Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
113 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Low 3.7
MongoDB Atlas SQL ODBC Driver uses ignored SQLBindCol BufferLength as fixed-width row-array stride, causing out-of-bounds writes
A memory-handling flaw in the MongoDB Atlas SQL ODBC Driver can cause values returned for a query to be written outside the bounds of a buffer provided by the calling application. A party able to influence the values a query returns may cause data to be place…
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Low 2.3
Memory corruption vulnerability in QMqttClient impacts Qt MQTT
A memory corruption vulnerability in the QMqttClient class of the Qt MQTT module. Under certain MQTT 5 connection settings between client and server, QMqttClient may corrupt memory, which can cause the application to crash.
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Low 2.3
Asterisk: Asterisk app_sms.c copies externally controlled SMS lengths into fixed in-struct buffers
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, `app_sms.c` copies externally controlled `SMS` lengths into `fixed in-struct buffers`…
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Low 2.3
Asterisk: Possible RED T.140 Generation Accumulation OOB Write
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. In affected deployments, an authenticated attacker may cause a `T.140 RED` out-of-bounds write during `generation accumulation` using carefully crafted packets, potentially allowing rem…
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Low 1.9
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in QTextCodec iconv-based encoding impacts Qt
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the Qt QTextCodec iconv-based encoding of the Qt 5 Compatibility APIs module (Qt Core in Qt 5 and earlier) impacts Qt. Under certain conditions, encoding text with QTextCodec may write outside an internal buffer. This c…
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Low 3.6
Out-of-bounds write in the ADXL345 sensor driver RTIO streaming FIFO read path
The RTIO streaming completion callback adxl345_process_fifo_samples_cb() in drivers/sensor/adi/adxl345/adxl345_stream.c clamps the amount of FIFO data it will report (read_len = MIN(fifo_bytes, buf_avail)) to the space actually returned by rtio_sqe_rx_buf(), …
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Low 3.8
Wasmtime before 24.0.12, 25.0.0 before 36.0.13, 37.0.0 before 46.0.2, and 47.0.0 before 47.0.3 Cross-Engine Type Confusion
Wasmtime before 24.0.12, 25.0.0 before 36.0.13, 37.0.0 before 46.0.2, and 47.0.0 before 47.0.3 contains a type confusion vulnerability because several Store APIs fail to validate that objects belong to the Store's Engine. Embedders mixing objects between Engi…
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Low 2.9
rapidcsv: Integer overflow in iterator arithmetic causes out-of-bounds access
rapidcsv is a C++ CSV parser library. Prior to 8.99, RemoveColumn, InsertColumn, RemoveRow, InsertRow, and GetColumnNames converted size_t indexes to int before adding them to std::vector iterators. On 64-bit systems, in a CSV matrix dimension containing more…
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Low 2.5
Godot Engine through 4.7.2 has a heap out-of-bounds write in the Radiance HDR (.hdr) image decoder (modules/hdr/image_l…
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Low 3.9
Insufficient API bounds checking in phalFelica in NXP NXPNfcRdLib RC663 through 07.14.00_Pub may allow an attacker with…
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Low 2.3
Server DoS via binary items
The Zabbix Server/Proxy has a vulnerability where binary items can crash the Server/Proxy on certain NULL byte input leading to potential loss of availability. This only affects deployments where MySQL/MariaDB database is used as the Zabbix database.
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Low 3.1
Tnef: heap buffer overflow in find_free_number() via numbered-backup suffix generation
A flaw was found in tnef. A heap-based buffer overflow can occur in the find_free_number() function when generating numbered backup suffixes for duplicate filenames. When numbered backups are enabled and file overwriting is disabled, an attacker can supply a …
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Low 2.3
In Vinyl Cache before 9.0,2, workspace buffer overflow vulnerability was found in the .upper() and .lower() string type…
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Low 2.8
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor and Wearable Processor Exynos 1330, 1380, 1480, 1580, 1680, W920, W…
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Low 2.8
An issue was discovered in camera in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400, 1580, and 2500. Sending a …
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Low 2.8
An issue was discovered in camera in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400, 1580, 2500, 2600, and 1680…
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Low 3.5
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1330, 1380, 1480, and 2400. An out-of-bounds memory access v…
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Low 2.3
OpenVPN 2.5.0 through 2.7.6 on Windows using the tap-windows6 driver allows attackers to trigger an out-of-bounds write…
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Low 3.7
Heap overflow via truncated base64 encoding of binary fields in length-limited JSON output
A memory-handling error in the BSON-to-JSON conversion helpers of the MongoDB C Driver can write a small number of bytes past the end of a heap buffer when a binary field is encoded and the output is cut short at a caller-configured length limit. A party who …
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Low 2.0
Incomplete fix for CVE-2025-40843: safe_strcpy is called with PATH_MAX into fullPath+2, writing 2 bytes past the buffer on every CodeChecker log invocation
CVE-2025-40843 https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5xf2-f6ch-6p8r was fixed by replacing unchecked strcpy() with a bounded safe_strcpy() helper. At ldlogger-tool-gcc.c:129 the destination passed to that helper is fullPath + 2, but the size passed down is the …
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Low 2.7
FMTSWriteUseIntelLib: FMTS SMM IHISI Buffer Overflow
SMM IHISI command handler, FMTSWriteUseIntelLib, for FMTS command 0x32, read and write data without checking buffer size and could cause buffer overflow.
