Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78: OS Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design
For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
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Implementation
If the program to be executed allows arguments to be specified within an input file or from standard input, then consider using that mode to pass arguments instead of the command line.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Some languages offer multiple functions that can be used to invoke commands. Where possible, identify any function that invokes a command shell using a single string, and replace it with a function that requires individual arguments. These functions typically perform appropriate quoting and filtering of arguments. For example, in C, the system() function accepts a string that contains the entire command to be executed, whereas execl(), execve(), and others require an array of strings, one for each argument. In Windows, CreateProcess() only accepts one command at a time. In Perl, if system() is provided with an array of arguments, then it will quote each of the arguments.
Source: MITRE CWE-78
2,705 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 8.8
VICIdial Authenticated Remote Code Execution
An attacker with authenticated access to VICIdial as an "agent" can execute arbitrary shell commands as the "root" user. This attack can be chained with CVE-2024-8503 to execute arbitrary shell commands starting from an unauthenticated perspective.
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High 8.8
Phoenix Contact: Access files due to improper neutralization of special elements in MGUARD devices
A low privileged remote attacker can read and write files as root due to improper neutralization of special elements in the variable EMAIL_RELAY_PASSWORD in mGuard devices.
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High 8.8
Phoenix Contact: OS command execution through EMAIL_NOTIFICATION.TO in mGuard devices.
A low privileged remote attacker can trigger the execution of arbitrary OS commands as root due to improper neutralization of special elements in the variable EMAIL_NOTIFICATION.TO in mGuard devices.
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High 8.8
Phoenix Contact: OS command execution through PROXY_HTTP_PORT in mGuard devices
A low privileged remote attacker can trigger the execution of arbitrary OS commands as root due to improper neutralization of special elements in the variable PROXY_HTTP_PORT in mGuard devices.
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High 8.8
Phoenix Contact: OS command execution in MGUARD products
An low privileged remote attacker can execute OS commands with root privileges due to improper neutralization of special elements in user data.
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High 8.8CVE-2024-44333 EPSS 12%
D-Link DI-7003GV2 v24.04.18D1, DI-7100G+V2 v24.04.18D1, DI-7100GV2 v24.04.18D1, DI-7200GV2 v24.04.18E1, DI-7300G+V2 v24…
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High 7.3
QTS, QuTS hero
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow local network users to execute commands via unspecified vectors. We have already fixed the vulnerability in t…
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High 8.8
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud, QVR, QES
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to execute commands via a network. QuTScloud, QVR, QES are not affected. We have already fixed the vuln…
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High 7.2
QTS
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect legacy QTS. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute commands via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 4.…
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High 7.4
Video Station
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect Video Station. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated users to execute commands via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: Video Station…
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High 8.8
QTS, QuTS hero
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated users to execute commands via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the followi…
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High 7.4
Nuclei Template Signature Verification Bypass
Nuclei is a vulnerability scanner powered by YAML based templates. Starting in version 3.0.0 and prior to version 3.3.2, a vulnerability in Nuclei's template signature verification system could allow an attacker to bypass the signature check and possibly exec…
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High 8.2
Rust OS Command Injection/Argument Injection vulnerability
Rust is a programming language. The fix for CVE-2024-24576, where `std::process::Command` incorrectly escaped arguments when invoking batch files on Windows, was incomplete. Prior to Rust version 1.81.0, it was possible to bypass the fix when the batch file n…
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High 7.2
A post-authentication command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.38, U…
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High 7.2
A post-authentication command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V5.00 through V5.38, U…
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High 8.1
A command injection vulnerability in the IPSec VPN feature of Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.…
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High 7.2
A post-authentication command injection vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.60 through V5.38 an…
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High 7.5
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A command injection vulnerability in the functions formSysCmd(), formUpgradeCert(), and…
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High 8.8
OS Command Injection via Port Scan Functionality in Roxy-WI
Roxy-WI is a web interface for managing Haproxy, Nginx, Apache and Keepalived servers. An OS Command Injection vulnerability allows any authenticated user on the application to execute arbitrary code on the web application server via port scanning functionali…
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-846W A1 FW100A43 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the wl(0).(0)_…
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-846W A1 FW100A43 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via keys smartqos_…
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-846W A1 FW100A43 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the lan(0)_dhc…
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High 8.8
D-Link DIR-846W A1 FW100A43 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the tomography…
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High 8.0
Magnet Forensics AXIOM Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Magnet Forensics AXIOM Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Magnet Forensics AXIOM. User interaction is required to exploit this vuln…
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High 8.2
Vulnerability in sshrelay in privileged access manager provides full system access.
SSH authenticated user when access the PAM server can execute an OS command to gain the full system access using bash. This issue affects Privileged Access Manager before 3.7.0.1.
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High 8.0
A Command Injection vulnerability exists in the do_upgrade_post function of the httpd binary in Linksys E1500 v1.0.06.0…
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High 8.4
Adobe Commerce | Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') (CWE-78)
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.7-p1, 2.4.6-p6, 2.4.5-p8, 2.4.4-p9 and earlier are affected by an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability that could lead in arbitrary code execution by an admin atta…
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High 8.4
Adobe Commerce | Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') (CWE-78)
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.7-p1, 2.4.6-p6, 2.4.5-p8, 2.4.4-p9 and earlier are affected by an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability that could lead in arbitrary code execution by an admin atta…
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High 7.2
CAYIN Technology CMS - OS Command Injection
The specific CGI of the CAYIN Technology CMS does not properly validate user input, allowing a remote attacker with administrator privileges to inject OS commands into the specific parameter and execute them on the remote server.
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High 7.8
In TOTOLINK X5000r v9.1.0cu.2350_b20230313, the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi contains an OS command injection vulnerabilit…
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High 8.8
In TOTOLINK X5000r v9.1.0cu.2350_b20230313, the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi contains an OS command injection vulnerabilit…
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High 8.8
An OS command injection vulnerability in the ccm_debug component of MIPC Camera firmware prior to v5.4.1.240424171021 a…
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High 8.8
In TOTOLINK X5000r v9.1.0cu.2350_b20230313, the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi contains an OS command injection vulnerabilit…
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High 8.8
In TOTOLINK X5000r v9.1.0cu.2350_b20230313, the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi contains an OS command injection vulnerabilit…
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High 7.3
In TOTOLINK X5000r v9.1.0cu.2350_b20230313, the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi contains an OS command injection vulnerabilit…
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High 8.8
In TOTOLINK X5000r v9.1.0cu.2350_b20230313, the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi contains an OS command injection vulnerabilit…
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High 7.8
In TOTOLINK X5000r v9.1.0cu.2350_b20230313, the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi contains an OS command injection vulnerabilit…
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High 8.3CVE-2024-42370 Public exploit
Litestar repository vulnerable to Environment Variable injection in `docs-preview.yml` workflow
Litestar is an Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface (ASGI) framework. In versions 2.10.0 and prior, Litestar's `docs-preview.yml` workflow is vulnerable to Environment Variable injection which may lead to secret exfiltration and repository manipulation. This…
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High 7.2CVE-2024-33896 Public exploit
Cosy+ devices running a firmware 21.x below 21.2s10 or a firmware 22.x below 22.1s3 are vulnerable to code injection du…
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High 8.1
Soft Serve allows arbitrary code execution by crafting git-lfs requests
Soft Serve is a self-hostable Git server for the command line. Prior to 0.7.5, it is possible for a user who can commit files to a repository hosted by Soft Serve to execute arbitrary code via environment manipulation and Git. The issue is that Soft Serve pas…