Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
108 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 5.3CVE-2025-7545 Public exploit
GNU Binutils objcopy.c copy_section heap-based overflow
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in GNU Binutils 2.45. Affected by this vulnerability is the function copy_section of the file binutils/objcopy.c. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Attacking locally is a requirement. The…
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Critical 9.3CVE-2025-34096 Public exploit
Easy File Sharing HTTP Server 7.2 Buffer Overflow via POST to /sendemail.ghp
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Easy File Sharing HTTP Server version 7.2. The flaw is triggered when a crafted POST request is sent to the /sendemail.ghp endpoint containing an overly long Email parameter. The application fails to prope…
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Critical 9.2
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to unintended control flow and Denial of Service
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to unintended control flow and Denial of Service in NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway when configured as Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) OR AAA virtual server
KEV Jun 30, 2025 -
Low 3.3CVE-2025-5640 Public exploit
PX4-Autopilot TRAJECTORY_REPRESENTATION_WAYPOINTS Message mavlink_receiver.cpp stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in PX4-Autopilot 1.12.3. It has been classified as problematic. This affects the function MavlinkReceiver::handle_message_trajectory_representation_waypoints of the file mavlink_receiver.cpp of the component TRAJECTORY_REPRESENTATION…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server NOOP Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the component NOOP Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The explo…
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High 7.3CVE-2025-4871 Public exploit
PCMan FTP Server REST Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component REST Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The…
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High 7.3CVE-2025-4255 Public exploit
PCMan FTP Server RMD Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. This affects an unknown part of the component RMD Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2025-24132 Public exploit
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in AirPlay audio SDK 2.7.1 and AirPlay video…
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Critical 9.8
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.…
KEV Apr 17, 2025 -
Critical 9.4CVE-2025-24797 Public exploit
Meshtastic incorrectly hands malformed packets leads to controlled buffer overflow
Meshtastic is an open source mesh networking solution. A fault in the handling of mesh packets containing invalid protobuf data can result in an attacker-controlled buffer overflow, allowing an attacker to hijack execution flow, potentially resulting in remot…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-2620 Public exploit
D-Link DAP-1620 Authentication storage mod_graph_auth_uri_handler stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DAP-1620 1.03 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function mod_graph_auth_uri_handler of the file /storage of the component Authentication Handler. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer ov…
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Medium 6.3CVE-2024-12344 Public exploit
TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) FTP USER Command memory corruption
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) TT_V6.2.1021. This affects an unknown part of the component FTP USER Command Handler. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to initiate the attack remot…
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High 7.5CVE-2024-11237 Public exploit
TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) DHCP DISCOVER Packet Parser TP-Thumper stack-based overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TP-Link VN020 F3v(T) TT_V6.2.1021. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component DHCP DISCOVER Packet Parser. The manipulation of the argument hostname leads to stack…
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High 7.9CVE-2024-21980 Public exploit
Improper restriction of write operations in SNP firmware could allow a malicious hypervisor to potentially overwrite a …
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Medium 6.0CVE-2023-31355 Public exploit
Improper restriction of write operations in SNP firmware could allow a malicious hypervisor to overwrite a guest's UMC …
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High 7.3CVE-2024-1112 Public exploit
Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Resource Hacker
Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Resource Hacker, developed by Angus Johnson, affecting version 3.6.0.92. This vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code via a long filename argument.
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Critical 9.4
Unauthenticated sensitive information disclosure
Sensitive information disclosure in NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway when configured as a Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) or AAA virtual server.
KEV Oct 18, 2023 -
Critical 9.4
Buffer overflow and overread in phar_dir_read()
In PHP version 8.0.* before 8.0.30, 8.1.* before 8.1.22, and 8.2.* before 8.2.8, when loading phar file, while reading PHAR directory entries, insufficient length checking may lead to a stack buffer overflow, leading potentially to memory corruption or RCE.
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Medium 5.5CVE-2022-3564 Public exploit
Linux Kernel Bluetooth l2cap_core.c l2cap_reassemble_sdu use after free
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Linux Kernel. Affected by this vulnerability is the function l2cap_reassemble_sdu of the file net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c of the component Bluetooth. The manipulation leads to use after free. It is recommende…
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High 8.1CVE-2022-29465 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the PSD Header processing memory allocation functionality of Accusoft Im…
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High 7.8CVE-2022-26763 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in tvOS 15.5, iOS 15.5 a…
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High 7.8
Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver allows a non-privileged user to achieve write access to read-only memory pages. This affects…
KEV Mar 30, 2023 -
Unscored —CVE-2020-27815 Public exploit
A flaw was found in the JFS filesystem code in the Linux Kernel which allows a local attacker with the ability to set e…
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High 7.8CVE-2021-1480 Public exploit
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges on an affected system. For more information about these …
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Medium 5.3
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about thes…
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Medium 5.3
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about thes…
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Critical 9.6
Heap buffer overflow in CefSharp
Heap buffer overflow in Freetype in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.111 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Critical 10.0
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Microsoft Server Message Block 3.1.1 (SMBv3) protocol …
KEV Feb 10, 2022 -
Unscored —CVE-2019-11933 Public exploit
A heap buffer overflow bug in libpl_droidsonroids_gif before 1.2.19, as used in WhatsApp for Android before version 2.1…
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Critical 9.8
Cisco Small Business 220 Series Smart Switches Remote Code Execution Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web management interface of Cisco Small Business 220 Series Smart Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to overflow a buffer, which then allows the execution of arbitrary code with root privileges on the unde…
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Critical 9.8
Cisco RV110W, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Management Interface Remote Command Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of the Cisco RV110W Wireless-N VPN Firewall, Cisco RV130W Wireless-N Multifunction VPN Router, and Cisco RV215W Wireless-N VPN Router could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary co…
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High 8.8
In iOS before 11.4 and macOS High Sierra before 10.13.5, a memory corruption issue exists and was addressed with improv…
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High 8.8
An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 11.4 is affected. Safari before 11.1.1 is affected. iClou…
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Critical 9.8
A buffer overflow was found in the MikroTik RouterOS SMB service when processing NetBIOS session request messages. Remo…
KEV Sep 8, 2022 -
High 7.5
ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability
ChakraCore and Windows 10 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulne…
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High 7.5
ChakraCore vulnerable to remote code execution
ChakraCore and Windows 10 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulne…
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High 7.5
ChakraCore vulnerable to privilege escalation due to exposure from scriptFunction
ChakraCore and Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to gain the same user rights as the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption…
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High 7.5
ChakraCore vulnerable to remote code execution
ChakraCore and Microsoft Edge in Windows 10 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memor…
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Critical 9.8
Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS before 6.1.19, 7.0.x before 7.0.19, 7.1.x before 7.1.14, and 8.0.x before 8.0.6 allows remote…
KEV Aug 18, 2022 -
High 7.8
Microsoft Office 2007 Service Pack 3, Microsoft Office 2010 Service Pack 2, Microsoft Office 2013 Service Pack 1, and M…
KEV Nov 3, 2021