Weakness (CWE)
CWE-77: Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
More detail
Many protocols and products have their own custom command language. While OS or shell command strings are frequently discovered and targeted, developers may not realize that these other command languages might also be vulnerable to attacks.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
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System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
Source: MITRE CWE-77
3,210 results · Feed
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High 7.4
Edimax EW-7478APC stainfo command injection
A vulnerability has been found in Edimax EW-7478APC 1.04. Affected by this issue is the function stainfo of the file /goform/stainfo. The manipulation of the argument interface leads to command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The ex…
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High 7.4
Edimax EW-7478APC setWAN command injection
A flaw has been found in Edimax EW-7478APC 1.04. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWAN of the file /goform/setWAN. Executing a manipulation of the argument pppUserName/pptpUserName/L2TPUserName can lead to command injection. The attack may be …
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High 7.4
Edimax EW-7478APC formWlbasic command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in Edimax EW-7478APC 1.04. This impacts the function formWlbasic of the file /goform/formWlbasic. Such manipulation of the argument rootAPmac leads to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The explo…
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High 7.8
Microsoft PowerShell Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Microsoft PowerShell allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 7.2
Baicells EG3661M LuCI Web luci os command injection
A vulnerability was identified in Baicells EG3661M BaiCE_BQ6_2.0.5.3_NA. This impacts an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/luci of the component LuCI Web Interface. Such manipulation of the argument MaxHops/Timeout/Size leads to os command injection. The …
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Critical 9.8
Tenda CH7 ATE Module Kylin HandleCmd command injection
A weakness has been identified in Tenda CH7, CH7G, CH10, CP3, CP3 Pro, CP7, TC3B14C, TC3B15C, TC3T14C and TC3T15C up to 20260625. This impacts the function CAte::HandleCmd of the file Kylin of the component ATE Module. This manipulation causes command injecti…
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Medium 5.4
Notepad++: Install-time PowerShell command injection through installation path
Notepad++ is a free and open-source source code editor. Prior to 8.9.7, the Notepad++ Windows 11 x64 and ARM64 installer passes the attacker-influenced installation directory `$INSTDIR` from PowerEditor/installer/nppSetup.nsi into a PowerShell `-Command` stri…
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High 7.8
Microsoft Office Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Microsoft Office allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
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Medium 6.5
Visual Studio Code Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Visual Studio Code allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
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High 7.2
Azure Monitor Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Azure Monitor Agent allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 8.8CVE-2026-49179 Public exploit
Windows Active Directory Domain Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows Active Directory allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 8.6
Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Netrw Menu Construction
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to 9.2.0840, runtime/plugin/netrwPlugin.vim loads netrw and runtime/pack/dist/opt/netrw/autoload/netrw.vim constructs Bookmarks, History, and Targets menu entries by interpolating attacker-controlled dire…
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High 7.3
Kitty: Command injection into the child shell via chained @kitty-echo + @kitty-ssh DCS escape sequences
Kitty is a cross-platform GPU based terminal. Prior to 0.48.2, the @kitty-echo and @kitty-ssh DCS handlers in kitty/window.py write unauthenticated data to the child shell's stdin, where handle_remote_echo accepts printable shell command characters and handle…
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Critical 9.3
Firecrawl: Arbitrary file read via JSON Schema $ref expansion
Firecrawl turns entire websites into LLM-ready markdown or structured data. Prior to 2.11.32, a critical arbitrary file read vulnerability exists in Firecrawl's extraction functionality due to unsafe schema dereferencing of user-supplied JSON schemas in apps/…
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Critical 9.9
Dokploy: Authenticated OS command injection in backup.restoreBackupWithLogs (databaseName) leading to host RCE
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). Prior to 0.29.13, the backup.restoreBackupWithLogs tRPC subscription passes the databaseName parameter to restore builders in packages/server/src/utils/restore/utils.ts, where PostgreSQL, MariaDB,…
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Critical 9.9
Dokploy: OS Command Injection in registry credential testing and Swarm cluster management → HOST RCE
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). Prior to 0.29.13, Dokploy passes user-controlled values directly into shell commands via unquoted template literal interpolation in the registry credential testing and Docker Swarm cluster managem…
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Critical 9.9
Dokploy: Command injection in writeTraefikConfigRemote via shell interpolation of unescaped YAML in SSH remote execution
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). Prior to 0.29.13, writeTraefikConfigRemote in packages/server/src/utils/traefik/application.ts serializes user-controlled Traefik configuration with yaml.stringify and interpolates the resulting y…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-28672 Public exploit
Apache Ranger: OS Command Injection via Username in UnixUserGroupBuilder
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') vulnerability in Apache Ranger. This issue affects Apache Ranger: from 0.6 through 2.8.
