Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
3,721 results · Feed
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Medium 6.5
Tenda W20E HTTP formIPMacBindAdd stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda W20E 15.11.0.61068_1546_841_CN_TDC. This issue affects the function formIPMacBindAdd of the component HTTP Handler. Such manipulation of the argument IPMacBindRule leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to…
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Medium 6.3
GPAC MP4Box base_scenegraph.c gf_node_changed_internal use after free
A vulnerability was determined in GPAC up to f1219cde. This vulnerability affects the function gf_node_changed_internal of the file scenegraph/base_scenegraph.c of the component MP4Box. This manipulation causes use after free. It is possible to initiate the a…
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Medium 5.3
GPAC MP4Box loader_bt.c gf_bt_report memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in GPAC up to f1219cde. This affects the function gf_bt_report of the file scene_manager/loader_bt.c of the component MP4Box. The manipulation results in memory corruption. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has bee…
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Medium 5.3
Matthias-Wandel jhead WebP EXIF gpsinfo.c ProcessGpsInfo heap-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Matthias-Wandel jhead up to 3.3. This impacts the function ProcessGpsInfo of the file gpsinfo.c of the component WebP EXIF Handler. Such manipulation of the argument TAG_GPS_LAT/TAG_GPS_LONG leads to heap-based bu…
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Low 3.3
Matthias-Wandel jhead EXIF Parsing exif.c Get16u out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in Matthias-Wandel jhead up to 3.3. This affects the function Get16u of the file exif.c of the component EXIF Parsing. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. The attack requires local access. The exploit has been made avai…
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Critical 9.9
D-Link DIR-823G HNAP1 SetStaticRouteSettings strcpy stack-based overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in D-Link DIR-823G 1.0.2B05_20181207. The impacted element is the function strcpy of the file /HNAP1/SetStaticRouteSettings of the component HNAP1. The manipulation of the argument PAddress/SubnetMask/Gateway results in sta…
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Low 3.3
GPAC MP4Box svg_attributes.c gf_svg_attributes_copy buffer over-read
A vulnerability was found in GPAC up to f1219cde. This affects the function gf_svg_attributes_copy of the file scenegraph/svg_attributes.c of the component MP4Box. Performing a manipulation results in buffer over-read. The attack is only possible with local a…
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formPortFw buffer overflow
A flaw has been found in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. The affected element is the function formPortFw of the file /boafrm/formPortFw of the component boa. This manipulation of the argument service_type causes buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate…
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formNewSchedule buffer overflow
A vulnerability was detected in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. Impacted is the function formNewSchedule of the file /boafrm/formNewSchedule of the component boa. The manipulation of the argument submit-url results in buffer overflow. The attack may be pe…
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formIpv6Setup buffer overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. This issue affects the function formIpv6Setup of the file /boafrm/formIpv6Setup of the component boa. The manipulation of the argument static_ipv6 leads to buffer overflow. The …
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formFilter buffer overflow
A weakness has been identified in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. This vulnerability affects the function formFilter of the file /boafrm/formFilter of the component boa. Executing a manipulation of the argument ip6addr can lead to buffer overflow. The att…
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Medium 5.3
GPAC MP4Box list.c gf_list_count use after free
A flaw has been found in GPAC up to f1219cde. Affected by this issue is the function gf_list_count of the file utils/list.c of the component MP4Box. Executing a manipulation can lead to use after free. The attack is restricted to local execution. The exploit …
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Medium 5.3
GPAC MP4Box base_scenegraph.c gf_node_get_field heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was detected in GPAC up to f1219cde. Affected by this vulnerability is the function gf_node_get_field of the file scenegraph/base_scenegraph.c of the component MP4Box. Performing a manipulation results in heap-based buffer overflow. The attack…
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Medium 4.7
davenardella snap7 s7_micro_client.cpp opUpload memory corruption
A vulnerability was determined in davenardella snap7 up to 1.4.3. The affected element is the function TSnap7MicroClient::opUpload of the file src/core/s7_micro_client.cpp. Executing a manipulation of the argument DataLen can lead to memory corruption. The at…
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High 7.3
DaveGamble cJSON cJSON_Utils.c cJSONUtils_MergePatch use after free
A vulnerability was found in DaveGamble cJSON up to 1.7.19. The affected element is the function cJSONUtils_MergePatch of the file cJSON_Utils.c. The manipulation results in use after free. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public…
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Critical 9.6
Behavioral Technology Group Pavlok Behavioral Conditioning Wearable Apple Notification Center Service Event buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Behavioral Technology Group Pavlok Behavioral Conditioning Wearable up to 20260707. Impacted is an unknown function of the component Apple Notification Center Service Event Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. …
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High 8.8
Memory corruption in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker to potentially execute arbitr…
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High 8.8
Memory corruption in Codecs in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code…
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High 7.3
Cesanta mJS mjs_tok.c skip_spaces_and_comments heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Cesanta mJS up to 1.26. Affected is the function skip_spaces_and_comments of the file src/mjs_tok.c. Executing a manipulation can lead to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been p…
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High 8.8
x86: improper handling of HVM emulation return codes
A guest with a PCI device assigned that has at least a BAR on the IO port space can trigger a BUG() in Xen.
