Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
2,172 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.8CVE-2026-94129 Public exploit
BioStar VALKYRIE AURORA IOCTL BS_RVSIO64.sys sub_1105C write-what-where
A vulnerability was detected in BioStar VALKYRIE AURORA 2.10.2411.0800. This vulnerability affects the function sub_1105C of the file BS_RVSIO64.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation of the argument PhysicalAddress results in write-what-where c…
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High 8.8CVE-2026-94128 Public exploit
BioStar VIVID LED DJ IOCTL BS_LED64.sys sub_1105C write-what-where
A security vulnerability has been detected in BioStar VIVID LED DJ 4.0.2411.1500. This affects the function sub_1105C of the file BS_LED64.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation of the argument AssociatedIrp leads to write-what-where condition. …
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High 8.3
Kamailio CDP Diameter Receiver receiver.c shm_malloc heap-based overflow
A weakness has been identified in Kamailio up to 5.8.8/6.0.7/6.1.4/6.2.0-dev1. The impacted element is the function shm_malloc of the file src/modules/cdp/receiver.c of the component CDP Diameter Receiver. Executing a manipulation can lead to heap-based buffe…
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High 7.3
GPAC RTP Depacketizer rtp_depacketizer.c gf_rtp_parse_ttxt out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was identified in GPAC 26.08-DEV. This vulnerability affects the function gf_rtp_parse_ttxt of the file src/ietf/rtp_depacketizer.c of the component RTP Depacketizer. Such manipulation of the argument size leads to out-of-bounds read. It is po…
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High 8.6
Cisco Identity Services Engine RADIUS Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the RADIUS feature of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper handling of certain RADIUS …
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High 7.3
GPAC WebSocket rmt_ws.c rmt_client_handle_ws_frame heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in GPAC 26.07.0. This affects the function rmt_client_handle_ws_frame of the file src/utils/rmt_ws.c of the component WebSocket Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument payload_size can lead to heap-based buffer overflo…
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High 7.8
pdfforge PDF Architect PDF File Parsing Memory Corruption Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
pdfforge PDF Architect PDF File Parsing Memory Corruption Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of pdfforge PDF Architect. User interaction is required to exploit th…
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High 7.8
OriginLab Origin Viewer OGM File Parsing Memory Corruption Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
OriginLab Origin Viewer OGM File Parsing Memory Corruption Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OriginLab Origin Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit …
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High 8.8
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Networking component
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Networking component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 156, Firefox ESR 153.3, Thunderbird 156, and Thunderbird 153.3.
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High 8.0
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Safe Browsing component
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Safe Browsing component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 156, Firefox ESR 153.3, Thunderbird 156, and Thunderbird 153.3.
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High 8.8
Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Widget: Win32 component
Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Widget: Win32 component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 156, Firefox ESR 153.3, Thunderbird 156, and Thunderbird 153.3.
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High 8.8
Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Widget: Win32 component
Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Widget: Win32 component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 156, Firefox ESR 153.3, Thunderbird 156, and Thunderbird 153.3.
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High 8.8
Privilege escalation in the Memory component
Privilege escalation in the Memory component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 156, Firefox ESR 153.3, Thunderbird 156, and Thunderbird 153.3.
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High 7.3
GPAC Compositor media_object.c gf_mo_get_od_id use after free
A flaw has been found in GPAC up to f1219cde. This vulnerability affects the function gf_mo_get_od_id of the file compositor/media_object.c of the component Compositor. Executing a manipulation can lead to use after free. The attack may be performed from remo…
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High 7.3
luben zstd-jni Dictionary Sharing ZstdCompressCtx.java ZstdCompressCtx.loadDict use after free
A vulnerability has been found in luben zstd-jni up to 1.5.7-13. This vulnerability affects the function ZstdCompressCtx.loadDict of the file ZstdCompressCtx.java of the component Dictionary Sharing. Such manipulation leads to use after free. The attack can b…
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High 8.4
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26.7, iOS 27 and iPad…
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High 7.5
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6.1 and iPadOS 26.6.1, macOS Sequo…
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High 7.8
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6 and iPadOS 26.6, iOS 26.7 and iP…
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High 8.3
Open5GS Old AMF Discovery Fallback nnrf-handler.c amf_nnrf_try_old_amf_discovery_fallback use after free
A security flaw has been discovered in Open5GS up to 2.7.x. Affected is the function amf_nnrf_try_old_amf_discovery_fallback of the file src/amf/nnrf-handler.c of the component Old AMF Discovery Fallback. The manipulation of the argument discovery_option resu…
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High 8.8
Tenda W20E formDelWebAuthWhiteUser stack-based overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda W20E 15.11.0.61068_1546_841_CN_TDC. Impacted is the function formDelWebAuthWhiteUser. Performing a manipulation of the argument webAuthWhiteUserIndex results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initia…
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High 7.3
DaveGamble cJSON cJSON_Utils.c cJSONUtils_MergePatch use after free
A vulnerability was found in DaveGamble cJSON up to 1.7.19. The affected element is the function cJSONUtils_MergePatch of the file cJSON_Utils.c. The manipulation results in use after free. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public…
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High 8.8
Memory corruption in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker to potentially execute arbitr…
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High 8.8
Memory corruption in Codecs in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code…
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High 7.3
Cesanta mJS mjs_tok.c skip_spaces_and_comments heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Cesanta mJS up to 1.26. Affected is the function skip_spaces_and_comments of the file src/mjs_tok.c. Executing a manipulation can lead to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been p…
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High 8.8
x86: improper handling of HVM emulation return codes
A guest with a PCI device assigned that has at least a BAR on the IO port space can trigger a BUG() in Xen.
