Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
3,730 results · Feed
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High 8.8
Tenda FH1202 webtypelibrary formWebTypeLibrary stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was detected in Tenda FH1202 1.2.0.14(408). The affected element is the function formWebTypeLibrary of the file /goform/webtypelibrary. Performing a manipulation of the argument webSiteId results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may …
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High 8.8
Tenda FH1202 AdvSetWrlsafeset formWrlsafeset stack-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Tenda FH1202 1.2.0.14(408). Impacted is the function formWrlsafeset of the file /goform/AdvSetWrlsafeset. Such manipulation of the argument mit_ssid/mit_ssid_index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack …
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High 8.8
Tenda i3 WifiMacFilterSet formWifiMacFilterSet stack-based overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda i3 1.0.0.6(2204). This vulnerability affects the function formWifiMacFilterSet of the file /goform/WifiMacFilterSet. The manipulation of the argument index results in stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to …
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High 8.8
Tenda i3 WifiMacFilterGet formWifiMacFilterGet stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda i3 1.0.0.6(2204). This affects the function formWifiMacFilterGet of the file /goform/WifiMacFilterGet. The manipulation of the argument index leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack r…
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High 8.8
Tenda i3 exeCommand formexeCommand stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda i3 1.0.0.6(2204). Affected by this issue is the function formexeCommand of the file /goform/exeCommand. Executing a manipulation of the argument cmdinput can lead to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be perfor…
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High 8.8
Tenda i3 setAutoPing formSetAutoPing stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda i3 1.0.0.6(2204). Affected by this vulnerability is the function formSetAutoPing of the file /goform/setAutoPing. Performing a manipulation of the argument ping1/ping2 results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack is po…
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High 8.8
Tenda i3 setcfm formSetCfm stack-based overflow
A flaw has been found in Tenda i3 1.0.0.6(2204). This impacts the function formSetCfm of the file /goform/setcfm. This manipulation of the argument funcpara1 causes stack-based buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has be…
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 WrlclientSet stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was detected in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. Affected by this issue is the function WrlclientSet of the file /goform/WrlclientSet. The manipulation of the argument GO results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be executed remotely. The expl…
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 WrlExtraSet formWrlExtraSet stack-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formWrlExtraSet of the file /goform/WrlExtraSet. The manipulation of the argument GO leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of …
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 exeCommand strcpy stack-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. This affects the function strcpy of the file /goform/exeCommand. The manipulation of the argument cmdinput leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. …
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Medium 5.3
libssh SFTP Extension Name sftp.c sftp_extensions_get_data out-of-bounds
A weakness has been identified in libssh up to 0.11.3. The impacted element is the function sftp_extensions_get_name/sftp_extensions_get_data of the file src/sftp.c of the component SFTP Extension Name Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument idx can…
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 PPTPDClient fromPptpUserAdd stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3/3.As. Impacted is the function fromPptpUserAdd of the file /goform/PPTPDClient. Such manipulation of the argument username/opttype leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be executed remotely. …
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 setcfm fromSetCfm stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3/1.If. This issue affects the function fromSetCfm of the file /goform/setcfm. This manipulation of the argument funcname/funcpara1 causes stack-based buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is pos…
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 QuickIndex sub_3C6C0 stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. This vulnerability affects the function sub_3C6C0 of the file /goform/QuickIndex. The manipulation of the argument mit_linktype/PPPOEPassword results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched r…
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 webExcptypemanFilter fromwebExcptypemanFilter stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. This affects the function fromwebExcptypemanFilter of the file /goform/webExcptypemanFilter. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely…
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High 8.8
Wavlink WL-WN579X3-C firewall.cgi sub_40139C stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Wavlink WL-WN579X3-C 231124. This affects the function sub_40139C of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument del_flag results in stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack …
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Medium 5.3
pnggroup libpng pnm2png pnm2png.c do_pnm2png heap-based overflow
A flaw has been found in pnggroup libpng up to 1.6.55. Affected by this vulnerability is the function do_pnm2png of the file contrib/pngminus/pnm2png.c of the component pnm2png. This manipulation of the argument width/height causes heap-based buffer overflow.…
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Critical 9.8
Wavlink NU516U1 login.cgi sub_401A10 out-of-bounds write
A flaw has been found in Wavlink NU516U1 251208. This affects the function sub_401A10 of the file /cgi-bin/login.cgi. Executing a manipulation of the argument ipaddr can lead to out-of-bounds write. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has bee…
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High 8.8
H3C Magic B1 aspForm Edit_BasicSSID_5G buffer overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in H3C Magic B1 up to 100R004. Affected by this vulnerability is the function Edit_BasicSSID_5G of the file /goform/aspForm. Such manipulation of the argument param leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be execute…
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High 8.8
UTT HiPER 810G formConfigDnsFilterGlobal strcpy buffer overflow
A weakness has been identified in UTT HiPER 810G up to 1.7.7-171114. Affected is the function strcpy of the file /goform/formConfigDnsFilterGlobal. This manipulation causes buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been m…
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High 8.8
UTT HiPER 810G formRemoteControl strcpy buffer overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in UTT HiPER 810G up to 1.7.7-171114. This impacts the function strcpy of the file /goform/formRemoteControl. The manipulation results in buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been released t…
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High 8.8
UTT HiPER 810G NTP strcpy buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in UTT HiPER 810G up to 1.7.7-171114. This affects the function strcpy of the file /goform/NTP. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.
