Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
-
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
-
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
-
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
3,210 results · Feed
-
Critical 10.0
Unauthenticated Command Injection Vulnerabilities in AOS-8
Command injection vulnerabilities exist in the affected interface of AOS-8 that could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to run arbitrary commands on the underlying host if certain preconditions outside of the attacker's control are met. Successful expl…
-
Critical 10.0
TOTOLINK A950RG product.so UploadCustomModule command injection
A flaw has been found in TOTOLINK A950RG 4.1.2cu.5268_B20221104. Affected by this issue is the function UploadCustomModule of the file lib/cste_modules/product.so. Executing a manipulation of the argument FileMd5 can lead to command injection. The attack can …
-
High 8.8
HKUDS Vibe-Trading 0.1.0 before 0.1.7 Indirect Prompt Injection RCE via BashTool and BackgroundRunTool
HKUDS Vibe-Trading from 0.1.0 before 0.1.7 contains an indirect prompt injection vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute shell commands as root by planting instructions in documents or web pages the agent processes. BashTool and BackgroundRunToo…
-
Critical 9.9
aaPanel File Manager common.py ExecShell os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in aaPanel up to 8.25.0. The affected element is the function ExecShell of the file class/public/common.py of the component File Manager. The manipulation of the argument sfile/dfile/access/user leads to os command injection. Th…
-
High 7.5
launch-editor: `fs.existsSync()` existence check can be bypassed on Windows
launch-editor allows users to open files with line numbers in editor from Node.js. Prior to 2.14.2, launch-editor-middleware processes an attacker-controlled Windows file argument where the file argument ends in a parent-directory component plus a line-and-co…
-
High 7.4
DrayTek Vigor2960 IPsec mainfunction.cgi ruequest_certificate command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. This affects the function ruequest_certificate of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component IPsec Handler. Such manipulation of the argument option leads to comma…
-
High 7.4
DrayTek Vigor2960 Rename Table mainfunction.cgi rename_table command injection
A weakness has been identified in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. The impacted element is the function rename_table of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component Rename Table Handler. This manipulation of the argument newtable causes command…
-
Critical 9.9
DrayTek Vigor2960 Upload Endpoint mainfunction.cgi uploadlangs command injection
A vulnerability has been found in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. This affects the function uploadlangs of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component Upload Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to command injection. The attack can be executed r…
-
Critical 9.9
DrayTek Vigor2960 CGI mainfunction.cgi sub_182B0 os command injection
A flaw has been found in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. Affected by this issue is the function sub_182B0 of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component CGI Interface. This manipulation of the argument usefile/usescript/option causes os comma…
-
Critical 9.9
DrayTek Vigor2960 CGI Process mainfunction.cgi set_table command injection
A vulnerability was detected in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. Affected by this vulnerability is the function set_table of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component CGI Process. The manipulation of the argument sectiontype results in comma…
-
Medium 5.3
mcollina mcp-ripgrep Advanced Search Tool index.ts os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in mcollina mcp-ripgrep up to 0.4.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file src/index.ts of the component Advanced Search Tool. The manipulation of the argument fileType results in os command injection. The attack requ…
-
High 8.6
A command injection vulnerability could allow an authenticated attacker to achieve root-level code execution on the sys…
-
Critical 9.3
A vulnerability could allow an attacker to forge a packet to execute arbitrary commands with maximum privileges.
-
Critical 9.9
H3C Magic NX15 usrlist sub_416874 os command injection
A vulnerability was found in H3C Magic NX15 100R017. This issue affects the function sub_416874 of the file /usr/bin/usrlist. Performing a manipulation results in os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made p…
-
High 7.3
orbitale imagemagick-php Command.php font os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in orbitale imagemagick-php up to 3.3.5. Affected by this issue is the function Command::font of the file src/Command.php. The manipulation of the argument fontFile results in os command injection. The attack can be execute…
-
Medium 4.7CVE-2026-112195 Public exploit
FusionPBX Dialplan Editor dialplan.php os command injection
A flaw has been found in FusionPBX up to 5.4.4/5.5.7/5.6.5. The affected element is an unknown function of the file app/dialplans/resources/classes/dialplan.php of the component Dialplan Editor. Executing a manipulation can lead to os command injection. The a…
-
Medium 5.5
JumpServer Template Rendering os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in JumpServer up to 4.10.19. The affected element is an unknown function of the component Template Rendering. The manipulation of the argument IP/HOST leads to os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack …
-
Medium 5.3
alexpasmantier television entry.rs output command injection
A vulnerability was found in alexpasmantier television up to 0.15.9. Affected by this issue is the function Entry::output of the file television/channels/entry.rs. Performing a manipulation of the argument raw results in command injection. The attack requires…
-
High 8.8
WP Photo Album Plus <= 9.3.02.002 - Authenticated (Custom+) Command Injection via 'value' Parameter (crop item) in update-photo AJAX Action
The WP Photo Album Plus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authenticated Command Injection in all versions up to, and including, 9.3.02.002 via the `value` parameter of the `update-photo` AJAX action. This is due to insufficient shell escaping within the `…
-
Low 3.3
CUPS ipp backend status-line injection can update queue PPD and lead to conditional RCE as lp via foomatic-rip
OpenPrinting CUPS is an open source printing system for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. Prior to 2.4.20, the backend/ipp.c quote_string() function preserves carriage-return and line-feed characters in a remote printer-controlled marker-message be…
-
Critical 10.0
Wavlink WL-WN530BE2-A Login Processing api.cgi sub_12580 os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in Wavlink WL-WN530BE2-A up to M30BE2_V250604. The affected element is the function sub_12580 of the file api.cgi of the component Login Processing. The manipulation of the argument REMOTE_ADDR leads to os command injection. It …
-
High 8.8
MoviePilot 3.1.5 Command Injection via ExecuteCommandTool
MoviePilot through 3.1.5 contains a command injection vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands by embedding malicious instructions in untrusted content processed through tools like browse_webpage, search_web, and torrent metadata p…
-
Critical 10.0
D-Link DIR-868L HNAP CGI cgibin system os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in D-Link DIR-868L 2.01b05. This impacts the function system of the file /htdocs/cgibin of the component HNAP CGI Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument SOAPACTION can lead to os command injection. The attack may be l…
-
Medium 6.6
Dell Unisphere for PowerMax vApp, version(s) 9.2.4.x, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in…
-
High 8.8
Microsoft Office OneNote Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Microsoft Office OneNote allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
High 8.8CVE-2026-96951 Exploited
Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows Shell allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.
KEV Oct 13, 2026 -
High 7.8
Windows Update Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows Update allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.8
Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Visual Studio Code allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
Medium 5.3
HBAI-Ltd Toonflow-app Open Folder Endpoint openFolder.ts child_process.exec command injection
A flaw has been found in HBAI-Ltd Toonflow-app up to 1.1.8. The affected element is the function child_process.exec of the file src/routes/setting/fileManagement/openFolder.ts of the component Open Folder Endpoint. Executing a manipulation of the argument pat…
-
Critical 10.0
Wavlink WL-WN592AX6 wmapd system os command injection
A flaw has been found in Wavlink WL-WN592AX6 250422. This issue affects the function system of the component wmapd Daemon. Executing a manipulation can lead to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been published …
-
Critical 9.9
Wavlink WL-WN530BE1-A uploadVpn.cgi popen os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in Wavlink WL-WN530BE1-A 251117. This affects the function popen of the file /cgi-bin/uploadVpn.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument Type leads to os command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The …
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-104585 Public exploit
Mobile Security Framework (MobSF) v4.5.2 is vulnerable to Command Injection in /download_data/, /api/v1/scan, Dynamic A…
-
Critical 10.0
Edimax BR-6208AC formWlanMP command injection
A vulnerability was identified in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /goform/formWlanMP. The manipulation of the argument readE2P leads to command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is public…
-
Critical 10.0
Edimax BR-6208AC formAutoFWupgrade command injection
A vulnerability was determined in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /goform/formAutoFWupgrade. Executing a manipulation of the argument tftpsIP can lead to command injection. The attack may be performed from remote.…
-
High 8.3
Edimax BR-6208AC formAccept command injection
A vulnerability was found in Edimax BR-6208AC 1.32. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /goform/formAccept. Performing a manipulation of the argument submit-url results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. T…
-
Critical 9.9
Linksys E1700 setLinksysIpv6 os command injection
A vulnerability was found in Linksys E1700 1.0.0.4.003. This affects the function setLinksysIpv6 of the file /goform/setLinksysIpv6. The manipulation of the argument _6rd_prefix/_6rd_prefix_len results in os command injection. The attack can be launched remot…
-
Critical 9.9
Linksys E1700 setDMZ os command injection
A weakness has been identified in Linksys E1700 1.0.0.4.003. The affected element is the function setDMZ of the file /goform/setDMZ. Executing a manipulation of the argument MAC_addr can lead to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The e…
-
Critical 9.9
Linksys E1700 Static Route addStaticRoute os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Linksys E1700 1.0.0.4.003. Impacted is the function addStaticRoute of the file /goform/addStaticRoute of the component Static Route Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument staticRoute_IP_setting/staticRoute_Ne…
-
Medium 5.5
agno-agi agno CodingTools coding.py agno.CodingTools.run_shell os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in agno-agi agno up to 3.0.9. Affected by this issue is the function agno.CodingTools.run_shell in the library libs/agno/agno/tools/coding.py of the component CodingTools. This manipulation of the argument command causes os comm…
-
Critical 10.0
TRENDnet TEW-751DR/TEW-752DRU/TEW733GR Web Management Backend pigwidgeon.cgi fwrite os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in TRENDnet TEW-751DR, TEW-752DRU and TEW733GR 1.03B01/1.03B03. Affected is the function fwrite of the file pigwidgeon.cgi of the component Web Management Backend. The manipulation of the argument service results in os command inj…