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Low 2.4
Out-of-bounds write in nnn
nnn is vulnerable to Out-of-Bound write vulnerability. Due to lack of validation of attacker-controlled length fields deserialized from a session file, a crafted session file can cause nnn to write data beyond the bounds of fixed-size global buffers when load…
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Low 1.8
Out-of-bounds write in the firmware for the Intel(R) Slim Bootloader may allow a denial of service. System software adv…
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Low 2.5
Popt-devel: popt-static: off-by-one in poptstuffargs
A flaw was found in popt, a command-line option parsing library. An off-by-one error in the poptStuffArgs function, when repeatedly called by a host application or through deep alias nesting, can lead to corruption of internal program data. This corruption co…
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Low 3.7
Apache Traffic Server: Multiplexer plugin chunk decoder enables a denial of service
The Apache Traffic Server multiplexer plugin overruns its chunk-decode buffer on upstream input, enabling denial of service. This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 8.0.0 through 8.1.11, from 9.0.0 through 9.2.14, from 10.0.0 through 10.1.3. Users are …
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Low 1.7
Native ARM SHA3 / SHAKE `restoreFullState` fails to detect size_t underflow in a crafted encoded state
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BC-LTS bcprov-lts8on on ARM allows Overflow Buffers. This vulnerability is associated with program files https://github.Com/bcgit/bc-lts-java/blob/main/native_c/arm/sha/shake.C, https://git…
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Low 3.7
Ruby JSON: JSON generator heap buffer overflow when streaming to an IO
Ruby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. Versions 2.9.0 through 2.19.8 are vulnerable to heap buffer overflow when the JSON generator is provided with an oversized streamed object. When streaming to an IO JSON.dump(obj, io) and JSON::State#generate(obj, i…
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Low 2.0
Out-of-bounds write in SetSuitesHashSigAlgo on oversized signature algorithms list
Out-of-bounds write in SetSuitesHashSigAlgo when processing an oversized signature algorithms list, allowing a write past the bounds of the destination buffer.
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Low 1.0
PKCS#7 decode ignores caller output buffer size, writing past buffer bounds
The PKCS#7 decode path ignores the caller-supplied output buffer size (outputSz), allowing decoded content to be written past the bounds of the provided buffer. This affects wolfSSL 5.9.0 and earlier and was fixed in the 5.9.1 release.
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Low 3.3
ImageMagick - Out-of-bounds Access in ConnectedComponentsImage via connected-components Artifact
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-19 contains an out-of-bounds access vulnerability in ConnectedComponentsImage() when processing connected-components artifacts with invalid indices. Attackers can trigger access violations by specifying malformed connected-components …
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Low 2.9
snes9x 1.63 allows an out-of-bounds write and denial of service via a crafted .ups file.
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Low 1.8
Open Seachest/Seachest NVMe show Format Descriptors Vulnerability
Out of bounds write in openSeaChest’s --showSupportedFormats in Seagate’s openSeaChest v25.05.3 on all supported platforms allows for writing 1 extra byte outside of allocated memory which sets a value to 1 via a maliciously crafted NVMe device with a bogus v…
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Low 1.8
Open-Seachest/Seachest show SCSI Defect List Vulnerability
Out of bounds write and reads in openSeaChest’s --showSCSIDefects in Seagate’s openSeaChest v25.05.3 on all supported platforms allows for writing defect information out of bounds for very large defects lists via a very bad drive with lots of defects or a mal…
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Low 2.3
Heap Out-of-Bounds Write in DecodeObjectId() in wolfSSL
Two potential heap out-of-bounds write locations existed in DecodeObjectId() in wolfcrypt/src/asn.c. First, a bounds check only validates one available slot before writing two OID arc values (out[0] and out[1]), enabling a 2-byte out-of-bounds write when outS…
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Low 2.2
Stack buffer overflow in PKCS7 SignedData encoding with custom signed attributes
A stack buffer overflow vulnerability exists in wolfSSL's PKCS7 SignedData encoding functionality. In wc_PKCS7_BuildSignedAttributes(), when adding custom signed attributes, the code passes an incorrect capacity value (esd->signedAttribsCount) to EncodeAttrib…
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Low 2.1
Out-of-bounds array write in Xpdf 4.06 due to missing validation
Out-of-bounds array write in Xpdf 4.06 and earlier, due to incorrect validation of the "N" field in ICCBased color spaces.
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Low 1.3
Qsync Central
A buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect Qsync Central. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to modify memory or crash processes. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version…
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Low 1.9
OOBW in utf_16le_to_utf_8_truncated() in libpcap
On Windows only, if libpcap needs to convert a Windows error message to UTF-8 and the message includes characters that UTF-8 represents using 4 bytes, utf_16le_to_utf_8_truncated() can write data beyond the end of the provided buffer.
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Low 3.7
[BIGSLEEP-434612419] CUPS-Filters has heap-buffer-overflow write in `cfImageLut()`
CUPS is a standards-based, open-source printing system, and `libcupsfilters` contains the code of the filters of the former `cups-filters` package as library functions to be used for the data format conversion tasks needed in Printer Applications. In CUPS-Fil…
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Low 2.3
/etc/timezone can be Arbitrarily Written
/etc/timezone can be Arbitrarily Written.This issue affects BLU-IC2: through 1.19.5; BLU-IC4: through 1.19.5.