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Medium 6.3
vgmstream txth-txtp txth.c sscanf stack-based overflow
A weakness has been identified in vgmstream up to r2117. This issue affects the function sscanf of the file src/meta/txth.c of the component txth-txtp. This manipulation causes stack-based buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. Th…
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Critical 9.9
D-Link DIR-822A L2TP Control Message tunnel_set_params out-of-bounds write
A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DIR-822A A_101. Affected is the function tunnel_set_params of the component L2TP Control Message Parser. Such manipulation leads to out-of-bounds write. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclos…
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Critical 9.6
D-Link DIR-895L udhcpcd serverpacket.c sendACK stack-based overflow
A flaw has been found in D-Link DIR-895L A1_102b07. This impacts the function sendOffer/sendACK of the file udhcpcd/serverpacket.c of the component udhcpcd. This manipulation causes stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can only be done within the local net…
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Medium 5.3
java-json-tools json-patch JsonMergePatchDeserializer.java JsonMergePatch.fromJson stack-based overflow
A flaw has been found in java-json-tools json-patch up to 1.13. Affected is the function JsonMergePatch.fromJson of the file JsonMergePatchDeserializer.java. Executing a manipulation can lead to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be performed from re…
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High 7.3
92181 markdown md.c lds out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was determined in 92181 markdown up to 058cab0cb7fb245a0ccc6b8446963ff8d573558f. Affected by this issue is the function lds of the file md.c. Executing a manipulation can lead to out-of-bounds read. The attack can be executed remotely. This pr…
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Critical 10.0
D-Link DIR-822A udhcpcd serverpacket.c strcpy stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in D-Link DIR-822A A_101. This vulnerability affects the function strcpy of the file udhcpcd/serverpacket.c of the component udhcpcd. This manipulation causes stack-based buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out…
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Medium 6.3
ModelCloud GPTQModel Triton dequantization kernel tritonv2.py out-of-bounds
A vulnerability has been found in ModelCloud GPTQModel up to 7.2.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file gptqmodel/nn_modules/qlinear/tritonv2.py of the component Triton dequantization kernel. Such manipulation of the argument g_idx leads to ou…
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Low 3.1
valkey-io valkey kvstore.c kvstoreGetHashtable out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in valkey-io valkey up to 9.0.5/9.1.1. This affects the function kvstoreGetHashtable of the file src/kvstore.c. This manipulation of the argument didx causes out-of-bounds read. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Th…
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High 8.8
Tenda HG10 Boa Web Server formWanRedirect buffer overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda HG10 300001138. This issue affects the function formWanRedirect of the file /boaform/formWanRedirect of the component Boa Web Server. Executing a manipulation of the argument if can lead to buffer overflow. The attack m…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda HG10 formURL buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda HG10 300001138. This vulnerability affects the function formURL of the file /boaform/admin/formURL. Performing a manipulation of the argument Keywd/urlFQDN results in buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. Th…
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Medium 5.3
valkey-io valkey Slot Migration cluster_migrateslots.c createSlotImportJob out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was detected in valkey-io valkey up to 9.5.4/9.1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function createSlotImportJob of the file src/cluster_migrateslots.c of the component Slot Migration. The manipulation of the argument job_name results in…
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High 8.8
Tenda HG10 Boa Web Server formWlanSetup buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda HG10 300001138. Impacted is the function formWlanSetup of the file /boaform/formWlanSetup of the component Boa Web Server. The manipulation of the argument ssid leads to buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attac…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda HG10 Boa Web Server formLogin buffer overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda HG10 300001138. This issue affects the function formLogin of the file /boaform/formLogin of the component Boa Web Server. Executing a manipulation of the argument Username can lead to buffer overflow. The attack may be …
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Critical 9.9
TOTOLINK CP450 cstecgi.cgi buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK CP450 4.1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument topicurl results in buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible.
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Medium 5.9
Gammu SMS Daemon - Critical - Unsupported - SA-CONTRIB-2026-100
Vulnerability in Drupal Gammu SMS Daemon. This issue affects Gammu SMS Daemon versions: *.*.
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Medium 5.9
Gammu SMS Daemon - Critical - Unsupported - SA-CONTRIB-2026-100
Vulnerability in Drupal Gammu SMS Daemon. This issue affects Gammu SMS Daemon versions: *.*.
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Medium 5.9
Gammu SMS Daemon - Critical - Unsupported - SA-CONTRIB-2026-100
Vulnerability in Drupal Gammu SMS Daemon. This issue affects Gammu SMS Daemon versions: *.*.
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High 8.7
CompactLogix® 5380 / ControlLogix® 5580 - Multiple Vulnerabilities
A denial-of-service security issue exists in the affected Logix platforms listed in the table above. The security issue stems from improper validation of input length during CIP message processing. This can result in a major nonrecoverable fault (MNRF), requi…
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High 7.5
Internally found bugs fixed in Thunderbird 155 and Thunderbird ESR 153.2
Internally found bugs present in Thunderbird 154 and Thunderbird ESR 153.1. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption or another security-relevant defect and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited. This vulner…
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High 7.5
Internally found bugs fixed in Thunderbird 155, Thunderbird ESR 153.2 and Thunderbird ESR 140.15
Internally found bugs present in Thunderbird 154, Thunderbird ESR 153.1 and Thunderbird ESR 140.14. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption or another security-relevant defect and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have bee…