Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
-
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
-
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
-
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
3,210 results · Feed
-
High 7.2
UGREEN DH2100+ nas_svr create handler_file_backup_create command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in UGREEN DH2100+ up to 5.3.0.251125. This impacts the function handler_file_backup_create of the file /v1/file/backup/create of the component nas_svr. The manipulation of the argument path leads to command injection…
-
Medium 6.3
SGAI Space1 NAS N1211DS gsaiagent JSONAPI NGNIX_UPLOAD command injection
A vulnerability was determined in SGAI Space1 NAS N1211DS up to 1.0.915. Impacted is the function RENAME_FILE/OPERATE_FILE/NGNIX_UPLOAD of the file /cgi-bin/JSONAPI of the component gsaiagent. This manipulation causes command injection. The attack may be init…
-
High 8.8CVE-2025-14108 EPSS 10%
ZSPACE Q2C NAS HTTP POST Request open zfilev2_api.OpenSafe command injection
A weakness has been identified in ZSPACE Q2C NAS up to 1.1.0210050. Affected by this issue is the function zfilev2_api.OpenSafe of the file /v2/file/safe/open of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. This manipulation of the argument safe_dir causes comman…
-
High 8.8CVE-2025-14107 EPSS 12%
ZSPACE Q2C NAS HTTP POST Request status zfilev2_api.SafeStatus command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in ZSPACE Q2C NAS up to 1.1.0210050. Affected by this vulnerability is the function zfilev2_api.SafeStatus of the file /v2/file/safe/status of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument safe_d…
-
High 8.8CVE-2025-14106 EPSS 12%
ZSPACE Q2C NAS HTTP POST Request close zfilev2_api.CloseSafe command injection
A vulnerability was identified in ZSPACE Q2C NAS up to 1.1.0210050. Affected is the function zfilev2_api.CloseSafe of the file /v2/file/safe/close of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument safe_dir leads to command injection…
-
Medium 6.0
nitro-tpm-pcr-compute may allow kernel command line modification by an account operator
## Summary Adding default PCR12 validation to ensure that account operators can not modify kernel command line parameters, potentially bypassing root filesystem integrity validation. Attestable AMIs are based on the systemd Unified Kernel Image (UKI) concept …
-
Medium 4.7CVE-2025-14094 EPSS 20%
Edimax BR-6478AC V3 formSysCmd sub_44CCE4 os command injection
A flaw has been found in Edimax BR-6478AC V3 1.0.15. The affected element is the function sub_44CCE4 of the file /boafrm/formSysCmd. This manipulation of the argument sysCmd causes os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has be…
-
Medium 4.7CVE-2025-14093 EPSS 20%
Edimax BR-6478AC V3 formTracerouteDiagnosticRun sub_416990 os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in Edimax BR-6478AC V3 1.0.15. Impacted is the function sub_416990 of the file /boafrm/formTracerouteDiagnosticRun. The manipulation of the argument host results in os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The ex…
-
Medium 4.7CVE-2025-14092 EPSS 17%
Edimax BR-6478AC V3 formDebugDiagnosticRun sub_416898 os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in Edimax BR-6478AC V3 1.0.15. This issue affects the function sub_416898 of the file /boafrm/formDebugDiagnosticRun. The manipulation of the argument host leads to os command injection. The attack can be initiated r…
-
Medium 5.1
An issue was discovered in Fanvil x210 V2 2.12.20 allowing unauthenticated attackers on the local network to execute ar…
-
Medium 6.3CVE-2025-1910 Public exploit
WatchGuard Mobile VPN with SSL Local Privilege Escalation via Update Package
The WatchGuard Mobile VPN with SSL Client on Windows allows a locally authenticated non-administrative Windows user to escalate their privileges to NT AUTHORITY/SYSTEM on the Windows machine where the VPN Client is installed.
