Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
107 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.8CVE-2026-120232 Public exploit
Horizon DataSys Reboot Restore Standard Kernel Driver shield.sys sub_23908 memory corruption
A vulnerability was identified in Horizon DataSys Reboot Restore Standard up to 13.2. The impacted element is the function sub_23908 in the library shield.sys of the component Kernel Driver. Such manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack can only be…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-112688 Public exploit
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26.7,…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-110958 Public exploit
Wavlink WN530HG4B api.cgi heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Wavlink WN530HG4B M30HG4B_V260724. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file api.cgi. The manipulation results in heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made pu…
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Medium 5.4CVE-2026-109721 Public exploit
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 158, Firefox ESR 153.5, Thunderbird 158, and Thunderbird 153.5.
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High 8.1CVE-2026-109715 Public exploit
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine component
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 158, Firefox ESR 115.43, Firefox ESR 153.5, Thunderbird 158, and Thunderbird 153.5.
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Critical 9.5CVE-2026-107406 Public exploit
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution or Denial of Service
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution or Denial of Service Vulnerability in NetScaler ADC. NetScaler ADC or NetScaler Gateway must be configured as a SAML SP or SAML IdP, subject to the following version-specific requirements: * For…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-88777 Public exploit
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to unpredictable or erroneous behavior or Denial of Service
Memory overflow vulnerability vulnerability in Citrix NetScaler ADC and Citrix NetScaler Gateway. This issue affects ADC: before 14.1-73.37, before 13.1-64.23, before 14.1-73.37 FIPS, and before 13.1.37.279 FIPS and NDcPP; Gateway: before 14.1-73.37 and befor…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-88776 Public exploit
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to unpredictable or erroneous behavior or Denial of Service
Memory overflow vulnerability vulnerability in Citrix NetScaler ADC and Citrix NetScaler Gateway. This issue affects ADC: before 14.1-73.37, before 13.1-64.23, before 14.1-73.37 FIPS, and before 13.1.37.279 FIPS and NDcPP; Gateway: before 14.1-73.37 and befor…
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Critical 9.5
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution or Denial of Service
Vulnerability in Citrix NetScaler ADC and Citrix NetScaler Gateway. This issue affects ADC: before 14.1-73.37, before 13.1-64.23, before 14.1-73.37 FIPS, and before 13.1.37.279 FIPS and NDcPP; Gateway: before 14.1-73.37 and before 13.1-64.23 leading to Remote…
KEV Sep 27, 2026 -
Critical 9.9CVE-2026-100740 Public exploit
D-Link DIR-895L L2TP Control Channel tunnel.c tunnel_set_params out-of-bounds write
A vulnerability was detected in D-Link DIR-895L A1_102b07. Impacted is the function tunnel_set_params of the file tunnel.c of the component L2TP Control Channel Parser. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. The attack may be initiated remo…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-94129 Public exploit
BioStar VALKYRIE AURORA IOCTL BS_RVSIO64.sys sub_1105C write-what-where
A vulnerability was detected in BioStar VALKYRIE AURORA 2.10.2411.0800. This vulnerability affects the function sub_1105C of the file BS_RVSIO64.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation of the argument PhysicalAddress results in write-what-where c…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-94128 Public exploit
BioStar VIVID LED DJ IOCTL BS_LED64.sys sub_1105C write-what-where
A security vulnerability has been detected in BioStar VIVID LED DJ 4.0.2411.1500. This affects the function sub_1105C of the file BS_LED64.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation of the argument AssociatedIrp leads to write-what-where condition. …
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Critical 9.9CVE-2026-82592 Public exploit
D-Link DIR-825M Disk Formatting Handler Endpoint formDiskFormat sub_46725C stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was detected in D-Link DIR-825M 1.1.8. This affects the function sub_46725C of the file /boafrm/formDiskFormat of the component Disk Formatting Handler Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument partition results in stack-based buffer overflow…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-82539 Public exploit
TOTOLINK A720R MAC Filtering cstecgi.cgi setMacFilterRules memory corruption
A vulnerability was determined in TOTOLINK A720R 4.1.5cu.630_B20250509. This impacts the function setMacFilterRules of the file cstecgi.cgi of the component MAC Filtering. Executing a manipulation of the argument desc can lead to memory corruption. The attack…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2026-65330 Public exploit
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6.1 and iPadOS 26.6.1, macOS Sequo…
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Medium 5.4CVE-2026-64788 Public exploit
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6.1 and iPadOS 26.6.1, macOS Tahoe…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-43682 Public exploit
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sonoma 14.8.8…
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High 8.8
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to unpredictable or erroneous behavior and Denial of Service
Memory overflow vulnerability NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway leading to unpredictable or erroneous behavior and Denial of Service if the appliance is configured as a Gateway (SSL VPN, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) or AAA virtual server
KEV Aug 26, 2026 -
High 8.8CVE-2026-11553 Public exploit
Tenda HG7/HG9/HG10 formPPPEdit stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda HG7, HG9 and HG10 300001138_en_xpon. This affects the function formPPPEdit of the file /boaform/formPPPEdit. The manipulation of the argument encodename results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remo…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-11499 Public exploit
Tenda HG7/HG9/HG10 formDOMAINBLK stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda HG7, HG9 and HG10 300001138_en_xpon. This affects the function formDOMAINBLK of the file /boaform/formDOMAINBLK. Executing a manipulation of the argument blkDomain can lead to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-10187 Public exploit
Totolink N300RH Web Management wireless.so setWiFiBasicConfig stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was detected in Totolink N300RH 6.1c.1353_B20190305. Affected by this issue is the function setWiFiBasicConfig of the file wireless.so of the component Web Management Interface. Performing a manipulation of the argument KeyStr results in stack…
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Medium 5.4CVE-2026-4390 Public exploit
TeamSpeak 3 Server Connection State Management process_resend_queue use after free
A weakness has been identified in TeamSpeak 3 Server up to 3.13.7. This affects the function process_resend_queue of the component Connection State Management. This manipulation causes use after free. The attack may be initiated remotely. Upgrading to version…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-8389 Public exploit
JIT miscompilation in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component
JIT miscompilation in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150.0.3.