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High 7.3
EFM ipTIME AX8004M CGI Endpoint d.cgi popen os command injection
A vulnerability was determined in EFM ipTIME AX8004M 15.09.0. Impacted is the function popen of the file /cgi/d.cgi of the component CGI Endpoint. This manipulation of the argument fname causes os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The e…
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Critical 9.8
Shenzhen Aitemi M300 Wi-Fi Repeater protocol.csp sprintf command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Shenzhen Aitemi M300 Wi-Fi Repeater r0-ea7890a. Impacted is the function sprintf of the file /protocol.csp?fname=net&opt=smacfilter_conf&function=set&act=add&name=test&enable=1. Performing a manipulation of the argument …
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High 8.8
Tenda CH22 CertListInfo formCertListInfo command injection
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda CH22 1.0.0.1. This vulnerability affects the function formCertListInfo of the file /goform/CertListInfo. This manipulation of the argument Name causes command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit…
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Medium 5.3
NightTrek Ollama-mcp index.ts command injection
A flaw has been found in NightTrek Ollama-mcp up to 80cf2e17cfc144963a475b619093a2d13c13dbc9. This affects an unknown part of the file src/index.ts. This manipulation of the argument name/modelfile/source/destination causes command injection. The attack can o…
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Medium 5.3
NightTrek Supabase-MCP generate_types command injection
A vulnerability was detected in NightTrek Supabase-MCP cc994ab2d2a36b0af6ee7c7f3e6ce8e08cda2170/db03237d92f7dc2f0da0d70a87dba84ebcde5b66. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component generate_types. The manipulation of the argument sc…
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Medium 5.3
NellyW8 MCP4EDA run_openlane/view_waveform command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in NellyW8 MCP4EDA 1.0.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component run_openlane/view_waveform. The manipulation of the argument design_name/vcd_file leads to command injection. Loca…
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Medium 5.3
andreahaku codex_mcp ask MCP Tool codex-process-simple.ts command injection
A vulnerability was found in andreahaku codex_mcp up to 1ff521cc6cc57cfe56ddef946c644b8534771390. The affected element is an unknown function of the file src/codex-process-simple.ts of the component ask MCP Tool. The manipulation of the argument model results…
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Medium 5.3
MauricioMilano coder-api Projects Endpoint projects.ts createProject command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in MauricioMilano coder-api up to 1.1.0. Affected is the function createProject of the file src/core/projects.ts of the component Projects Endpoint. The manipulation leads to command injection. The attack must be car…
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Medium 5.3
andreahaku llm_memory_mcp GitHooksManager.ts auto.capture command injection
A weakness has been identified in andreahaku llm_memory_mcp up to f11dc8bcff3ff8cf943a2945f99ff3b0bdc8a6d0. This impacts the function auto.capture of the file src/autolearn/GitHooksManager.ts of the component llm_memory_mcp. Executing a manipulation of the ar…
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Medium 5.3
adolfosalasgomez3011 slidev-builder-mcp generateAssets Tool generateAssets.ts generateChart command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in adolfosalasgomez3011 slidev-builder-mcp 2.1.0. This affects the function generateChart of the file src/tools/generateAssets.ts of the component generateAssets Tool. Performing a manipulation of the argument outputDir res…
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Medium 5.3
MIMICLab mcp-pdf-vision index.ts load_pdf command injection
A vulnerability was identified in MIMICLab mcp-pdf-vision 1.1.0. The impacted element is the function load_pdf of the file src/index.ts. Such manipulation of the argument pdfPath/sessionId leads to command injection. The attack can only be performed from a lo…