-
Medium 6.4
mcp-server-kubernetes potential security issue in exec_in_pod tool
MCP Server Kubernetes is an MCP Server that can connect to a Kubernetes cluster and manage it. Prior to 2.9.8, there is a security issue exists in the exec_in_pod tool of the mcp-server-kubernetes MCP Server. The tool accepts user-provided commands in both ar…
-
High 8.7
Claude Code Command Validation Bypass Allows Arbitrary Code Execution
Claude Code is an agentic coding tool. Prior to 1.0.93, Due to errors in parsing shell commands related to $IFS and short CLI flags, it was possible to bypass the Claude Code read-only validation and trigger arbitrary code execution. Reliably exploiting this …
-
High 8.8CVE-2025-57201 EPSS 17%
AVTECH SECURITY Corporation DGM1104 FullImg-1015-1004-1006-1003 was discovered to contain an authenticated command inje…
-
High 8.8
AVTECH SECURITY Corporation DGM1104 FullImg-1015-1004-1006-1003 was discovered to contain an authenticated command inje…
-
Medium 6.5
AVTECH SECURITY Corporation DGM1104 FullImg-1015-1004-1006-1003 was discovered to contain an authenticated command inje…
-
High 8.8CVE-2025-57199 Public exploit
AVTECH SECURITY Corporation DGM1104 FullImg-1015-1004-1006-1003 was discovered to contain an authenticated command inje…
-
High 7.4CVE-2025-66399 EPSS 11%
SNMP Command Injection leads to RCE in Cacti
Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Prior to 1.2.29, there is an input-validation flaw in the SNMP device configuration functionality. An authenticated Cacti user can supply crafted SNMP community strings containing control cha…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2025-60854 Public exploit
A vulnerability has been found in D-Link R15 (AX1500) 1.20.01 and below. By manipulating the model name parameter durin…
-
Medium 6.5
FeehiCMS Has a Remote Code Execution via Unrestricted File Upload in Ad Management
FeehiCMS version 2.1.1 has a Remote Code Execution via Unrestricted File Upload in Ad Management. FeehiCMS version 2.1.1 allows authenticated remote attackers to upload files that the server later executes (or stores in an executable location) without suffici…
-
Medium 6.3
ADSLR NBR1005GPEV2 send_order.cgi set_mesh_disconnect command injection
A vulnerability was found in ADSLR NBR1005GPEV2 250814-r037c. This issue affects the function set_mesh_disconnect of the file /send_order.cgi. The manipulation of the argument mac results in command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The…
-
Medium 6.3
ADSLR NBR1005GPEV2 send_order.cgi ap_macfilter_del command injection
A vulnerability has been found in ADSLR NBR1005GPEV2 250814-r037c. This vulnerability affects the function ap_macfilter_del of the file /send_order.cgi. The manipulation of the argument mac leads to command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack rem…
-
Medium 6.3
ADSLR NBR1005GPEV2 send_order.cgi ap_macfilter_add command injection
A flaw has been found in ADSLR NBR1005GPEV2 250814-r037c. This affects the function ap_macfilter_add of the file /send_order.cgi. Executing manipulation of the argument mac can lead to command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit ha…
-
Medium 6.3
ADSLR B-QE2W401 send_order.cgi parameterdel_swifimac command injection
A vulnerability was detected in ADSLR B-QE2W401 250814-r037c. Affected by this issue is the function parameterdel_swifimac of the file /send_order.cgi. Performing manipulation of the argument del_swifimac results in command injection. The attack is possible t…
-
Medium 6.9
willitmerge has a command Injection vulnerability
willitmerge is a command line tool to check if pull requests are mergeable. In versions 0.2.1 and prior, there is a command Injection vulnerability in willitmerge. The vulnerability manifests in this package due to the use of insecure child process execution …
-
High 8.5
iStat Menus 7.10.4 - Local Privilege Escalation
iStats contains an insecure XPC service that allows local, unprivileged users to escalate their privileges to root via command injection.This issue affects iStats: 7.10.4.
-
Medium 6.1
An issue in Blurams Lumi Security Camera (A31C) v23.1227.472.2926 allows local physical attackers to execute arbitrary …
-
High 7.3
D-Link DIR-852 gena.cgi command injection
A vulnerability was identified in D-Link DIR-852 1.00. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /gena.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument service leads to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is publicly availab…
-
High 8.1
Roo Code is Vulnerable to Potential Remote Code Execution via zsh Command Validation Bug
Roo Code is an AI-powered autonomous coding agent that lives in users' editors. Prior to version 3.26.7, Due to an error in validation it was possible for Roo to automatically execute commands that did not match the allow list prefixes. This issue has been pa…
-
High 7.3CVE-2025-13442 EPSS 20%
UTT 进取 750W formPdbUpConfig system command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in UTT 进取 750W up to 3.2.2-191225. Affected by this vulnerability is the function system of the file /goform/formPdbUpConfig. Such manipulation of the argument policyNames leads to command injection. The attack may b…
-
Medium 6.5
Authenticated Command Injection Vulnerability Leading to Arbitrary Remote Command Execution
A vulnerability in the command line interface of affected devices could allow an authenticated remote attacker to conduct a command injection attack. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating sys…
-
Medium 6.5
A command injection vulnerability exists in the MCP Data Science Server's (reading-plus-ai/mcp-server-data-exploration)…
-
Medium 6.5
pnetlab 5.3.11 is vulnerable to Command Injection via the qemu_options parameter.
-
Medium 6.5
A code injection vulnerability exists in baryhuang/mcp-server-aws-resources-python 0.1.0 that allows remote code execut…
-
Medium 6.5
A remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability was discovered in all H3C ERG3/ERG5 series routers and XiaoBei series ro…
-
Medium 6.3
D-Link DWR-M920/DWR-M921/DIR-822K/DIR-825M formDebugDiagnosticRun system command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DWR-M920, DWR-M921, DIR-822K and DIR-825M 1.1.5. Impacted is the function system of the file /boafrm/formDebugDiagnosticRun. The manipulation of the argument host leads to command injection. Remote exploita…
-
Low 3.5
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') in GitLab
GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 17.8 before 18.3.6, 18.4 before 18.4.4, and 18.5 before 18.5.2 that could have allowed an authenticated attacker to leak sensitive information from confidential issues by injecting hidden…
-
High 8.8CVE-2025-63406 Public exploit
An issue in Intermesh BV GroupOffice vulnerable before v.25.0.47 and 6.8.136 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitr…
-
Medium 6.5
An unauthenticated command injection vulnerability exists in the D-Link DIR-878A1 router firmware FW101B04.bin. The vul…
-
Medium 6.5
A command injection vulnerability exists in the TOTOLINK A950RG Router firmware V5.9c.4592_B20191022_ALL within the `sy…