Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78: OS Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design
For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
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Implementation
If the program to be executed allows arguments to be specified within an input file or from standard input, then consider using that mode to pass arguments instead of the command line.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Some languages offer multiple functions that can be used to invoke commands. Where possible, identify any function that invokes a command shell using a single string, and replace it with a function that requires individual arguments. These functions typically perform appropriate quoting and filtering of arguments. For example, in C, the system() function accepts a string that contains the entire command to be executed, whereas execl(), execve(), and others require an array of strings, one for each argument. In Windows, CreateProcess() only accepts one command at a time. In Perl, if system() is provided with an array of arguments, then it will quote each of the arguments.
Source: MITRE CWE-78
1,588 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.8
Openfind｜SecuShare Pro - OS Command Injection
The SecuShare Pro developed by Openfind has an OS Command Injection vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can inject arbitrary OS commands and execute them on the server.
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Critical 9.1
Microsoft UFO: Authenticated Android shell command injection in Mobile MCP `press_key`
Microsoft UFO is an open-source framework for intelligent automation across devices and platforms. Prior to 3.0.9, the press_key tool in ufo/client/mcp/http_servers/mobile_mcp_server.py accepts a free-form key_code parameter and passes it to `adb shell input …
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Critical 9.6
OS command injection in Progress Software Autonomous REST Connector GenAI Agents
An OS command injection vulnerability in the shell-based temporary-file cleanup instructions in Progress Software Autonomous REST Connector GenAI Agents ARCGenAI-Generator version 2.0 allows an attacker who supplies a crafted Swagger/OpenAPI document to execu…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-105484 Public exploit
TOTOLINK X6000R UploadFirmwareFile cstecgi.cgi firmware_check os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in TOTOLINK X6000R 9.4.0cu.652_B20230116. The impacted element is the function firmware_check of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component UploadFirmwareFile Handler. Such manipulation of the argument file_name …
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Critical 9.9CVE-2026-105740 Scanner template
Langflow: Authenticated RCE via MCP Stdio transport allows any user to execute arbitrary OS commands on the server
Langflow is a tool for building and deploying AI-powered agents and workflows. Prior to 1.9.0, any authenticated Langflow user can achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server by adding an MCP server with the "Stdio" transport. The user-supplied command …
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Critical 9.9CVE-2026-105697 Public exploit
Langflow: OS command injection (RCE) via arbitrary command in MCP stdio server configuration
Langflow is a tool for building and deploying AI-powered agents and workflows. Before Langflow 1.10.3, the MCP stdio transport launched whatever command / args a user put in an MCP server configuration, with no allowlist and (before 1.10.3) wrapped in bash -c…
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Critical 9.9
Penpot: Authenticated OS Command Injection in Penpot SVG Exporter via Legacy fill-color
Penpot is an open-source design and prototyping platform. Prior to 2.18.0, the SVG exporter places an attacker-controlled text object's fill-color value into a ppmcolormask command string and executes that string through child_process.exec. A user who can edi…
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Critical 10.0
Ahsay AhsayCBS Replication Receiver UpdateReceivers.do os command injection
A flaw has been found in Ahsay AhsayCBS up to 9.15.2.69/10.3.4.44. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /rps/api/json/UpdateReceivers.do of the component Replication Receiver. Executing a manipulation of the argument random can lead to os comma…
KEV Oct 14, 2026 -
Critical 9.4
OS Command Injection in Digi Accelerated Linux (DAL OS)
A specially crafted HTTP POST request to the web administration interface allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary operating system commands with root privileges on the affected device. Disable the web server when not configuring the device.
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Critical 9.0
OS command injection in the Studio Space startup validation script in Amazon SageMaker Distribution when running on Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio
OS command injection in the Studio Space startup validation script in Amazon SageMaker Distribution 2.x before 2.14.12, 3.x before 3.9.12, 4.0.x before 4.0.11, 4.1.x before 4.1.11, 4.2.x before 4.2.8, 4.3.x before 4.3.5, and 4.4.x before 4.4.3, as used by Ama…
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Critical 9.9
Insufficient validation allows arbitrary commands to be executed via the Multilang adminbin.
