Weakness (CWE)
CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.
Source: MITRE CWE-407
307 results · Feed
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High 7.5
nltk PorterStemmer before 3.10.3 Quadratic-time DoS
nltk PorterStemmer in versions <= 3.10.2 (fixed in 3.10.3) contains an inefficient-algorithmic-complexity denial of service in PorterStemmer.stem(). The _is_consonant() helper walks backward over the entire run of trailing 'y' characters on every call, and _m…
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High 8.7
Apache APISIX: Unauthenticated CPU-exhaustion DoS
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in Apache APISIX. A single small request can pin a gateway worker at 100% CPU for an extended period in graphql-limit-count routes. This issue affects Apache APISIX: 3.17.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to …
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Medium 5.3CVE-2026-77680 Public exploit
Libsoup3: libsoup: quadratic cpu denial of service in http range coalescing after cve-2025-32907 fix
An algorithmic complexity flaw exists in libsoup's HTTP Range header processing that persists after the CVE-2025-32907 fix. CVE-2025-32907 addressed memory amplification when a client repeated the same range many times in a single Range header. Commit 9bb92f7…
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High 7.5
icalendar: Algorithmic Complexity in Equality
icalendar is an RFC 5545 compatible parser and generator of iCalendar files for Python. From 7.1.0 until 7.1.3, the Component equality method in src/icalendar/cal/component.py compares nested subcomponents with two membership loops, and each membership test i…
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High 7.5
justhtml before 1.18.0 Denial of Service via CSS Selector
justhtml before 1.18.0 contains multiple low-severity denial-of-service issues in CSS selector handling and linkification. Applications that evaluate attacker-controlled selector strings (via query(), matches(), or selector-based transforms), run selector mat…
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Medium 5.9
Regular Expression Denial of Service (DoS) through the REST API in Splunk Connect for Kafka
In Splunk Connect for Kafka versions below 2.2.7, an unauthenticated user who can reach the Kafka Connect Representational State Transfer (REST) API could configure timestamp extraction with a crafted regular expression and matching event data to block a Kafk…
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High 8.7
Netty: Fragmented ClientHello records trigger quadratic pre-handshake reassembly in default SNI parsing
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final, the default io.netty.handler.ssl.SniHandler constructors use the pre-handshake ClientHello aggregation path in handler/src/main/java/io/netty/handle…
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High 7.5
Expat Denial of Service via storeAtts() Quadratic Complexity
Expat through 2.8.3 contains a denial of service vulnerability caused by quadratic algorithmic complexity in the storeAtts() function in xmlparse.c, where processing N specified attributes with non-normalized values triggers an O(N^2) linear scan of elementTy…
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High 8.7
sqlparse: TokenList.__init__ materializes O(subtree) value per group, causing CPU DoS before depth/token caps trigger
sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser module for Python. Prior to 0.6.0, TokenList construction and string conversion in sqlparse/sql.py repeatedly flatten nested token subtrees constructed by group_parenthesis and group_case, causing quadratic CPU consumpt…
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High 8.7
sqlparse: Quadratic O(n²) DoS in group_comments
sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser module for Python. Prior to 0.6.0, group_comments in sqlparse/engine/grouping.py repeatedly rescans comment-only statements before the MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS guard, causing quadratic CPU consumption through sqlparse.parse(…
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Medium 5.9
Avoid quadratic complexity in resolvePath in net/url
Previously, resolving relative paths containing parent directory ('..') segments performed string conversions and buffer rewrites on each step, resulting in quadratic time complexity and high memory allocation overhead. Now, path resolution operates on a byte…
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Medium 6.5
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in Kibana Leading to Denial of Service
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity (CWE-407) in Kibana can lead to denial of service via Input Data Manipulation (CAPEC-153). A specially crafted, deeply nested expression submitted to a Kibana TSVB visualization is evaluated with a worst-case cost that grows…
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Medium 4.3
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in Elasticsearch Leading to Denial of Service
A flaw in Elasticsearch allows a low-privileged authenticated user who can index documents to submit a single small document containing a crafted user-supplied input. Processing one such document occupies a worker thread from a bounded pool for a disproportio…
