Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
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System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
3,210 results · Feed
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Critical 9.9
Netcore NBR200V2 Tools Ping network_tools system os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. Affected is the function system of the file /usr/bin/network_tools of the component Tools Ping Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument url results in os command injection. T…
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Critical 10.0
Netcore NBR200V2 Web Management network_tools eval os command injection
A vulnerability was identified in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. This impacts the function eval of the file /www/cgi-bin/network_tools of the component Web Management Interface. Such manipulation of the argument QUERY_STRING leads to os command injection…
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Critical 9.9
TOTOLINK N150RT Web Management formWlSiteSurvey system os command injection
A weakness has been identified in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20201030. The affected element is the function system of the file /boafrm/formWlSiteSurvey of the component Web Management Interface. This manipulation of the argument wlanif causes os command injection…
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High 8.8
D-Link DAP-2610 up to 2.06B08r099 contains an authenticated command injection vulnerability within the web interface at…
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Medium 6.3
jhen0409 react-native-debugger Open in Editor window.js openDevTools os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in jhen0409 react-native-debugger up to 0.14.0. The impacted element is the function openDevTools of the file electron/window.js of the component Open in Editor Handler. The manipulation of the argument host results in os c…
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High 8.6
Unauthenticated remote command injection in the Brocade SANnav orchestrator HTTP service
Unauthenticated remote command injection in the Brocade SANnav orchestrator HTTP service permits network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary administrative switch CLI commands and issue container management instructions. This could allow an attacker to al…
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Medium 6.3
Moonshot AI Kimi Code MCP Configuration Loader config-loader.ts os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Moonshot AI Kimi Code up to 0.31.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file agent-core-v2/src/agent/mcp/config-loader.ts of the component MCP Configuration Loader. The manipulation results in os command i…
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High 7.8
NVIDIA NeMo Speech for all platforms contains a vulnerability where malicious input created by an attacker could cause …
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High 7.4
Chengdu Feiyuxing Technology Feiyu Star Router Cookie send_order.cgi command injection
A weakness has been identified in Chengdu Feiyuxing Technology Feiyu Star Router B-MB5E202-210322-r11656. Affected is an unknown function of the file /send_order.cgi?parameter=loginout of the component Cookie Handler. This manipulation of the argument session…
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Medium 6.6
Chengdu Feiyuxing Technology Feiyu Star Router send_order.cgi command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Chengdu Feiyuxing Technology Feiyu Star Router B-MB5E202-210322-r11656. This impacts an unknown function of the file /send_order.cgi?parameter=del_expmac. The manipulation of the argument mac results in command injection…
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Critical 9.9
Netcore NBR200V2 Backup Restore restore.cgi command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file restore.cgi of the component Backup Restore. Performing a manipulation of the argument QUERY_STRING results in command injection.…
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Critical 9.1
Netcore NBR200V2 Firmware Upgrade CGI Endpoint upgrade command injection
A vulnerability was identified in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /www/cgi-bin/upgrade of the component Firmware Upgrade CGI Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument QUERY_STRING leads to command inje…
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Critical 10.0
Netcore NBR200V2 CGI Diagnostic Endpoint network_tools command injection
A vulnerability was determined in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. This affects an unknown part of the file /www/cgi-bin/network_tools of the component CGI Diagnostic Endpoint. This manipulation of the argument param/key/val causes command injection. Remot…
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Critical 9.9
Netcore NBR200V2 LAN IP Configuration network_tools command injection
A vulnerability was found in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /usr/bin/network_tools of the component LAN IP Configuration Handler. The manipulation of the argument ipv4 results in command in…
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Critical 9.9CVE-2026-94095 Public exploit
Netcore NBR200V2 Traceroute Diagnostic Feature network_tools command injection
A vulnerability has been found in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /usr/bin/network_tools of the component Traceroute Diagnostic Feature. The manipulation of the argument url leads to c…
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Medium 6.3
0-Gaurav-0 nexus-mcp nexus_reauth MCP tool browser.ts child_process.exec command injection
A vulnerability was detected in 0-Gaurav-0 nexus-mcp aed0026e7ac1f23dc940e46e9fd3a2da6904f914. Affected by this issue is the function child_process.exec of the file src/auth/browser.ts of the component nexus_reauth MCP tool. The manipulation of the argument u…
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Medium 5.5
aiyiyi121 SxDevOps Command services.py generate_host_task command injection
A vulnerability was found in aiyiyi121 SxDevOps 1.0/1.1. Affected by this issue is the function generate_host_task of the file backend/aiops/services.py of the component Command Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument command results in command inj…
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Medium 4.7
aiyiyi121 SxDevOps TASK_RUN_COMMAND host_tasks.py paramiko.SSHClient.exec_command command injection
A vulnerability has been found in aiyiyi121 SxDevOps 1.0/1.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function paramiko.SSHClient.exec_command of the file backend/ops/host_tasks.py of the component TASK_RUN_COMMAND. Such manipulation of the argument command lea…
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Medium 6.6
aiyiyi121 SxDevOps MCP STDIO Server Management services.py subprocess.Popen command injection
A flaw has been found in aiyiyi121 SxDevOps 1.0/1.1. Affected is the function subprocess.Popen of the file backend/aiops/services.py of the component MCP STDIO Server Management. This manipulation of the argument endpoint_or_command causes command injection. …
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-93958 Public exploit
D-Link R95 DHMAPI ssi system os command injection
A vulnerability was found in D-Link R95 BE9500_1.00.16. This vulnerability affects the function system of the file /bin/ssi of the component DHMAPI. The manipulation of the argument NTPServer results in os command injection. The attack can be executed remotel…
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU formWsc command injection
A weakness has been identified in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. Affected by this issue is the function formWsc of the file /boafrm/formWsc. This manipulation of the argument localPin causes command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The ex…
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Medium 6.3
spatie Scotty Doctor DoctorCommand.php checkRemoteTools os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in spatie Scotty up to 1.4.4. This impacts the function DoctorCommand::checkSshConnectivity/DoctorCommand::checkRemoteTools of the file app/Commands/DoctorCommand.php of the component Doctor Command Handler. This manipulation of…
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High 8.3
marcopiovanello yt-dlp-web-ui generic.go NewGenericDownload command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in marcopiovanello yt-dlp-web-ui up to v4. This issue affects the function NewGenericDownload of the file server/internal/downloaders/generic.go. Such manipulation of the argument params leads to command injection. I…
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High 8.8
NUUO Network Video Recorder 2.0.0 is vulnerable to Command Injection in handle_import_privilege.php.