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Critical 9.1
Fortra BoKS Manager crlserver command injection vulnerability
Fortra BoKS Manager contains a command injection vulnerability in crlserver. An authenticated user authorized to add CRL URLs through BCC, the WSI REST or SOAP API, or the cacrl command-line interface could cause shell command substitution to be processed by …
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Critical 9.9
zosmaai pi-llm-wiki wiki_capture_source MCP tool index.ts os command injection
A flaw has been found in zosmaai pi-llm-wiki up to 0.11.7. Affected is an unknown function of the file mcp/index.ts of the component wiki_capture_source MCP tool. Executing a manipulation of the argument url can lead to os command injection. The attack can be…
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Critical 9.0CVE-2026-103056 Public exploit
AiSOC 7.2.0 before 12.0.0 Command Injection via CrowdStrike RTR
AiSOC versions 7.2.0 before 12.0.0 contain a command injection vulnerability in the actions service that builds CrowdStrike Real Time Response command strings by interpolating unescaped action parameters in crowdstrike_rtr.py and endpoint.py. Authenticated us…
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Critical 9.8
DeepTutor v1.4.0 is vulnerable to command execution in /tutorbot/agent/tools/shell.py:ExecTool.execute.
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Critical 9.2
simple-git: `VISUAL` editor environment variable is omitted from unsafe editor detection
simple-git, an interface for running git commands in any node.js application, enables applications to execute Git operations from JavaScript. Prior to 2.0.1 of the argv-parser package, parseEnv omits VISUAL from GitEnvKeys, so prepareEnv drops the value befor…
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Critical 9.2
simple-git unsafe-operation guard does not block trailer command configuration
simple-git, an interface for running git commands in any node.js application, enables applications to execute Git operations from JavaScript. From 3.15.0 until 4.0.1, the default blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin does not classify trailer.<token>.cmd as unsafe conf…
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Critical 9.1
IBM Guardium Data Protection is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.
IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2 is vulnerable to command injection in the certificate export CLI functionality, allowing a privileged authenticated CLI user to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.
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Critical 10.0
Netcore NAP930 Network Tools CGI network_tools eval os command injection
A vulnerability was found in Netcore NAP930 0.1.241010.141410. This affects the function eval of the file /www/cgi-bin/network_tools of the component Network Tools CGI. The manipulation of the argument sid results in os command injection. The attack may be pe…
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Critical 9.3
WatchGuard AP Command Injection in Internal Management API Allows Command Execution
An OS command injection vulnerability in the WatchGuard AP internal API service allows an attacker with network access to the AP to execute arbitrary shell commands on the underlying operating system.
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Critical 10.0
Netcore NR289-GE CGI set_ntp_server_ip.cgi system os command injection
A vulnerability was detected in Netcore NR289-GE 1.4.5102. This affects the function system of the file /set_ntp_server_ip.cgi of the component CGI Handler. The manipulation of the argument ntp_ip results in os command injection. The attack can be executed re…
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Critical 10.0
Netcore NR289-GE Location Time location_time.cgi system os command injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in Netcore NR289-GE 1.4.5102. The impacted element is the function system of the file /location_time.cgi of the component Location Time Handler. The manipulation of the argument mac leads to os command injection. Rem…
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Critical 10.0
Netcore NR289-GE CGI ap_ip.cgi system os command injection
A vulnerability was identified in Netcore NR289-GE 1.4.5102. This issue affects the function system of the file /ap_ip.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Such manipulation of the argument ip leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. T…
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Critical 9.9
Netcore NBR200V2 Tools Ping network_tools system os command injection
A security flaw has been discovered in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. Affected is the function system of the file /usr/bin/network_tools of the component Tools Ping Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument url results in os command injection. T…
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Critical 10.0
Netcore NBR200V2 Web Management network_tools eval os command injection
A vulnerability was identified in Netcore NBR200V2 1.3.241127.071246. This impacts the function eval of the file /www/cgi-bin/network_tools of the component Web Management Interface. Such manipulation of the argument QUERY_STRING leads to os command injection…
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Critical 9.9
