Weakness (CWE)
CWE-98: PHP Remote File Inclusion"
The PHP application receives input from an upstream component, but it does not restrict or incorrectly restricts the input before its usage in "require," "include," or similar functions.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent lists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Source: MITRE CWE-98
1,361 results · Feed
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High 7.5
WordPress WPBot plugin <= 6.3.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in QuantumCloud ChatBot chatbot allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects ChatBot: from n/a through <= 6.3.5.
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High 8.1
WordPress Majestic Support plugin <= 1.0.6 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Majestic Support Majestic Support majestic-support allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Majestic Support: from n/a through <…
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High 7.5
WordPress VG PostCarousel plugin <= 1.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in vinagecko VG PostCarousel vg-postcarousel allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects VG PostCarousel: from n/a through <= 1.1.
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High 7.5
WordPress Calculator Builder plugin <= 1.6.2 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Wow-Company Calculator Builder calculator-builder allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Calculator Builder: from n/a through …
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High 7.5
WordPress FULL – Cliente plugin <= 3.1.26 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in FULL SERVICES FULL Customer full-customer allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects FULL Customer: from n/a through <= 3.1.26.
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High 8.8
Responsive Addons for Elementor – Free Elementor Addons Plugin and Elementor Templates <= 1.6.4 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion
The Responsive Addons for Elementor – Free Elementor Addons Plugin and Elementor Templates plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.4 via several widgets. This makes it possible for authenticated att…
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High 7.5
Team Builder For WPBakery Page Builder(Formerly Visual Composer) <= 1.0 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion
The Team Builder For WPBakery Page Builder(Formerly Visual Composer) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.0 via the 'team-builder-vc' shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, …
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High 8.1
WordPress Cookie Monster Plugin <= 1.2.2 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Oscar Alvarez Cookie Monster cookie-monster allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Cookie Monster: from n/a through <= 1.2.2.
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High 7.5
WordPress Fami Sales Popup plugin <= 2.0.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in zankover Fami Sales Popup fami-sales-popup allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Fami Sales Popup: from n/a through <= 2.0.0.
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High 8.8
BoomBox Theme Extensions <= 1.8.0 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion via Shortcode
The BoomBox Theme Extensions plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.0 via the 'boombox_listing' shortcode 'type' attribute. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-leve…
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High 8.8
Jupiter X Core <= 4.8.7 - Authenticated (Contributor+) SVG Upload to Local File Inclusion (Remote Code Execution)
The Jupiter X Core plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 4.8.7 via the get_svg() function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access an…
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Medium 6.5
WordPress Post Grid, Slider & Carousel Ultimate – with Shortcode, Gutenberg Block & Elementor Widget plugin <= 1.6.10 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in wpWax Post Grid, Slider & Carousel Ultimate post-grid-carousel-ultimate allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Post Grid, Slid…
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High 8.8
ThemeREX Addons <= 2.33.0 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion via Shortcode
The ThemeREX Addons plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.33.0 via the 'trx_sc_reviews' shortcode 'type' attribute. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level and abo…
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Medium 6.5
WordPress Post Grid Master plugin <= 3.4.12 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Akhtarujjaman Shuvo Post Grid Master ajax-filter-posts allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Post Grid Master: from n/a throu…
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Medium 6.5
IBM Maximo Asset Management file upload
IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.6.1.3 MXAPIASSET API is vulnerable to unrestricted file upload which allows authenticated low privileged user to upload restricted file types with a simple method of adding a dot to the end of the file name if Maximo is installed…
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High 7.5
Post Grid, Slider & Carousel Ultimate – with Shortcode, Gutenberg Block & Elementor Widget <= 1.6.10 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion
The Post Grid, Slider & Carousel Ultimate – with Shortcode, Gutenberg Block & Elementor Widget plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.10 via the 'theme' attribute of the `pgcu` shortcode. This make…
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High 7.5
BMLT Meeting Map <= 2.6.0 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion
The BMLT Meeting Map plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.6.0 via the 'bmlt_meeting_map' shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to i…
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High 7.5
WordPress Image Gallery Box by CRUDLab Plugin <= 1.0.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in CRUDLab Image Gallery Box by CRUDLab image-gallery-box-by-crudlab allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Image Gallery Box by …
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High 8.1
WordPress Background animation blocks Plugin <= 2.1.5 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Webarea Background animation blocks background-animation-blocks allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Background animation bl…
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High 8.1
WordPress Improved Sale Badges – Free Version Plugin <= 1.0.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in dzeriho Improved Sale Badges – Free Version improved-sale-badges-free-version allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Improved …
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High 7.5
WordPress Private Messages for UserPro plugin <= 4.10.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in DeluxeThemes Private Messages for UserPro userpro-messaging.This issue affects Private Messages for UserPro: from n/a through <= 4.10.0.
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High 7.5
WordPress FAT Event Lite plugin <= 1.1 - Authenticated Non-Arbitrary Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in roninwp FAT Event Lite fat-event-lite allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects FAT Event Lite: from n/a through <= 1.1.
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High 8.1
WordPress FAT Event Lite plugin <= 1.1 - Unauthenticated Non-Arbitrary Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in roninwp FAT Event Lite fat-event-lite allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects FAT Event Lite: from n/a through <= 1.1.
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Medium 6.3
Carbon has an arbitrary file include via unvalidated input passed to Carbon::setLocale
Carbon is an international PHP extension for DateTime. Application passing unsanitized user input to Carbon::setLocale are at risk of arbitrary file include, if the application allows users to upload files with .php extension in an folder that allows include …
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High 8.1
WordPress Rezgo Online Booking plugin <= 4.17 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in rezgo Rezgo rezgo allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Rezgo: from n/a through <= 4.17.
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Critical 9.8
WordPress Build App Online plugin <= 1.0.23 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in hakeemnala Build App Online build-app-online allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Build App Online: from n/a through <= 1.0.…
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High 7.5
WordPress 워드프레스 결제 심플페이 – 우커머스 결제 플러그인 plugin <= 5.2.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in codemstory 워드프레스 결제 심플페이 pgall-for-woocommerce allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects 워드프레스 결제 심플페이: from n/a through <= 5.2.0.
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High 7.5
WordPress WPMozo Addons Lite for Elementor plugin <= 1.1.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Elicus WPMozo Addons Lite for Elementor wpmozo-addons-lite-for-elementor allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects WPMozo Addons …
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Medium 6.5
WordPress Hero Banner Ultimate plugin <= 1.4.4 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Essential Plugin Hero Banner Ultimate hero-banner-ultimate allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Hero Banner Ultimate: from n…
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High 7.5
WordPress Ach Invoice App plugin <= 1.0.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Service Shogun Ach Invoice App ach-invoice-app allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Ach Invoice App: from n/a through <= 1.0…
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Medium 6.5
WordPress Themify Builder plugin <= 7.6.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in themifyme Themify Builder themify-builder allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Themify Builder: from n/a through <= 7.6.3.
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High 7.5
WordPress Dynamic Product Category Grid, Slider for WooCommerce plugin <= 1.1.3 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Maidul Dynamic Product Category Grid, Slider for WooCommerce dynamic-product-categories-design allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue …
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High 8.8
WP Travel Engine – Elementor Widgets | Create Travel Booking Website Using WordPress and Elementor <= 1.3.7 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion
The WP Travel Engine – Elementor Widgets | Create Travel Booking Website Using WordPress and Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.7 via several widgets. This makes it possible for authe…
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Critical 9.8
Store Locator <= 3.98.10 - Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion
The Store Locator for WordPress with Google Maps – LotsOfLocales plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in version 3.98.9 via the 'sl_engine' parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary …
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High 8.1
WordPress Axeptio plugin <= 2.5.4 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Axeptio Axeptio axeptio-sdk-integration allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Axeptio: from n/a through <= 2.5.4.
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High 7.5
WordPress EazyDocs plugin <= 2.8.0 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Spider Themes EazyDocs eazydocs allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects EazyDocs: from n/a through <= 2.8.0.
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High 8.8
Product Carousel Slider & Grid Ultimate for WooCommerce <= 1.9.10 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion via 'theme'
The Product Carousel Slider & Grid Ultimate for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.9.10 via the 'theme' attribute of the `wcpcsu` shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated a…
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Medium 4.3
WordPress Team Member – Multi Language Supported Team plugin <= 7.4 - Limited Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in wpmart Team Member team-showcase-supreme.This issue affects Team Member: from n/a through <= 7.4.
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High 7.5
WordPress Designer plugin <= 1.4.1 - Local File Inclusion vulnerability
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in codegearthemes Designer designer allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Designer: from n/a through <= 1.4.1.
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Critical 9.8
WP Umbrella: Update Backup Restore & Monitoring <= 2.17.0 - Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion
The WP Umbrella: Update Backup Restore & Monitoring plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.17.0 via the 'filename' parameter of the 'umbrella-restore' action. This makes it possible for unauthenticat…