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High 7.5
js-yaml: Exponential parsing time in the flow collections leads to denial of service
js-yaml is a JavaScript YAML parser and dumper. From 5.0.0 until 5.2.2, parsing a small YAML document can take exponential time when an application calls load() or loadAll() on untrusted input. In src/parser/parser.ts, readFlowCollection uses restoreState and…
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High 7.5
ParseAcceptLanguage quadratic-time DoS via Locale middleware on unauthenticated requests
ParseAcceptLanguage quadratic-time DoS via Locale middleware on unauthenticated requests
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High 7.5
rsync < 3.5.0 Algorithmic Complexity DoS via hash_search()
rsync before 3.5.0 contains an algorithmic complexity vulnerability in the hash_search() function that allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service by delivering a carefully constructed file list. A sender can exploit the quadratic-time worst-case be…
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High 8.7
Shescape: Quadratic-time denial of service in flag-protection
Shescape is a simple shell escape library for JavaScript. From 2.1.11 until 2.1.14 and 3.0.1, the flag-protection loop in compose in src/internal/compose.js repeatedly joins and slices flag fragments when flagProtection is enabled, which is the default, makin…
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Medium 5.3
Hono: Algorithmic Complexity DoS in Language Middleware
Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. From 4.12.0 to 4.12.33, the languageDetector middleware is vulnerable to algorithmic complexity denial of service when processing a crafted language tag containing a large n…
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High 7.5
league/commonmark: Denial of service via duplicate footnote definitions
### Impact The Footnote extension records one backref per footnote *reference* and then appends the **entire** backref list for **every** footnote *definition* block in the document, without ever de-duplicating or removing repeated definitions of the same lab…
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High 7.5
league/commonmark: Denial of service via adjacent inline attribute blocks
### Impact With the Attributes extension enabled, `AttributesListener::findTargetAndDirection()` resolves each attribute node's target by walking outward through its siblings. For a run of N adjacent inline attribute blocks placed at the start of a block (wit…
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High 7.5
league/commonmark: Quadratic-time denial of service when parsing crafted Markdown
league/commonmark is a PHP library for parsing and rendering CommonMark Markdown. From 0.6.0 until 2.9.0, specially crafted Markdown lines can cause the parser to have quadratic time complexity when converting, because several parsing paths repeatedly rescan …
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High 7.5
JS-YAML: Quadratic CPU consumption in !!omap resolution (3.x and 4.x) — CVE-2026-59870 fix not backported
# Quadratic CPU consumption in `!!omap` resolution (js-yaml 3.x and 4.x) ## Summary `resolveYamlOmap()` enforces key uniqueness for `!!omap` sequences with a linear scan (`objectKeys.indexOf(...)`) inside the per-element loop, making resolution **O(n²)** in t…
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High 8.2
Quadratic sibling re-flattening in the html_sanitize_ex traversal engine allows CPU-exhaustion denial of service
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in the traversal engine in rrrene html_sanitize_ex allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to exhaust server CPU and memory via a flat run of sibling elements in sanitized HTML. The list clause of HtmlSanitiz…
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High 7.5
Nuxt: Unauthenticated CPU exhaustion parsing and hashing the Nuxt island endpoint body before hash validation
Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. From 3.1.0 until 3.21.10 and 4.5.1, the internal island renderer endpoint `/__nuxt_island/...` decodes and hashes attacker-controlled JSON body input with destr and ohash before validating the URL-r…
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High 8.7
Quadratic-time escaping when stringifying X.500 distinguished names
In Bouncy Castle for Java before 1.85, Quadratic-time escaping when stringifying X.500 distinguished names. This issue also affects Bouncy Castle for Java LTS before 2.73.12, and Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS (BC-FJA) before bc-fips 1.0.2.7 (1.0.X series), 2.0.…
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Medium 5.9
cJSON cJSON_Compare Exponential Complexity Denial of Service
cJSON through 1.7.19 contains an inefficient algorithmic complexity flaw in cJSON_Compare(). When comparing objects, the function recurses into each shared subtree twice, once in each direction, with no depth guard, making the running time exponential in nest…
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Low 2.0
Quadratic Behavior in xml.etree.ElementPath Index Predicates