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Medium 6.3
Planet ICG-2510 Language Package Configuration httpd sub_40C8E4 stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Planet ICG-2510 1.0_20250811. The impacted element is the function sub_40C8E4 of the file /usr/sbin/httpd of the component Language Package Configuration Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument Language can lead to …
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High 8.8
Tenda FH451 QuickIndex formQuickIndex stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formQuickIndex of the file /goform/QuickIndex. Such manipulation of the argument mit_linktype/PPPOEPassword leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possi…
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High 8.8
Tenda FH451 AdvSetWan sub_3C434 stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. Affected is the function sub_3C434 of the file /goform/AdvSetWan. This manipulation of the argument wanmode/PPPOEPassword causes stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely…
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High 8.8
Tenda FH451 setcfm fromSetCfm stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. This impacts the function fromSetCfm of the file /goform/setcfm. The manipulation of the argument funcname/funcpara1 results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit…
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Low 3.3
xlnt-community xlnt Encrypted XLSX File compound_document.cpp read_directory out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was determined in xlnt-community xlnt up to 1.6.1. Impacted is the function xlnt::detail::compound_document::read_directory of the file source/detail/cryptography/compound_document.cpp of the component Encrypted XLSX File Parser. Executing a m…
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Low 3.3
xlnt-community xlnt XLSX File compound_document.cpp xsgetn out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in xlnt-community xlnt up to 1.6.1. This issue affects the function xlnt::detail::compound_document_istreambuf::xsgetn of the file source/detail/cryptography/compound_document.cpp of the component XLSX File Parser. Performing a manip…
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High 7.2
Wavlink WL-NU516U1 login.cgi sub_401A0C stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 V240425. This vulnerability affects the function sub_401A0C of the file /cgi-bin/login.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument ipaddr leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack…
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Low 3.3
Ettercap etterfilter ef_output.c add_data_segment out-of-bounds
A vulnerability has been found in Ettercap 0.8.4-Garofalo. Affected by this vulnerability is the function add_data_segment of the file src/ettercap/utils/etterfilter/ef_output.c of the component etterfilter. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. Local…
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Medium 6.8
A vulnerability in the OSPF protocol of Cisco Secure Firewall ASA Software and Cisco Secure FTD Software could allow an…
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Low 3.7
aws-kms-tls-auth vulnerable to memory overallocation
### Summary aws-kms-tls-auth is an optional utility for s2n-tls that enables customers to use AWS KMS keys as part of the PSK extension field in a TLS 1.3 handshake. An issue exists in this library that can lead to overallocation of memory potentially resulti…
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High 8.8
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer in Portwell Engineering Toolkits
An improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer vulnerability in Portwell Engineering Toolkits version 4.8.2 could allow a local authenticated attacker to read and write to arbitrary memory via the Portwell Engineering Toolkits driv…
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Low 3.3
xlnt-community xlnt Compound Document binary.hpp append heap-based overflow
A weakness has been identified in xlnt-community xlnt up to 1.6.1. Impacted is the function xlnt::detail::binary_writer::append of the file source/detail/binary.hpp of the component Compound Document Parser. This manipulation causes heap-based buffer overflow…
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High 8.8
LLM-Claw Agent Deployment initiate.c agent_deploy_init buffer overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in LLM-Claw 0.1.0/0.1.1/0.1.1a/0.1.1a-p1. The affected element is the function agent_deploy_init of the file /agents/deploy/initiate.c of the component Agent Deployment. Such manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It…
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Low 3.3
YosysHQ yosys BLIF File rtlil.h set heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in YosysHQ yosys up to 0.62. This affects the function Yosys::RTLIL::Const::set of the file kernel/rtlil.h of the component BLIF File Parser. This manipulation causes heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the atta…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC15 TextEditingConversion stack-based overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda AC15 up to 15.13.07.13. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /goform/TextEditingConversion. The manipulation of the argument wpapsk_crypto2_4g results in stack-based buffer overflow. The…
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 httpd GstDhcpSetSer fromGstDhcpSetSer buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. Affected by this vulnerability is the function fromGstDhcpSetSer of the file /goform/GstDhcpSetSer of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument dips leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be …
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High 8.8
Tenda F453 httpd AdvSetWan fromAdvSetWan buffer overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. Affected is the function fromAdvSetWan of the file /goform/AdvSetWan of the component httpd. Executing a manipulation of the argument wanmode/PPPOEPassword can lead to buffer overflow. The attack can be la…
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Low 3.3
jarikomppa soloud WAV File soloud_wav.cpp loadwav memory corruption
A vulnerability was detected in jarikomppa soloud up to 20200207. This affects the function SoLoud::Wav::loadwav of the file src/audiosource/wav/soloud_wav.cpp of the component WAV File Parser. Performing a manipulation results in memory corruption. The attac…