Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
761 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.8
The Mikrotik RouterOS web server allows memory corruption in releases before Stable 6.38.5 and Long-term 6.37.5, aka Ch…
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Critical 9.8
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Critical 9.1
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Critical 9.8
The MPTCP module has an out-of-bounds write vulnerability.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause root …
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Critical 9.8
Tenda TX3 US_TX3V1.0br_V16.03.13.11 is vulnerable to stack overflow via compare_parentcontrol_time.
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Critical 9.8CVE-2022-40855 EPSS 14%
Tenda W20E router V15.11.0.6 contains a stack overflow in the function formSetPortMapping with post request 'goform/set…
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Critical 9.8
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Critical 9.8
Tenda W20E router V15.11.0.6 (US_W20EV4.0br_V15.11.0.6(1068_1546_841)_CN_TDC) contains a stack overflow vulnerability i…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda W20E router V15.11.0.6 (US_W20EV4.0br_V15.11.0.6(1068_1546_841)_CN_TDC) contains a stack overflow vulnerability i…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 router contained a stack overflow vulnerability in /goform/fast_setting_wifi_set
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC15 V15.03.05.19 contained a stack overflow via the function fromAddressNat.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC15 router V15.03.05.19 contains a stack overflow via the list parameter at /goform/fast_setting_wifi_set
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC15 router V15.03.05.19 contains a stack overflow vulnerability in the function formSetQosBand->FUN_0007dd20 wit…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC15 and AC18 router V15.03.05.19 contains stack overflow vulnerability in the function fromNatStaticSetting with…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC15 and AC18 routers V15.03.05.19 contain stack overflow vulnerabilities in the function setSmartPowerManagement…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC15 and AC18 routers V15.03.05.19 contain heap overflow vulnerabilities in the function setSchedWifi with the re…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC15 and AC18 routers V15.03.05.19 contain stack overflow vulnerabilities in the function fromDhcpListClient with…
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Critical 9.8
Netgear Nighthawk AC1900 Smart WiFi Dual Band Gigabit Router R7000-V1.0.11.134_10.2.119 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflo…
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Critical 9.8
Netgear N300 wireless router wnr2000v4-V1.0.0.70 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via strcpy in uhttpd.
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Critical 9.8CVE-2022-41220 Public exploit
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Critical 9.8
SWFTools commit 772e55a was discovered to contain a heap-buffer overflow via the function readU8 at /lib/ttf.c.
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Critical 9.8
xhyve commit dfbe09b was discovered to contain a stack buffer overflow via the component pci_vtrnd_notify().
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Critical 9.8
lz4-sys vulnerable to memory corruption via issue in liblz4
lz4-sys up to v1.9.3 bundles a version of liblz4 that is vulnerable to [CVE-2021-3520](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3520). Attackers could craft a payload that triggers an integer overflow upon decompression, causing an out-of-bounds write. The f…
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Critical 9.8
H3C GR-1200W MiniGRW1A0V100R006 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function EditApAdvanceInfo.
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Critical 9.8
H3C GR-1200W MiniGRW1A0V100R006 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function edditactionlist.
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Critical 9.8
Pyramid Solutions EtherNet/IP Adapter Development Kit Out-of-bound Write
Pyramid Solutions' affected products, the Developer and DLL kits for EtherNet/IP Adapter and EtherNet/IP Scanner, are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write, which may allow an unauthorized attacker to send a specially crafted packet that may result in a denial…
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Critical 9.8
RSA implementation bug in AVX512IFMA instructions
The OpenSSL 3.0.4 release introduced a serious bug in the RSA implementation for X86_64 CPUs supporting the AVX512IFMA instructions. This issue makes the RSA implementation with 2048 bit private keys incorrect on such machines and memory corruption will happe…
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Critical 9.8
Heap buffer overflow in libhdfs native library
There is a potential heap buffer overflow in Apache Hadoop libhdfs native code. Opening a file path provided by user without validation may result in a denial of service or arbitrary code execution. Users should upgrade to Apache Hadoop 2.10.2, 3.2.3, 3.3.2 o…
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Critical 9.1
Heap-based Buffer Overflow and Out-of-bounds Write in Sofia-SIP
Sofia-SIP is an open-source Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) User-Agent library. Prior to version 1.13.8, when parsing each line of a sdp message, `rest = record + 2` will access the memory behind `\0` and cause an out-of-bounds write. An attacker can send a…
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Critical 9.8
Potential out-of-bound read/write in PJSIP
PJSIP is a free and open source multimedia communication library written in C. PJSIP versions 2.12 and prior do not parse incoming RTCP feedback RPSI (Reference Picture Selection Indication) packet, but any app that directly uses pjmedia_rtcp_fb_parse_rpsi() …
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Critical 9.8
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.3 and iPadOS 15.3…
KEV Jan 28, 2022 -
Critical 9.8
The calling logic for WhatsApp for Android prior to v2.21.23, WhatsApp Business for Android prior to v2.21.23, WhatsApp…
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Critical 9.8
The screen lock module has a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability ma…
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Critical 9.8
Dnsmasq 2.86 has a heap-based buffer overflow in print_mac (called from log_packet and dhcp_reply). NOTE: the vendor's …
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Critical 9.8
Out-of-bounds Write in actix-web
An issue was discovered in the actix-web crate before 0.7.15 for Rust. It can unsoundly coerce an immutable reference into a mutable reference, leading to memory corruption.
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Critical 9.6
Out-of-bounds Write in bfabiszewski/libmobi
libmobi is vulnerable to Out-of-bounds Write
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Critical 9.8
Stack Based Overflow Vulnerability in NVR Storage Expansion
A stack buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running NVR Storage Expansion. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of NVR…
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Critical 9.8
Stack Based Overflow Vulnerability in NVR Storage Expansion
A stack buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running NVR Storage Expansion. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of NVR…
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Critical 9.8
Stack Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in QUSBCam2
A stack buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running QUSBCam2. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QUSBCam2: QTS 4.…
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Critical 9.8
Out of bounds write in nalgebra
An issue was discovered in the nalgebra crate before 0.27.1 for Rust. It allows out-of-bounds memory access because it does not ensure that the number of elements is equal to the product of the row count and column count.