`Element.findall()` and fully-consumed `Element.iterfind()` exhibit `O(n^2)` time complexity when using XPath index predicates (e.g. `[1]`, `[last()]`, `[last()-N]`) on XML documents with many same-tag siblings. `Element.find()` is only affected when the firs…
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High 8.7
React Router: Unauthenticated Denial of Service via Inefficient Route Matching
React Router is a router for React. In versions 7.0.0 through 7.17.0, the manifest endpoint could be accessed via unauthenticated targeted requests that would put heavy load on the server and slow down response times. This issue is a follow up to CVE-2026-423…
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Medium 6.3
Next.js: Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API using SVGs
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. In versions 15.5.0 through 15.5.20 and 16.0.0 through 16.2.10, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API can optimize remotely hosted images if co…
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High 8.7
Apache Thrift: Node.js quadratic-time DoS in server receive transports
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity, Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in Apache Thrift Node.js bindings. This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.24.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.24.0, which fixes the issu…
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High 8.7
Quadratic CPU blow-up reassembling fragmented WebSocket messages in Bandit
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in mtrudel bandit allows unauthenticated remote denial of service via CPU exhaustion during WebSocket fragment reassembly. The size guard 'Elixir.Bandit.WebSocket.Connection':oversize_message?/2 called from han…
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Medium 6.5
MongoDB $jsonSchema Query Operator Excessive CPU Consumption Leading to Denial of Service
Certain query operations involving deeply nested $jsonSchema constructs can trigger disproportionate CPU consumption in affected MongoDB deployments, potentially leading to resource exhaustion. The resulting CPU-bound operation cannot be interrupted through s…
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High 7.5
pyasn1: Quadratic complexity in OBJECT IDENTIFIER and RELATIVE-OID processing allows denial of service
pyasn1 is a generic ASN.1 library for Python. Prior to 0.6.4, the BER, CER, and DER decoders process OBJECT IDENTIFIER and RELATIVE-OID values in quadratic time relative to the number of arcs, so a small crafted payload containing an OID with many arcs consum…
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High 8.7
Parse Server: Denial of service via exponential-time processing of deeply nested query operators
Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.9.1-alpha.12 and 8.6.82, deeply nested $or, $and, and $nor query condition operators in the REST API or LiveQuery query handling could trigger e…
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High 8.7
py7zr: O(n^2) algorithmic complexity DoS in PackInfo._read()
py7zr is a Python-based library and utility to support 7zip archive compression, decompression, encryption and decryption. Prior to 1.1.3, PackInfo._read() in archiveinfo.py used an O(n^2) cumulative sum pattern for attacker-controlled numstreams values parse…
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High 7.5
Elysia: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity and Interpretation Conflict
Elysia is a Typescript framework for request validation, type inference, OpenAPI documentation, and client-server communication. Prior to 1.4.29, Elysia uses getAll in form data normalization for multipart/form-data endpoints, causing the amount of work to gr…
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High 7.5
Mistune block_parser: quadratic-time parsing on long lists of repeated reference-link definitions
Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, a Markdown document containing many repeated or distinct reference-link definitions causes quadratic work in src/mistune/block_parser.py and the ref_links environment dictionary h…
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High 7.5
inline_parser: quadratic-time parsing on long runs of `**x**` and `***x***` emphasis pairs
Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, long sequences of well-formed double-asterisk or triple-asterisk emphasis pairs around a character cause quadratic work in src/mistune/inline_parser.py because the parser scans fo…
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High 7.5
Mistune plugins/formatting: quadratic-time parsing on long runs of `~~x~~`, `==x==`, and `^^x^^` markers (strikethrough / mark / insert)
Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, a run of closed tilde, equals-sign, or caret marker pairs around a character causes quadratic work in src/mistune/plugins/formatting.py when the strikethrough, mark, or insert plu…
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High 7.5
linkify-it: Quadratic-complexity DoS via the `mailto:` validator scan-loop on attacker text
linkify-it is a links recognition library with full Unicode support. Prior to 5.0.2, the mailto: schema validator used by .test() and .match() can be invoked at every mailto: occurrence and scan the remaining input through src_email_name in lib/re.mjs, causin…