Weakness (CWE)
CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
More detail
In some cases, XSS-style attacks can work, which can obscure the root cause if the developer does not closely investigate the root cause of the error.
Template engines can be used on the server or client, so both "sides" could be affected by injection. The mechanisms of attack or the affected technologies might be different, but the mistake is fundamentally the same.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
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Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
Source: MITRE CWE-1336
31 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-125757 Public exploit
mailcow: dockerized before 2026-11 Template Injection RCE via Domain-Wide Footer
mailcow: dockerized before 2026-11 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability that allows domain administrators to execute commands in the shared rspamd container by storing a malicious domain-wide footer. Attackers can embed a Jinja macro with a…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-44267 Public exploit
Elo: Sandbox escape to arbitrary Node.js / browser code execution via unfiltered `.constructor` member access in Elo JavaScript emitter
Elo is a purely functional expression language for no-code tools. Prior to 1.0.1, plain Elo strings supplied to defaultFormats.elo.parse(), bin/elo, or elo-lang.org/try can use .constructor.constructor to reach JavaScript Function because the member_access ha…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-103849 Public exploit
Adobe Commerce | Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine (CWE-1336)
Adobe Commerce is affected by an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the vict…
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Critical 9.9
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine in GitLab AI Gateway
GitLab has remediated a vulnerability in the GitLab AI Gateway component affecting all versions of the AI Gateway from 18.1.6 before 19.2.4, 19.3 before 19.3.2, and 19.4 before 19.4.1 that, under certain conditions, could have allowed an authenticated user wi…
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Critical 10.0
Adobe Commerce | Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine (CWE-1336)
Adobe Commerce is affected by an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbi…
KEV Sep 8, 2026 -
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-66613 Public exploit
WordPress JetEngine plugin <= 3.8.14 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in JetEngine <= 3.8.14 versions.
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Critical 9.4
FOSSBilling: Server-side template injection in Twig template rendering enables information disclosure and RCE
FOSSBilling is a free, open-source billing and client management system. Versions prior to 0.8.0 have a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in the template rendering system. Administrators with access to features that render Twig templates (em…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-54390 Public exploit
JTL Shop < 5.7.2 Server-Side Template Injection via Smarty Renderer
JTL Shop versions 5.2.0 through 5.7.1 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to inject malicious template syntax due to unsanitized user-supplied input passed to the Smarty template engine. Attackers can …
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Critical 9.9CVE-2026-9558 Public exploit
Mautic has Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Theme Templates
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in Mautic's theme engine. The platform renders uploaded Twig templates without a sandbox or strict function restrictions. Authenticated users with permissions to create or upload themes can abuse th…
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Critical 9.0
Thymeleaf: Improper recognition of unauthorized syntax patterns in sandboxed Thymeleaf expressions
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Prior to 3.1.5.RELEASE, a security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf. Although the library provides mechanisms to avoid the exec…
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Critical 9.1
Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expressio…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-39980 Public exploit
OpenCTI affected by RCE via notifier template
OpenCTI is an open source platform for managing cyber threat intelligence knowledge and observables. Prior to 6.9.5, the safeEjs.ts file does not properly sanitize EJS templates. Users with the Manage customization capability can run arbitrary JavaScript in t…
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Critical 9.1
GLPI has a Server-Side Template Injection via Double-Compilation
GLPI is a free asset and IT management software package. From 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6, template injection by an administrator lead to RCE. This vulnerability is fixed in 11.0.6.
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-27641 Public exploit
Flask-Reuploaded vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Server-Side Template Injection
Flask-Reuploaded provides file uploads for Flask. A critical path traversal and extension bypass vulnerability in versions prior to 1.5.0 allows remote attackers to achieve arbitrary file write and remote code execution through Server-Side Template Injection …
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-25526 Public exploit
JinJava Bypass through ForTag leads to Arbitrary Java Execution
JinJava is a Java-based template engine based on django template syntax, adapted to render jinja templates. Prior to versions 2.7.6 and 2.8.3, JinJava is vulnerable to arbitrary Java execution via bypass through ForTag. This allows arbitrary Java class instan…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-64087 Public exploit
XDocReport affected by a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in the FreeMarker component of opensagres XDocReport v1.0.0 to v2.1.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting crafted template expressions.