TOTOLINK N150RT Web Management formWlSiteSurvey system os command injection
A weakness has been identified in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20201030. The affected element is the function system of the file /boafrm/formWlSiteSurvey of the component Web Management Interface. This manipulation of the argument wlanif causes os command injection…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2026-100382 Public exploit
Unauthenticated remote code execution through wikitext in ExternalData
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - ExternalData Extension allows OS Command Injection. This issue affects Mediawiki - ExternalData Extension: from * befo…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-13249 Public exploit
Unauthenticated RCE Arbitrary File Upload Honeywell PD45 Industrial Printer version F10.19.010040
An unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability in the web management interface in Honeywell PD45 Industrial Printer version F10.19.010040, allows upload of attacker controlled files without requiring authentication. An attack…
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Critical 9.1
Termix: OS command injection in ACME/Let's Encrypt certificate-request handler via admin-controlled domain/email
Termix is a web-based server management platform with SSH terminal, tunneling, and file editing capabilities. From 2.4.1 until 2.5.1, an authenticated Termix administrator can store attacker-controlled domain and email values through PATCH /users/acme-ssl-set…
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Critical 9.9
Dokploy: Authenticated OS Command Injection in patch.readRepoDirectories (repoPath) leads to RCE as root
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). Prior to 0.29.13, the patch.readRepoDirectories tRPC procedure passes the user-controlled repoPath value from apps/dokploy/server/api/routers/patch.ts into a shell command in packages/server/src/s…
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Critical 9.8
Multiple Vulnerabilities in IBM Concert Software
IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 3.0.0 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker can supply specially crafted input that is incorporated into OS commands, resulting in arbitrary command execution on the underlying system. Successful exploitation allows remote code e…
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Critical 9.4
OS command injection in Plesk allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.
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Critical 9.9
Remote Code Execution vulnerability
ZohoCorp ManageEngine OpManager MSP versions 12.8.709 and below were vulnerable to a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the Notification Profile module.
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Critical 9.8
Softaculous Virtualizor OS Command Injection via Billing Module Handler
Softaculous Virtualizor before 3.2.9 (Patch 9) and 3.0.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in the billing module handler that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands as root by bypassing authentication through specif…
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Critical 9.1
Lantronix Autonomous Out-of-Band Devices OS Command Injection via set script schedule
Lantronix SLC8000 before firmware v9.7.0.3, SLC9000 before firmware v9.7.0.2, EMG8500/EMG7500 before firmware v9.7.0.1, and all firmware versions of SLB882/SLCx-03/SLCx-02 contain a command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with the …
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Critical 9.1
Lantronix Autonomous Out-of-Band Devices OS Command Injection via set nfs download
Lantronix SLC8000 before firmware v9.7.0.3, SLC9000 before firmware v9.7.0.2, EMG8500/EMG7500 before firmware v9.7.0.1, and all firmware versions of SLB882/SLCx-03/SLCx-02 contain a command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with the …
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Critical 9.1
Lantronix Autonomous Out-of-Band Devices CLI Command Injection via set cifs password
Lantronix SLC8000/SLC9000 before firmware v9.7.0.2, EMG8500/EMG7500 before firmware v9.7.0.1, and all firmware versions of SLB882/SLCx-03/SLCx-02 contain a command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with the services permission to exe…
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Critical 9.9
Lantronix Autonomous Out-of-Band Devices CLI Command Injection via mfc eeprom write
Lantronix SLC8000/SLC9000 before firmware v9.7.0.2, EMG8500/EMG7500 before firmware v9.7.0.1, and all firmware versions of SLB882/SLCx-03/SLCx-02 contain a command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands…
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Critical 9.9
Lantronix Autonomous Out-of-Band Devices CLI Command Injection via mfc eeprom read
Lantronix SLC8000/SLC9000 before firmware v9.7.0.2, EMG8500/EMG7500 before firmware v9.7.0.1, and all firmware versions of SLB882/SLCx-03/SLCx-02 contain a command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2026-95675 Public exploit
D-Link DAP-1360 6.14 Unauthenticated RCE via Web Management Interface
D-Link DAP-1360 firmware version 6.14 and earlier contains an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands as root by sending crafted requests to the device's web management interface without v…