <= 1.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress iRecco Core plugin <= 1.3.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in WebGeniusLab iRecco Core irecco-core allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects iRecco Core: from n/a through <= 1.3.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress MaxShop theme <= 3.6.20 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in magentech MaxShop sw_maxshop allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects MaxShop: from n/a through <= 3.6.20.
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High 8.1
WordPress Töbel theme <= 1.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Elated-Themes Töbel tobel allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Töbel: from n/a through <= 1.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress Dekoro theme <= 1.0.7 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Dekoro dekoro allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Dekoro: from n/a through <= 1.0.7.
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High 8.1
WordPress Vango theme <= 1.3.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Vango vango allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Vango: from n/a through <= 1.3.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Rashy theme <= 1.1.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Rashy rashy allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Rashy: from n/a through <= 1.1.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Lindo theme <= 1.2.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Lindo lindo allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Lindo: from n/a through <= 1.2.5.
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High 8.1
WordPress Bailly theme <= 1.3.4 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Bailly bailly allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Bailly: from n/a through <= 1.3.4.
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High 8.1
WordPress Pippo theme <= 1.2.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Pippo pippo allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Pippo: from n/a through <= 1.2.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Hyori theme <= 1.3.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Hyori hyori allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Hyori: from n/a through <= 1.3.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress Bfres theme <= 1.2.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in goalthemes Bfres bfres allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Bfres: from n/a through <= 1.2.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Search & Go theme <= 2.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Elated-Themes Search & Go search-and-go allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Search & Go: from n/a through <= 2.8.
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High 8.1
WordPress Bajaar - Highly Customizable WooCommerce WordPress Theme theme <= 2.1.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in XpeedStudio Bajaar - Highly Customizable WooCommerce WordPress Theme bajaar allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Bajaar - Hi…
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High 7.5
WordPress Miion theme <= 1.2.7 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in zozothemes Miion miion allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Miion: from n/a through <= 1.2.7.
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High 8.1
WordPress Barberry theme <= 2.9.9.87 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in temash Barberry barberry allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Barberry: from n/a through <= 2.9.9.87.
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High 7.5
WordPress JNews - Pay Writer plugin <= 11.0.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in jegtheme JNews - Pay Writer jnews-pay-writer allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects JNews - Pay Writer: from n/a through <= 11…
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High 8.1
WordPress Photography theme < 7.7.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeGoods Photography photography allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Photography: from n/a through < 7.7.5.
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High 7.5
WordPress MyHome Core plugin <= 4.1.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in TangibleWP MyHome Core myhome-core allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects MyHome Core: from n/a through <= 4.1.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Listivo Core plugin <= 2.3.77 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in TangibleWP Listivo Core listivo-core allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Listivo Core: from n/a through <= 2.3.77.
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High 8.1
WordPress AdForest theme <= 6.0.11 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in scriptsbundle AdForest adforest allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects AdForest: from n/a through <= 6.0.11.
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High 8.1
WordPress Powerlift theme < 3.2.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Mikado-Themes Powerlift powerlift allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Powerlift: from n/a through < 3.2.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress The Aisle theme < 2.9.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Elated-Themes The Aisle theaisle allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects The Aisle: from n/a through < 2.9.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Biagiotti theme < 3.5.2 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Mikado-Themes Biagiotti biagiotti allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Biagiotti: from n/a through < 3.5.2.
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High 8.1
WordPress Mella theme <= 1.2.29 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in BZOTheme Mella mella allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Mella: from n/a through <= 1.2.29.
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High 8.1
WordPress Myour theme <= 1.5.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in bslthemes Myour myour allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Myour: from n/a through <= 1.5.1.
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High 7.5
WordPress WerkStatt plugin plugin <= 1.6.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in fuelthemes WerkStatt Plugin werkstatt-plugin allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects WerkStatt Plugin: from n/a through <= 1.6.…
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High 8.1
WordPress Depot theme <= 1.16 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Mikado-Themes Depot depot allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Depot: from n/a through <= 1.16.
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High 8.1
WordPress Amuli theme <= 2.3.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Amuli amuli allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Amuli: from n/a through <= 2.3.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Athens theme <= 1.1.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ovatheme Athens athens allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Athens: from n/a through <= 1.1.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress Anarkali theme <= 1.0.9 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Ninetheme Anarkali anarkali allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Anarkali: from n/a through <= 1.0.9.
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High 7.5
WordPress Handmade Framework plugin <= 3.9 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in G5Theme Handmade Framework handmade-framework allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Handmade Framework: from n/a through <= 3…
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High 8.1
WordPress Hendon theme < 1.7 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Mikado-Themes Hendon hendon allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Hendon: from n/a through < 1.7.