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Critical 9.9CVE-2025-14700 Public exploit
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine in Crafty Controller
An input neutralization vulnerability in the Webhook Template component of Crafty Controller allows a remote, authenticated attacker to perform remote code execution via Server Side Template Injection.
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-52122 Public exploit
The Freeform CraftCMS plugin contains an Server-side template injection (SSTI) vulnerability
Freeform 5.0.0 to before 5.10.16, a plugin for CraftCMS, contains an Server-side template injection (SSTI) vulnerability, resulting in arbitrary code injection for all users that have access to editing a form (submission title).
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Critical 10.0
Sawtooth Software Lighthouse Studio < 9.16.14 Pre-Authentication RCE
A template injection vulnerability exists in Sawtooth Software’s Lighthouse Studio versions prior to 9.16.14 via the ciwweb.pl http://ciwweb.pl/ Perl web application. Exploitation allows an unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary commands.
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Critical 10.0
LaRecipe is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection attacks
LaRecipe is an application that allows users to create documentation with Markdown inside a Laravel app. Versions prior to 2.8.1 are vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI), which could potentially lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in vulnerable…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2025-49136 Public exploit
listmonk's Sprig template Injection vulnerability leads to reading of Environment Variable for low privilege user
listmonk is a standalone, self-hosted, newsletter and mailing list manager. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 5.0.2, the `env` and `expandenv` template functions which is enabled by default in Sprig enables capturing of env variables on host. Whi…
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Critical 10.0
Invision Community 5.0.0 before 5.0.7 allows remote code execution via crafted template strings to themeeditor.php. The…
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Critical 10.0
Tandoor Recipes - SSTI - Remote Code Execution
Tandoor Recipes is an application for managing recipes, planning meals, and building shopping lists. A Jinja2 SSTI vulnerability allows any user to execute commands on the server. In the case of the provided Docker Compose file as root. This vulnerability is …
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Critical 9.9CVE-2024-12583 Public exploit
Dynamics 365 Integration <= 1.3.23 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Remote Code Execution and Arbitrary File Read via Twig Server-Side Template Injection
The Dynamics 365 Integration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution and Arbitrary File Read in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.23 via Twig Server-Side Template Injection. This is due to missing input validation and sanitization on …
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Critical 9.9
WPML Multilingual CMS <= 4.6.12 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Remote Code Execution via Twig Server-Side Template Injection
The WPML plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 4.6.12 via Twig Server-Side Template Injection. This is due to missing input validation and sanitization on the render function. This makes it possible …
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Critical 9.8
Rejetto HTTP File Server 2.3m Unauthenticated RCE
Rejetto HTTP File Server, up to and including version 2.3m, is vulnerable to a template injection vulnerability. This vulnerability allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the affected system by sending a specially crafted H…
KEV Jul 9, 2024 -
Critical 10.0
Server Side Template Injection in Jinja2 allows Remote Command Execution
changedetection.io is an open source web page change detection, website watcher, restock monitor and notification service. There is a Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Jinja2 that allows Remote Command Execution on the server host. Attackers can run an…
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Critical 9.8
Unauthenticated arbitrary file read and remote code execution in CrushFTP
A server side template injection vulnerability in CrushFTP in all versions before 10.7.1 and 11.1.0 on all platforms allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read files from the filesystem outside of the VFS Sandbox, bypass authentication to gain administra…
KEV Apr 24, 2024 -
Critical 9.8
Gibbon through 26.0.00 allows /modules/School%20Admin/messengerSettings.php Server Side Template Injection leading to R…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2022-0944 Public exploit
Template injection in connection test endpoint leads to RCE in sqlpad/sqlpad
Template injection in connection test endpoint leads to RCE in GitHub repository sqlpad/sqlpad prior to 6.10.1.
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Critical 9.8CVE-2021-46703 Public exploit
Code injection in RazorEngine
In the IsolatedRazorEngine component of Antaris RazorEngine through 4.5.1-alpha001, an attacker can execute arbitrary .NET code in a sandboxed environment (if users can externally control template contents). NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that…