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High 7.3
92181 markdown md.c lds out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was determined in 92181 markdown up to 058cab0cb7fb245a0ccc6b8446963ff8d573558f. Affected by this issue is the function lds of the file md.c. Executing a manipulation can lead to out-of-bounds read. The attack can be executed remotely. This pr…
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High 8.8
Tenda HG10 Boa Web Server formWanRedirect buffer overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda HG10 300001138. This issue affects the function formWanRedirect of the file /boaform/formWanRedirect of the component Boa Web Server. Executing a manipulation of the argument if can lead to buffer overflow. The attack m…
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High 8.8
Tenda HG10 Boa Web Server formWlanSetup buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda HG10 300001138. Impacted is the function formWlanSetup of the file /boaform/formWlanSetup of the component Boa Web Server. The manipulation of the argument ssid leads to buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attac…
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High 8.7
CompactLogix® 5380 / ControlLogix® 5580 - Multiple Vulnerabilities
A denial-of-service security issue exists in the affected Logix platforms listed in the table above. The security issue stems from improper validation of input length during CIP message processing. This can result in a major nonrecoverable fault (MNRF), requi…
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High 7.5
Internally found bugs fixed in Thunderbird 155 and Thunderbird ESR 153.2
Internally found bugs present in Thunderbird 154 and Thunderbird ESR 153.1. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption or another security-relevant defect and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited. This vulner…
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High 7.5
Internally found bugs fixed in Thunderbird 155, Thunderbird ESR 153.2 and Thunderbird ESR 140.15
Internally found bugs present in Thunderbird 154, Thunderbird ESR 153.1 and Thunderbird ESR 140.14. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption or another security-relevant defect and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have bee…
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High 8.8
D-Link DSM-G600 Multipart load_file.cgi out-of-bounds write
A weakness has been identified in D-Link DSM-G600 1.01. This affects an unknown function of the file /load_file.cgi of the component Multipart Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to out-of-bounds write. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit …
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High 7.4
Kamailio AVP cxdx_avp.c get_4bytes out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was determined in Kamailio up to 5.5.0/6.0.7. This affects the function get_4bytes of the file src/modules/ims_registrar_scscf/cxdx_avp.c of the component AVP Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to out-of-bounds read. The attack may be …
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High 7.3
NASA Trick TCP Socket JSONVariableServerThread.cpp parse_request stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in NASA Trick 19.6.0. This issue affects the function JSONVariableServerThread::parse_request of the file trick_source/sim_services/JSONVariableServer/JSONVariableServerThread.cpp of the component TCP Socket Handler. This manipu…
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High 8.8
User input in WibuKey is used (without proper sanitization) to compute the address of a pointer, which can be exploited to let the user point to any storage, to which Windows responds with a denial of service.
Improper validation of memory boundaries in WibuKey64.sys of WibuKey up to 6.70 for Windows can be exploited by an attacker by setting the pointers outside the scope of the program. This usually results in a denial of service, yet we cannot rule out the possi…
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High 8.8
Memory corruption in Tint in Google Chrome on on Mac prior to 152.0.7977.65 allowed a remote attacker to potentially ex…
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High 8.8
UTT HiPER 1200GW formConfigFastDirectionW strcpy buffer overflow
A flaw has been found in UTT HiPER 1200GW up to 2.5.3-170306. Affected is the function strcpy of the file /goform/formConfigFastDirectionW. Executing a manipulation of the argument ssid can lead to buffer overflow. The attack may be performed from remote. The…
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High 7.3
warmcat libwebsockets LECP CBOR Recording lecp.c report_raw_cbor out-of-bounds write
A vulnerability was found in warmcat libwebsockets 4.5.0. Impacted is the function report_raw_cbor of the file lib/misc/lecp.c of the component LECP CBOR Recording. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. The attack can be launched remotely. The expl…
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High 7.4
Open5GS Rx AA-Request pcrf-rx-path.c pcrf_rx_aar_cb out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in Open5GS 2.8.0. This affects the function pcrf_rx_aar_cb of the file src/pcrf/pcrf-rx-path.c of the component Rx AA-Request Handler. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. It is possible to initiate the attack …
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High 7.4
Open5GS S6a Authentication-Information-Request hss-s6a-path.c hss_ogs_diam_s6a_air_cb heap-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Open5GS 2.8.0. Affected by this issue is the function hss_ogs_diam_s6a_air_cb of the file src/hss/hss-s6a-path.c of the component S6a Authentication-Information-Request Handler. Such manipulation of the argument V…