Weakness (CWE)
CWE-98: PHP Remote File Inclusion"
The PHP application receives input from an upstream component, but it does not restrict or incorrectly restricts the input before its usage in "require," "include," or similar functions.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent lists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Source: MITRE CWE-98
1,361 results · Feed
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High 8.1
WordPress Happy Baby theme <= 1.2.12 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Happy Baby happy-baby allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Happy Baby: from n/a through <= 1.2.12.
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High 8.1
WordPress M.Williamson theme <= 1.2.11 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX M.Williamson williamson allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects M.Williamson: from n/a through <= 1.2.11.
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High 8.1
WordPress MCKinney's Politics theme <= 1.2.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX MCKinney's Politics mckinney-politics allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects MCKinney's Politics: from n/a through <=…
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High 8.1
WordPress Legal Stone theme <= 1.2.11 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Legal Stone legal-stone allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Legal Stone: from n/a through <= 1.2.11.
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High 8.1
WordPress Mandala theme <= 2.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Mandala mandala allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Mandala: from n/a through <= 2.8.
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High 8.1
WordPress Miller theme <= 1.3.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Miller christine-miller allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Miller: from n/a through <= 1.3.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Yacht Rental theme <= 2.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Yacht Rental yacht-rental allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Yacht Rental: from n/a through <= 2.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress FlashMart theme <= 2.0.15 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in magentech FlashMart flashmart allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects FlashMart: from n/a through <= 2.0.15.
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High 8.1
WordPress Police Department theme <= 2.17 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Police Department police-department allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Police Department: from n/a through <= 2.1…
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High 8.1
WordPress Beacon theme <= 2.24 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Beacon beacon allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Beacon: from n/a through <= 2.24.
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High 8.1
WordPress Peter Mason theme <= 1.4.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Peter Mason petermason allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Peter Mason: from n/a through <= 1.4.5.
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High 8.1
WordPress Victo theme <= 1.4.16 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in magentech Victo victo allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Victo: from n/a through <= 1.4.16.
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High 8.1
WordPress N7 | Golf Club Sports & Events theme <= 2.16.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX N7 | Golf Club Sports & Events n7-golf-club allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects N7 | Golf Club Sports & Events: fr…
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Critical 9.8
WordPress Healer - Doctor, Clinic & Medical WordPress Theme theme <= 1.0.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Healer - Doctor, Clinic & Medical WordPress Theme healer allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Healer - Doctor, Clin…
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High 8.1
WordPress Law Office theme <= 3.3.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Law Office law-office allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Law Office: from n/a through <= 3.3.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Grit theme <= 1.0.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Grit grit allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Grit: from n/a through <= 1.0.1.
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High 7.5
WordPress wpDataTables plugin <= 6.5.0.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in TMS wpDataTables wpdatatables allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects wpDataTables: from n/a through 6.5.0.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Tuning theme <= 1.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Tuning tuning allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Tuning: from n/a through <= 1.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Edifice theme <= 1.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Edifice edifice allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Edifice: from n/a through <= 1.8.
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High 8.1
WordPress Printy theme <= 1.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Printy printy allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Printy: from n/a through <= 1.8.
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High 8.1
WordPress Progress theme <= 1.2 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Progress progress allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Progress: from n/a through <= 1.2.
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High 8.1
WordPress Bonbon theme <= 1.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Bonbon bonbon allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Bonbon: from n/a through <= 1.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress MoneyFlow theme <= 1.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX MoneyFlow moneyflow allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects MoneyFlow: from n/a through <= 1.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress EmojiNation theme <= 1.0.12 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX EmojiNation emojination allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects EmojiNation: from n/a through <= 1.0.12.
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High 8.1
WordPress Invetex theme <= 2.18 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Invetex invetex allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Invetex: from n/a through <= 2.18.
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High 8.1
WordPress Nuts theme <= 1.10 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Nuts nuts allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Nuts: from n/a through <= 1.10.
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High 8.1
WordPress Helion theme <= 1.1.12 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Helion helion allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Helion: from n/a through <= 1.1.12.
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High 8.1
WordPress Stargaze theme <= 1.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Stargaze stargaze allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Stargaze: from n/a through <= 1.5.
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High 8.1
WordPress Kayon theme <= 1.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Kayon kayon allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Kayon: from n/a through <= 1.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Motorix theme <= 1.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Motorix motorix allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Motorix: from n/a through <= 1.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress Manoir theme <= 1.11 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Manoir manoir allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Manoir: from n/a through <= 1.11.
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High 8.1
WordPress Chroma theme <= 1.11 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Chroma chroma allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Chroma: from n/a through <= 1.11.
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High 8.1
WordPress Craftis theme <= 1.2.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Craftis craftis allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Craftis: from n/a through <= 1.2.8.
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High 8.1
WordPress Foodie theme <= 1.14 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Foodie foodie allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Foodie: from n/a through <= 1.14.
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High 8.1
WordPress Global Logistics theme <= 3.20 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Global Logistics globallogistics allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Global Logistics: from n/a through <= 3.20.
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High 8.1
WordPress Luxury Wine theme <= 1.1.14 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Luxury Wine luxury-wine allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Luxury Wine: from n/a through <= 1.1.14.
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High 8.1
WordPress Green Thumb theme <= 1.1.12 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Green Thumb greenthumb allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Green Thumb: from n/a through <= 1.1.12.
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High 8.1
WordPress Kratz theme <= 1.0.12 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Kratz kratz allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Kratz: from n/a through <= 1.0.12.
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High 8.1
WordPress Gridiron theme <= 1.0.14 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX Gridiron gridiron allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Gridiron: from n/a through <= 1.0.14.
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High 8.1
WordPress ShiftCV theme <= 3.0.14 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ThemeREX ShiftCV shift-cv allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects ShiftCV: from n/a through <= 3.0.14.