Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78: OS Command Injection
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design
For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
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Implementation
If the program to be executed allows arguments to be specified within an input file or from standard input, then consider using that mode to pass arguments instead of the command line.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Some languages offer multiple functions that can be used to invoke commands. Where possible, identify any function that invokes a command shell using a single string, and replace it with a function that requires individual arguments. These functions typically perform appropriate quoting and filtering of arguments. For example, in C, the system() function accepts a string that contains the entire command to be executed, whereas execl(), execve(), and others require an array of strings, one for each argument. In Windows, CreateProcess() only accepts one command at a time. In Perl, if system() is provided with an array of arguments, then it will quote each of the arguments.
Source: MITRE CWE-78
2,705 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.4
Starship vulnerable to shell injection via undocumented, unpredictable shell expansion in custom commands
Starship is a cross-shell prompt. Starting in version 1.0.0 and prior to version 1.20.0, undocumented and unpredictable shell expansion and/or quoting rules make it easily to accidentally cause shell injection when using custom commands with starship in bash.…
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High 7.2
A privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered in XCC that could allow an authenticated XCC user with elevated pri…
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High 7.2
A privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered in an upload processing functionality of XCC that could allow an au…
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High 7.2
A privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered in the SSH captive command shell interface that could allow an auth…
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High 7.2
A privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered in the web interface or SSH captive command shell interface of XCC …
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High 8.8
Softaculous Webuzo Password Reset Command Injection
Softaculous Webuzo contains a command injection in the password reset functionality. A remote, authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to gain code execution on the system.
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High 8.8
Softaculous Webuzo FTP Management Command Injection
Softaculous Webuzo contains a command injection vulnerability in the FTP management functionality. A remote, authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to gain code execution on the system.
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High 8.0
Tenda FH1201 v1.2.0.14 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the mac parameter at ip/goform/W…
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High 7.3
F-logic DataCube3 HTTP POST Request config_time_sync.php os command injection
A vulnerability was found in F-logic DataCube3 1.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /admin/config_time_sync.php of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argume…
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High 8.0
Adtran 834-5 11.1.0.101-202106231430, and fixed as of SmartOS Version 12.6.3.1, devices allow OS Command Injection via …
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High 8.0
TOTOLINK A6000R V1.0.1-B20201211.2000 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the ifname parame…
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High 7.8
ProtonVPN before 3.2.10 on Windows mishandles the drive installer path, which should use this: '"' + ExpandConstant('{a…
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High 7.2
BishopFox Sliver Authenticated Remote Code Execution
Sliver is an open source cross-platform adversary emulation/red team framework, it can be used by organizations of all sizes to perform security testing. Sliver version 1.6.0 (prerelease) is vulnerable to RCE on the teamserver by a low-privileged "operator" u…
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High 7.8
Local privilege escalation due to OS command injection vulnerability. The following products are affected: Acronis True…
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High 7.4
Unsigned code template execution through workflows in projectdiscovery/nuclei
Nuclei is a fast and customizable vulnerability scanner based on simple YAML based DSL. In affected versions it a way to execute code template without -code option and signature has been discovered. Some web applications inherit from Nuclei and allow users to…
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High 7.8
Junos OS Evolved: CLI parameter processing issue allows privilege escalation
An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved commands allows a local, authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate their privileges to 'root' leading to a full compromise of the system. The Junos …
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High 7.8
Junos OS Evolved: CLI parameter processing issue allows privilege escalation
An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved commands allows a local, authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate their privileges to 'root' leading to a full compromise of the system. The Junos …
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High 7.8
Junos OS Evolved: CLI parameter processing issue allows privilege escalation
An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved commands allows a local, authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate their privileges to 'root' leading to a full compromise of the system. The Junos …
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High 7.8
Junos OS Evolved: CLI parameter processing issue allows privilege escalation
An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved commands allows a local, authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate their privileges to 'root' leading to a full compromise of the system. The Junos …
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High 7.8
Junos OS Evolved: CLI parameter processing issue allows privilege escalation
An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved commands allows a local, authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate their privileges to 'root' leading to a full compromise of the system. The Junos …
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High 8.7CVE-2024-3799 EPSS 15%
Shell command injection in Phoniebox
Insecure handling of POST header parameter body included in requests being sent to an instance of the open-source project Phoniebox allows an attacker to create a website, which – when visited by a user – will send malicious requests to multiple hosts on the …
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High 8.7
Insecure handling of GET argument in Phoniebox
Insecure handling of GET header parameter file included in requests being sent to an instance of the open-source project Phoniebox allows an attacker to create a website, which – when visited by a user – will send malicious requests to multiple hosts on the l…
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High 7.2
ifm: Deleting function in Smart PLC allows command injections
A remote attacker with high privileges may use a deleting file function to inject OS commands.
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High 7.2
ifm: Writing file function in Smart PLC allows command injections
A remote attacker with high privileges may use a writing file function to inject OS commands.
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High 7.2
ifm: Reading function in Smart PLC allows command injections
A remote attacker with high privileges may use a reading file function to inject OS commands.
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High 7.2
Three os command injection vulnerabilities exist in the boa formWsc functionality of Realtek rtl819x Jungle SDK v3.4.11…
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High 7.2
Three os command injection vulnerabilities exist in the boa formWsc functionality of Realtek rtl819x Jungle SDK v3.4.11…
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High 7.2
Three os command injection vulnerabilities exist in the boa formWsc functionality of Realtek rtl819x Jungle SDK v3.4.11…
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High 7.6
D-Link DIR-823X firmware - 240126 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the dhcp…
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High 8.1
Deep Lake Kaggle command injection
Command injection when ingesting a remote Kaggle dataset due to a lack of input sanitization in the ingest_kaggle() API
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High 8.8
jc21 NGINX Proxy Manager before 2.11.3 allows backend/internal/certificate.js OS command injection by an authenticated …
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High 8.1CVE-2024-32937 EPSS 27%
An os command injection vulnerability exists in the CWMP SelfDefinedTimeZone functionality of Grandstream GXP2135 1.0.9…
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High 7.2
Red Lion Europe: mbNET.mini vulnerable to OS command injection
A high privileged remote attacker can execute arbitrary system commands via GET requests due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command.
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High 7.2
A vulnerability regarding improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') is…
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High 7.2
A vulnerability regarding improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') is…
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High 8.8
Dell PowerProtect DD, versions prior to 8.0, LTS 7.13.1.0, LTS 7.10.1.30, LTS 7.7.5.40 contain an OS command injection …
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High 8.8
RCE in Cruddiy
The CRUDDIY project is vulnerable to shell command injection via sending a crafted POST request to the application server. The exploitation risk is limited since CRUDDIY is meant to be launched locally. Nevertheless, a user with the project running on their …
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High 8.8
A command injection issue in TOTOLINK A6000R V1.0.1-B20201211.2000 firmware allows a remote attacker to execute arbitra…
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High 7.2
ASUS Download Master - OS Command Injection
The specific function parameter of ASUS Download Master does not properly filter user input. An unauthenticated remote attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary system commands on the device.
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High 7.5
A privilege escalation vulnerability was reported in Lenovo Service Bridge prior to version 5.0.2.17 that could allow o…