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Medium 6.3
abdullah1854 MCPGateway Claude Usage Range Endpoint claude-usage.ts getUsageByDateRange command injection
A vulnerability was identified in abdullah1854 MCPGateway up to 549f494a9e363f40530149de324b8097de424230. This impacts the function getUsageByDateRange of the file src/services/claude-usage.ts of the component Claude Usage Range Endpoint. The manipulation of …
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Medium 5.5
Kirachon context-engine review-git-diff Endpoint gitUtils.ts execGitCommand command injection
A vulnerability was determined in Kirachon context-engine up to 1.9.0. This affects the function execGitCommand of the file src/mcp/utils/gitUtils.ts of the component review-git-diff Endpoint. Executing a manipulation of the argument args can lead to command …
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High 7.3
INQUIRELAB mcp-bridge-api Servers Endpoint mcp-bridge.js command injection
A vulnerability was found in INQUIRELAB mcp-bridge-api up to b30a82aa1d1d1139e0de846c41c8aadee6e06114. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file mcp-bridge.js of the component Servers Endpoint. Performing a manipulation of the argument command/a…
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Medium 6.3
HKUDS nanobot Shell Allowlist shell.py ExecTool._spawn os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in HKUDS nanobot up to 0.2.1. Impacted is the function ExecTool._guard_command/ExecTool._spawn of the file nanobot/agent/tools/shell.py of the component Shell Allowlist Handler. Such manipulation leads to os command …
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Medium 5.3
NocteDefensor LudusMCP ludus_cli_execute cliWrapper.ts executeCommand command injection
A vulnerability was detected in NocteDefensor LudusMCP up to 1.0.24. This affects the function executeArbitraryCommand/executeCommand of the file src/ludusMCP/cliWrapper.ts of the component ludus_cli_execute. Performing a manipulation of the argument command/…
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Medium 5.3
NocteDefensor LudusMCP get_credential_from_user secretDialog.ts SecretDialog.showSecretDialog command injection
A weakness has been identified in NocteDefensor LudusMCP up to 1.0.24. The affected element is the function SecretDialog.showSecretDialog of the file src/utils/secretDialog.ts of the component get_credential_from_user. This manipulation of the argument Descri…
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Medium 5.3
LeeSinLiang godot-mcp create_scene/add_node index.ts executeOperation command injection
A flaw has been found in LeeSinLiang godot-mcp 0.1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function executeOperation of the file src/index.ts of the component create_scene/add_node. This manipulation of the argument projectPath causes command injection. The …
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Medium 6.3
MissionSquad mcp-api NPM Package Version packages.ts this.packageService.installPackage command injection
A vulnerability has been found in MissionSquad mcp-api up to 1.11.8. The impacted element is the function this.packageService.installPackage of the file src/controllers/packages.ts of the component NPM Package Version Handler. The manipulation leads to comman…
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Medium 5.3
Kino-Kafkaesque ssh-mcp-server SSH index.ts ssh_exec command injection
A vulnerability was detected in Kino-Kafkaesque ssh-mcp-server up to 8ebbbb99b26f80ff6162fe00957c6dec73fbc5a5. Impacted is the function ssh_exec of the file src/index.ts of the component SSH Command Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument host/user…
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High 7.2
Shibby Tomato wanoptions sub_40F88C os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Shibby Tomato 1.28.0000. This affects the function sub_40F88C of the file /tmp/ppp/wanoptions. The manipulation of the argument ppp_custom results in os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit…