Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
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System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
3,210 results · Feed
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Critical 9.4
DbGate Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via loadReader functionName code injection
DbGate is cross-platform database manager. Versions 7.1.8 and prior are vulnerable to authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE). Any user with valid DbGate credentials can execute arbitrary OS commands as root by exploiting an unsanitized `functionName` param…
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Medium 5.3
release-it conventional-changelog Changelog File index.js writeChangelog os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in release-it conventional-changelog up to 11.0.1. This affects the function writeChangelog of the file index.js of the component Changelog File Handler. Such manipulation of the argument infile leads to os command i…
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Medium 5.3
bahmutov find-cypress-specs Branch index.js shell.exec os command injection
A weakness has been identified in bahmutov find-cypress-specs up to 1.54.12. The impacted element is the function shell.exec of the file src/index.js of the component Branch Handler. This manipulation of the argument --branch causes os command injection. The …
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Medium 5.3
publint package-manager pack.js child_process.exec os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in publint up to 0.1.4. This impacts the function child_process.exec of the file src/node/pack.js of the component package-manager Command Handler. The manipulation results in os command injection. Attacking locally is a requireme…
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Medium 5.3
syncfusion ej2-javascript-ui-controls package.json child_process.exec os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in syncfusion ej2-javascript-ui-controls up to 33.2.3. This affects the function child_process.exec of the file package.json. The manipulation leads to os command injection. An attack has to be approached locally. Th…
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Medium 5.3
danger danger-js CLI localGetFileAtSHA.ts danger.git.diffForFile os command injection
A vulnerability was identified in danger danger-js up to 13.0.7. Impacted is the function danger.git.diffForFile of the file source/platforms/git/localGetFileAtSHA.ts of the component CLI. Such manipulation of the argument File leads to os command injection. …
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Medium 5.3
oclif JIT Plugin Entry child_process.exec os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in oclif up to 4.23.16. Affected by this vulnerability is the function child_process.exec of the component JIT Plugin Entry Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument jitPlugins results in os command injection. The attack …
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Medium 5.5
umijs umi GIT File Helper getFileGitIno.ts git.getFileCreateInfo os command injection
A weakness has been identified in umijs umi up to 4.6.63. The affected element is the function git.getFileCreateInfo of the file packages/utils/src/getFileGitIno.ts of the component GIT File Helper. This manipulation causes os command injection. The exploit h…
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Medium 5.3
jsforce SFDX Connection Registry sfdx.js _execCommand os command injection
A vulnerability was identified in jsforce up to 3.10.16. This issue affects the function _execCommand in the library lib/registry/sfdx.js of the component SFDX Connection Registry. The manipulation leads to os command injection. The attack can only be perform…
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Medium 5.0
QUSETIONS MiniCode-Python Project File config.py subprocess.Popen os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in QUSETIONS MiniCode-Python 0.1.0. This vulnerability affects the function subprocess.Popen of the file minicode/config.py of the component Project File Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to os command injection. The at…
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Critical 9.3
MCP-for-Stata: Command injection via log_file_name parameter in Stata command wrapper
MCP-for-Stata is an MCP server for Stata to integrate Stata into an agent. Prior to version 1.17.3, the `log_file_name` parameter in the `stata_do` API and CLI is directly interpolated into a Stata command string without sanitization. The security guard (`Gua…
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High 7.5
MeltanoHub vulnerable to command injection in the `test_dispatcher` GitHub Actions workflow
MeltanoHub is the source code for hub.meltano.com, the central place for Meltano plugins. Versions of the repo prior to commit 923820de8f64d753951fbbd54f7282a3d5f75173 were vulnerable to exfiltration of `GITHUB_TOKEN` with write permissions to the repository.…
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High 7.2
Authenticated Command Injection allows arbitrary command execution in CLI Interface
A vulnerability in the command line interface of ECOS devices could allow a highly privileged, authenticated remote attacker to perform command injection on certain CLI commands. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on…
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Medium 6.3
D-Link DNS-1550-04 remote_backup.cgi cgi_check_rsync_rw command injection
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05 and DNS-1550-04 up to 20260205. The …
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Low 3.9
Libssh: libssh: information disclosure via proxycommand %r username expansion
A flaw was found in libssh. A malicious username expanded through %r in ProxyCommand handling can inject shell metacharacters, exposing environment variables and causing unintended shell behavior.
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Medium 5.0
LiuMengxuan04 MiniCode mcp.ts child_process.spawn command injection
A flaw has been found in LiuMengxuan04 MiniCode 0.1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function child_process.spawn of the file mcp.ts. Executing a manipulation can lead to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The attack requires a hi…
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Critical 9.4
SurrealDB before 2.2.2 SurrealQL Injection via export
SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 fails to properly escape table and field names in the command-line export command. An authenticated System User with OWNER or EDITOR roles can create tables or fields with malicious names cont…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-52199 Public exploit
An issue in Generic OEM UZ801_v2.1 4G LTE Router V3.4.3 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the sbin…
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High 7.8
Tabby: Drag-and-drop path injection still allows RCE via shell command substitution (incomplete fix for CVE-2026-45038)
Tabby (formerly Terminus) is a highly configurable terminal emulator. Prior to 1.0.234, Tabby inserts dropped file paths from tabby-electron/src/pathDrop.ts into the active shell without neutralizing command substitution metacharacters such as $(…) and `…`, s…
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Critical 9.8
GPT Researcher MCP STDIO configuration allows remote command execution
An issue in Open Source GPT Researcher v3.3.7 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on a victim system via user interaction with a crafted HTML page.
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Critical 9.8
LiteLLM 1.18.10 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its MCP server creation functionality. The applicatio…
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High 8.8
Windows Admin Center (WAC) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows Admin Center allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Medium 6.3
Outlook Copilot Tampering Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Outlook Copilot allows an authorized attacker to perform tampering over a network.
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High 7.8
Clipboard User Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows Clipboard User Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8CVE-2026-58635 Public exploit
Windows Narrator Braille Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows Narrator Braille allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.4
Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Visual Studio Code allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
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Critical 9.6
Microsoft Edge Copilot Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Copilot Chat (Microsoft Edge) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Medium 5.3
louisho5 picobot exec Tool exec.go ExecTool.Execute os command injection
A vulnerability was found in louisho5 picobot up to 0.2.0. This issue affects the function ExecTool.Execute of the file internal/agent/tools/exec.go of the component exec Tool. The manipulation results in os command injection. The attack requires a local appr…
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Critical 9.3
Command injection in NPC start web endpoint
The NPC start endpoint on the web server at port 8090 is vulnerable to command injection.
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Critical 9.3
Command injection in diagnosis web endpoint
The network diagnosis endpoint on the web server at port 8090 is vulnerable to command injection.
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Medium 6.3
Shibby Tomato CIFS Mount sub_2D048 os command injection
A weakness has been identified in Shibby Tomato up to 1.28.0000. This affects the function sub_2D048 of the component CIFS Mount Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument cifs1/cifs2 can lead to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotel…
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Medium 6.3
Shibby Tomato start_jffs2 sub_2D568 os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Shibby Tomato up to 1.28.0000. Affected by this issue is the function sub_2D568 of the component start_jffs2. Performing a manipulation of the argument jffs2_exec results in os command injection. Remote exploitation of t…
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Medium 6.3
Wavlink WL-NU516U1 adm.cgi wlink_uci_set_value os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 260515. This affects the function wlink_uci_set_value of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument lan_ip results in os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotel…
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Critical 9.8
Comfast CF-WR631AX V3 FastCGI Backend webmgnt system_wl_upload_pic_file os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in Comfast CF-WR631AX V3 up to 2.7.0.8. Affected by this vulnerability is the function system_wl_upload_pic_file of the file /usr/bin/webmgnt of the component FastCGI Backend. This manipulation of the argument filename causes os…
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Medium 6.3
SonicCloudOrg sonic-agent Groovy Script GroovyScriptImpl.java evalIsFailed os command injection
A vulnerability was found in SonicCloudOrg sonic-agent up to 2.7.2. The impacted element is the function evalIsFailed of the file sonic-agent/src/main/java/org/cloud/sonic/agent/tests/script/GroovyScriptImpl.java of the component Groovy Script Handler. The ma…
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Medium 6.3
SonicCloudOrg sonic-agent Android WebSocket Server AndroidWSServer.java os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in SonicCloudOrg sonic-agent up to 2.7.2. The affected element is an unknown function of the file AndroidWSServer.java of the component Android WebSocket Server. The manipulation of the argument path leads to os command injectio…
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Medium 6.3
TRENDnet TEW-821DAP Firmware Update system_ntp sub_41FBD0 os command injection
A vulnerability was found in TRENDnet TEW-821DAP 1.11B03. This impacts the function sub_41FBD0 of the file /goform/system_ntp of the component Firmware Update Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument Hostname results in os command injection. The att…
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Medium 6.3
TRENDnet TEW-821DAP Firmware Update tools_ddns sub_42026C os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in TRENDnet TEW-821DAP 1.11B03. This affects the function sub_42026C of the file /goform/tools_ddns of the component Firmware Update Handler. Such manipulation of the argument hostname/username/password leads to os command injec…
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Medium 6.3
TRENDnet TEW-821DAP DNS Lookup tools_nslookup sub_43F2C4 os command injection
A flaw has been found in TRENDnet TEW-821DAP 1.11B03. The impacted element is the function sub_43F2C4 of the file /goform/tools_nslookup of the component DNS Lookup Handler. This manipulation of the argument nslookup_target/dns_server causes os command inject…
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High 8.8
Trendnet TEW-635BRM IPoA WAN Connection Setup rc ipoa_test command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Trendnet TEW-635BRM up to 1.00.03. This vulnerability affects the function ipoa_test of the file /sbin/rc of the component IPoA WAN Connection Setup. Performing a manipulation of the argument ipoa_ipaddr results in comma…