Weakness (CWE)
CWE-98: PHP Remote File Inclusion"
The PHP application receives input from an upstream component, but it does not restrict or incorrectly restricts the input before its usage in "require," "include," or similar functions.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent lists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Source: MITRE CWE-98
1,361 results · Feed
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High 8.1
WordPress HealthHub theme <= 1.3.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes HealthHub healthhub allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects HealthHub: from n/a through <= 1.3.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Frame theme <= 2.4.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Frame frame allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Frame: from n/a through <= 2.4.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Otaku theme <= 1.8.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Otaku otaku allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Otaku: from n/a through <= 1.8.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Good Mood theme <= 1.16 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Good Mood good-mood allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Good Mood: from n/a through <= 1.16.
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High 8.1
WordPress Alright theme <= 1.6.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Alright alright allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Alright: from n/a through <= 1.6.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Integro theme <= 1.8.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Integro integro allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Integro: from n/a through <= 1.8.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Sanger theme <= 1.24.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Sanger sanger allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Sanger: from n/a through <= 1.24.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Tourimo theme <= 1.2.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Tourimo tourimo allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Tourimo: from n/a through <= 1.2.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Festy theme <= 1.13.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Festy festy allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Festy: from n/a through <= 1.13.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress The Flash theme <= 1.15 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes The Flash theflash allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects The Flash: from n/a through <= 1.15.
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High 8.1
WordPress Playful theme <= 1.19.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Playful playful allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Playful: from n/a through <= 1.19.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Towny theme <= 1.16 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Towny towny allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Towny: from n/a through <= 1.16.
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High 8.1
WordPress Pathfinder theme <= 1.16 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Pathfinder pathfinder allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Pathfinder: from n/a through <= 1.16.
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High 8.1
WordPress Legacy theme <= 1.9 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Legacy legacy allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Legacy: from n/a through <= 1.9.
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High 8.1
WordPress Woo Hoo theme <= 1.25 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Woo Hoo woohoo allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Woo Hoo: from n/a through <= 1.25.
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High 8.1
WordPress 777 theme <= 1.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes 777 triple-seven allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects 777: from n/a through <= 1.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Algenix theme <= 1.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Algenix algenix allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Algenix: from n/a through <= 1.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Paragon theme <= 1.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Paragon paragon allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Paragon: from n/a through <= 1.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Hygia theme <= 1.16 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Hygia hygia allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Hygia: from n/a through <= 1.16.
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High 8.1
WordPress Smash theme <= 1.7 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Smash smash allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Smash: from n/a through <= 1.7.
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High 8.1
WordPress Convex theme <= 1.11 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Convex convex allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Convex: from n/a through <= 1.11.
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High 8.1
WordPress Rally theme <= 1.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Rally rally allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Rally: from n/a through <= 1.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Assembly theme <= 1.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Assembly assembly allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Assembly: from n/a through <= 1.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Beautique theme <= 1.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Beautique beautique allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Beautique: from n/a through <= 1.5.
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High 8.1
WordPress Catwalk theme <= 1.4 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Catwalk catwalk allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Catwalk: from n/a through <= 1.4.
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High 8.1
WordPress FitLine theme <= 1.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes FitLine fitline allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects FitLine: from n/a through <= 1.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress Greenorganic theme <= 2.45 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ApusTheme Greenorganic greenorganic allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Greenorganic: from n/a through <= 2.45.
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High 8.1
WordPress Greeny theme <= 2.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Greeny greeny allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Greeny: from n/a through <= 2.6.
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High 8.1
WordPress Harper theme <= 1.13 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Harper harper allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Harper: from n/a through <= 1.13.
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High 8.1
WordPress Rentic theme <= 1.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Rentic rentic allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Rentic: from n/a through <= 1.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Monki theme <= 2.0.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in BZOTheme Monki monki allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Monki: from n/a through <= 2.0.5.
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Critical 9.8
WordPress EasyEat theme <= 1.9.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes EasyEat easyeat allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects EasyEat: from n/a through <= 1.9.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress ChildHope theme <= 1.1.8 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes ChildHope childhope allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects ChildHope: from n/a through <= 1.1.8.
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High 8.1
WordPress Plan My Day theme <= 1.1.13 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Plan My Day planmyday allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Plan My Day: from n/a through <= 1.1.13.
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High 8.1
WordPress Exit Game theme <= 1.4.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Exit Game exit-game allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Exit Game: from n/a through <= 1.4.3.
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High 8.1
WordPress Emberlyn theme <= 1.3.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Emberlyn emberlyn allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Emberlyn: from n/a through <= 1.3.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress Etta theme <= 1.14.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Etta etta allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Etta: from n/a through <= 1.14.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Echo theme <= 1.15.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Echo echo allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Echo: from n/a through <= 1.15.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Faith & Hope theme <= 2.13.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Faith & Hope faith-hope allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Faith & Hope: from n/a through <= 2.13.0.
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High 8.1
WordPress Farm Agrico theme <= 1.3.11 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in AncoraThemes Farm Agrico farmagrico allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Farm Agrico: from n/a through <= 1.3.11.