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Medium 6.5CVE-2026-8388 Public exploit
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component
Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 150.0.3, Firefox ESR 115.36, Firefox ESR 140.11, and Thunderbird 140.11.
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High 7.5CVE-2026-28990 Public exploit
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS 18.7.10, iOS 26.5 …
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-34159 Public exploit
llama.cpp: Unauthenticated RCE via GRAPH_COMPUTE buffer=0 bypass in llama.cpp RPC backend
llama.cpp is an inference of several LLM models in C/C++. Prior to version b8492, the RPC backend's deserialize_tensor() skips all bounds validation when a tensor's buffer field is 0. An unauthenticated attacker can read and write arbitrary process memory via…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-4861 Public exploit
Wavlink WL-NU516U1 nas.cgi ftext stack-based overflow
A weakness has been identified in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 260227. This vulnerability affects the function ftext of the file /cgi-bin/nas.cgi. This manipulation of the argument Content-Length causes stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely.…
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Medium 5.5CVE-2026-20698 Public exploit
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.4 and iPadOS 26.4, macOS Tahoe 26.…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-4567 Public exploit
Tenda A15 UploadCfg stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda A15 15.13.07.13. The impacted element is the function UploadCfg of the file /cgi-bin/UploadCfg. The manipulation of the argument File leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The explo…
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High 8.8
Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.75 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitra…
KEV Mar 13, 2026 -
High 7.8
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3…
KEV Feb 12, 2026 -
High 8.8
Out of bounds memory access in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 143.0.7499.110 allowed a remote attacker to perfo…
KEV Dec 12, 2025 -
Medium 4.9CVE-2025-43504 Public exploit
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Xcode 26.1. A user in a privilege…
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High 8.8CVE-2025-10666 Public exploit
D-Link DIR-825 apply.cgi sub_4106d4 buffer overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in D-Link DIR-825 up to 2.10. Affected by this vulnerability is the function sub_4106d4 of the file apply.cgi. The manipulation of the argument countdown_time results in buffer overflow. The attack can be executed remotely.…
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Critical 9.2
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution and/or Denial of Service
Memory overflow vulnerability leading to Remote Code Execution and/or Denial of Service in NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway when NetScaler is configured as Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) or AAA virtual server (OR) NetScaler ADC an…
KEV Aug 26, 2025 -
Critical 9.8CVE-2025-8760 Public exploit
INSTAR 2K+/4K fcgi_server base64_decode buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in INSTAR 2K+ and 4K 3.11.1 Build 1124. This affects the function base64_decode of the component fcgi_server. The manipulation of the argument Authorization leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotel…
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High 8.8
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.6, iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 18.6, ma…
KEV Mar 20, 2026 -
High 8.8CVE-2025-7795 Public exploit
Tenda FH451 P2pListFilter fromP2pListFilter stack-based overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. Affected by this issue is the function fromP2pListFilter of the file /goform/P2pListFilter. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. T…
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High 8.4CVE-2025-34106 Public exploit
PDF Shaper v3.5/3.6 Buffer Overflow via Convert to Image Feature
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in PDF Shaper versions 3.5 and 3.6 when converting a crafted PDF file to an image using the 'Convert PDF to Image' functionality. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into opening a maliciously c…
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Medium 5.3CVE-2025-7545 Public exploit
GNU Binutils objcopy.c copy_section heap-based overflow
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in GNU Binutils 2.45. Affected by this vulnerability is the function copy_section of the file binutils/objcopy.c. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Attacking locally is a requirement. The…