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High 8.6
Microsoft 365 Copilot Business Chat Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Microsoft 365 Copilot's Business Chat allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
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Critical 9.9
Microsoft 365 Copilot Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in M365 Copilot allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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Medium 6.1
Microsoft Copilot Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Ai command injection in Microsoft Copilot allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
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Critical 9.4
Browsertrix: Arbitrary Command Injection due to Improper Command Sanitization in Git URLs specified as Custom Behaviors
Browsertrix is a high-fidelity, browser-based crawling service for web archiving that can be self-hosted or used through Webrecorder's hosted instance. From 1.15.0 until 1.22.8, Browsertrix improperly sanitizes Git URLs specified as Custom Behaviors, allowing…
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Medium 6.3
Dromara mayfly-go Machine Script Feature machine_script.go RunMachineScript os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in Dromara mayfly-go up to 1.11.5. The impacted element is the function RunMachineScript of the file server/internal/machine/api/machine_script.go of the component Machine Script Feature. The manipulation of the argument params re…
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Critical 9.1
Cisco Identity Services Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in Cisco ISE could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid high-privileged administrative crede…
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Critical 9.9
Cisco Nexus Dashboard Software Security Hardening Release September 2026 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco Nexus Dashboard engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening release that addresses multip…
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Critical 9.1
Ruijie RG-EW3000GX user_list_note admin os command injection
A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-EW3000GX EW_3.0(1)B11P380. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /etc/rg_config/admin of the component user_list_note Module. Performing a manipulation of the argument Name results in os comman…
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Critical 9.1
Ruijie RG-EW3000GX configChange unifyframe-sgi.elf cc_set os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in Ruijie RG-EW3000GX EW_3.0(1)B11P380. Affected by this vulnerability is the function cc_set of the file unifyframe-sgi.elf of the component configChange. Such manipulation of the argument data.url leads to os command injection…
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High 8.1
Security Advisory 0165
On affected platforms running Arista EOS with gRPC Network Security Interface (gNSI) Credentialz configured, a specially crafted request can cause unintended modifications to the target account's properties. This may result in the account being assigned eleva…
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Medium 6.5
Authenticated Command Injection Vulnerability leads to Denial-of-Service in HPE Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways
A command injection vulnerability exists in the web-based management interface of HPE Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. An authenticated remote attacker with limited access privileges could exploit this vulnerability through specially crafted input. Suc…
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Critical 9.1
Authenticated Command Injection Vulnerability Leads to Privilege Escalation in EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways
A command injection vulnerability exists in the command line interface of EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated remote attacker with high privileges to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system l…
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High 8.5
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') in GitLab
GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 12.3 to 19.1.8, 19.2 before 19.2.6, and 19.3 before 19.3.2 under certain conditions could allow an authenticated user to achieve remote code execution by importing a specially crafted Git…
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High 7.4
TOTOLINK X5000R Export Ovpn cstecgi.cgi exportOvpn os command injection
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X5000R 9.1.0cu.2089_B20211224. The impacted element is the function exportOvpn of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi?action=exportOvpn&type=user of the component Export Ovpn Handler. The manipulation of the argument filet…
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High 7.4
D-Link DSL-3782 Diagnostics Diagnostics.asp system command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in D-Link DSL-3782 2016-07-28. This issue affects the function system of the file /cgi-bin/New_GUI/Set/Diagnostics.asp of the component Diagnostics. Performing a manipulation of the argument Addr results in command injectio…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-90847 Public exploit
EFM ipTIME C200E System Setup iux_set.cgi os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in EFM ipTIME C200E 1.094. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file iux_set.cgi of the component System Setup. This manipulation causes os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exp…