Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
770 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 5.9
A CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability exists that could caus…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg decode_pulses memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in FFmpeg 2.0. This affects the function decode_pulses. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg Truemotion1 truemotion1_decode_header memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function truemotion1_decode_header of the component Truemotion1 Handler. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack can be launche…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg Bitstream Buffer shorten_decode_frame memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function shorten_decode_frame of the component Bitstream Buffer. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. It is r…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg cmv_process_header memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function cmv_process_header. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack may be initiated remotely. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg Slice Segment decode_nal_unit memory corruption
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in FFmpeg 2.0. This affects the function decode_nal_unit of the component Slice Segment Handler. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. It is…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg decode_slice_header memory corruption
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in FFmpeg 2.0. Affected by this issue is the function decode_slice_header. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack may be launched remotely. It is recommended to apply a patc…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg utils.c ff_init_buffer_info memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects the function ff_init_buffer_info of the file utils.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack may be initiated remotely. It is recommended to apply a…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg HEVC Video Decoder memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in FFmpeg 2.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component HEVC Video Decoder. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack can be launched remotely. It is recommen…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg msrle.c msrle_decode_frame memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function msrle_decode_frame of the file libavcodec/msrle.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack may be initiated remotely. It is recommended to a…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg h64.c decode_slice_header memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function decode_slice_header of the file libavcodec/h64.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack may be launched remotely. It is recommende…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg snow.h add_yblock memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in FFmpeg 2.0. This affects the function add_yblock of the file libavcodec/snow.h. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. It is recommended to apply…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg oggparsevorbis.c vorbis_header memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in FFmpeg 2.0. Affected is the function vorbis_header of the file libavformat/oggparsevorbis.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. It is recommend…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg hevcpred_template.c intra_pred memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in FFmpeg 2.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function intra_pred of the file libavcodec/hevcpred_template.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack can be launched remotely. It is re…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg h264.c output_frame memory corruption
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in FFmpeg 2.0. Affected by this issue is the function output_frame of the file libavcodec/h264.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack may be launched remotely. It is reco…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg mpeg4videodec.c decode_vol_header memory corruption
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in FFmpeg 2.0. This affects the function decode_vol_header of the file libavcodec/mpeg4videodec.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. It …
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg vmnc.c decode_hextile memory corruption
A vulnerability has been found in FFmpeg 2.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function decode_hextile of the file libavcodec/vmnc.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack can be initiated remotely. It is recommen…
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg jpeg2000dec.c get_siz memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function get_siz of the file libavcodec/jpeg2000dec.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack may be initiated remotely. It is recommended to apply …
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Medium 5.3
FFmpeg dnxhdenc.c dnxhd_init_rc memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg 2.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function dnxhd_init_rc of the file libavcodec/dnxhdenc.c. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. It is recommen…
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Medium 5.0
uTorrent memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in uTorrent. This affects an unknown part. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
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Medium 5.3
Sricam IP CCTV Camera Device Viewer memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in Sricam IP CCTV Camera. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the component Device Viewer. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. Local access is required to approach this attack.
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Medium 6.7
Improper buffer access in firmware for some Intel(R) NUCs may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation …
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Medium 5.7
Dell PowerEdge Server BIOS and Dell Precision Workstation 7910 and 7920 Rack BIOS contain an Improper SMM communication…
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Medium 4.3
An exploitable vulnerability exists in the way Pixar OpenUSD 20.05 handles file offsets in binary USD files. A speciall…
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Medium 4.3
GhostPCL gsmchunk.c chunk_free_object memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in GhostPCL 9.55.0. This vulnerability affects the function chunk_free_object of the file gsmchunk.c. The manipulation with a malicious file leads to a memory corruption. The attack can be initiated remotely…
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Medium 5.3
A CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability exists that could caus…
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Medium 6.4
An improper boundary check in secure_log of LDFW and BL31 prior to SMR Dec-2021 Release 1 allows arbitrary memory write…
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Medium 6.3
ASUS P453UJ - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
ASUS P453UJ contains the Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability. With a general user’s permission, local attackers can modify the BIOS by replacing or filling in the content of the designated Memory DataBuffer, w…
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Medium 6.5
A vulnerability has been identified in Capital Embedded AR Classic 431-422 (All versions), Capital Embedded AR Classic …
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Medium 6.5
A CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability that could cause a Den…
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Medium 6.7
Bootloader contains a vulnerability in the NV3P server where any user with physical access through USB can trigger an i…
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Medium 5.3
Cisco Webex Player Memory Corruption Vulnerability
A vulnerability in Cisco Webex Player for Windows and MacOS could allow an attacker to cause the affected software to terminate or to gain access to memory state information that is related to the vulnerable application. The vulnerability is due to insufficie…
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Medium 6.5
Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras Cisco Discovery Protocol Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Cisco Discovery Protocol implementation for Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause an affected IP camera to reload. This vulnerability is due to missing checks when pro…
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Medium 6.5
Junos OS: EX4300: FPC crash upon receipt of specific frames on an interface without L2PT or dot1x configured
A vulnerability due to the improper handling of direct memory access (DMA) buffers on EX4300 switches on Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an attacker sending specific unicast frames to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) condition by exhausting DMA buffers, cau…
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Medium 5.3
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about thes…
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Medium 5.3
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about thes…
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Medium 6.5
Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras Cisco Discovery Protocol Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Cisco Discovery Protocol implementation for Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause an affected IP camera to reload. The vulnerability is due to missing checks when Cisc…
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Medium 4.7
A CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability exists in Modicon M258…
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Medium 6.3
An out-of-bounds memory corruption vulnerability exists in the way Pixar OpenUSD 20.05 uses SPECS data from binary USD …
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Medium 4.3
An exploitable vulnerability exists in the way Pixar OpenUSD 20.05 handles parses certain encoded types. A specially cr…