Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
761 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.1
FreeModbus LINUXTCP Port Off-by-One Global Buffer Overflow in xMBPortTCPPool()
The LINUXTCP port of FreeModbus contains an off-by-one bounds check in xMBPortTCPPool (demo/LINUXTCP/port/porttcp.c). The check uses a strict greater-than comparison instead of greater-than-or-equal against the 263-byte MB_TCP_BUF_SIZE limit.
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Critical 9.8
nanoMODBUS Server-Side Out-of-Bounds Write in handle_read_file_record()
nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 contains an out-of-bounds write in the Modbus server-side handle_read_file_record function (FC 0x14, Read File Record) in nanomodbus.c. The function validates that the total request size does not exceed 245 bytes and that each sub-r…
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Critical 9.6
FreeRDP before 3.30.0 Heap Overflow via CliprdrStream_Read
FreeRDP before 3.30.0 (<= 3.29.0) contains a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows clipboard client's CliprdrStream_Read function (client/Windows/wf_cliprdr.c). When an OLE paste consumer (e.g. explorer.exe) calls IStream::Read with a fixed-size buffer of…
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Critical 9.3
VMXNET3 out-of-bounds write vulnerability
VMware ESX contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the VMXNET3 virtual network adapter. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine with VMXNET3 virtual network adapter may exploit this issue to execute code on the hos…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in WebGL in Google Chrome on Android prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker to potentiall…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker to potentiall…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the …
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadO…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6 and iPadOS 26…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS…
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Critical 9.8
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS 18.7.10, iOS 26.6 …
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Critical 9.8
bpf: Reject fragmented frames in devmap
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject fragmented frames in devmap Devmap broadcast redirects clone the packet for all but the last destination. For native XDP, that clone path copies only the linear xdp_frame data, wh…
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Critical 9.8
RDMA/siw: bound Read Response placement to the RREAD length
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/siw: bound Read Response placement to the RREAD length In drivers/infiniband/sw/siw/siw_qp_rx.c, siw_proc_rresp() places each inbound Read Response DDP segment at sge->laddr + wqe->proce…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds read and write in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.182 allowed a remote attacker to …
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Critical 9.8
Data::DisjointSet::Shared versions before 0.02 for Perl allow out-of-bounds reads and writes via an unvalidated parent index in dsu_find
Data::DisjointSet::Shared versions before 0.02 for Perl allow out-of-bounds reads and writes via an unvalidated parent index in dsu_find. The attach-time validator dsu_validate_header checks the header scalars and region layout against the file size, but does…
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Critical 10.0
Sandbox escape due to invalid pointer in the Disability Access APIs component
Sandbox escape due to invalid pointer in the Disability Access APIs component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 153 and Thunderbird 153.
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Critical 9.8
Apache Fory: Heap type confusion and out-of-bounds read/write in C++ compatible-mode field-skip paths
Heap type confusion and out-of-bounds read/write in the Apache Fory C++ implementation. When deserializing data in compatible mode, the field-skip paths do not correctly validate the declared field types against the actual data, so input with an inconsistent …
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Critical 9.1
SCTP needs to better-check INIT ACK chunk parameters
The illumos SCTP inbound path performs association lookup for INIT ACK chunks without adequately validating the address parameters carried in the chunk. Since this lookup runs during packet classification (i.e. before SCTP integrity checks or IPsec policy are…
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Critical 9.9
Memory Corruption vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP
SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP allows an authenticated attacker to leverage logical errors in memory management to cause a memory corruption that could lead to unauthorized data access, modification, or system unavailability. This has high impact on co…
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Critical 9.8
DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl have a heap overflow when preparsing SQL statements with an extreme number of placeholders
DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl have a heap overflow when preparsing SQL statements with an extreme number of placeholders. The fix for CVE-2026-10879 did not allocate enough memory to handle approximately 1.2-million placeholders. DBI version 1.650 sets a…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in Tint in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a …
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to potentially pe…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds read and write in Dawn in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to potentially p…
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Critical 9.0
NVIDIA ConnectX and BlueField contain a vulnerability in the command interface where a local user with virtual function…
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Critical 9.0
NVIDIA ConnectX and BlueField contain a vulnerability in the command interface where a local user with virtual function…
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Critical 9.8
UltraVNC repeater HTTP server global buffer overflow via long URI (pre-auth RCE)
UltraVNC repeater through 1.8.2.2 contains a global buffer overflow in its embedded HTTP administration server. The functions wi_senderr() and wi_replyhdr() in repeater/webgui/webutils.c write the caller-supplied HTTP request URI into a fixed 1000-byte global…
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds read and write in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had comprom…
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Critical 9.8
RTKLIB 2.4.3 - Out-of-bounds Write in decode_type1033 via Crafted RTCM3 Message
RTKLIB through 2.4.3 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in decode_type1033 function that fails to clamp length counters to destination buffer size, allowing up to 191-byte overflow into fixed 64-byte descriptor fields. An attacker controlling an NT…
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Critical 9.8
netfilter: conntrack: remove sprintf usage
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: conntrack: remove sprintf usage Replace it with scnprintf, the buffer sizes are expected to be large enough to hold the result, no need for snprintf+overflow check. Increase buffer…
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Critical 9.8
ProxySQL pre-auth heap overflow in MySQL and PostgreSQL first-packet handling
ProxySQL is a proxy for MySQL and its forks, as well as PostgreSQL. Versions 2.0.18 through 3.0.8 have a pre-authentication heap memory corruption vulnerability in the MySQL and PostgreSQL protocol first-read paths. A remote unauthenticated client can declare…
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Critical 9.8
GPU DDK - OOB Write in CalculateNPOTTwiddleSparsePageMap3D
A web page that contains unusual WebGPU content loaded into the GPU GLES render process and can trigger an out-of-bound write in the GPU user-space driver, leading to memory corruption and possible browser/GPU process crash. The software computes a required m…
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Critical 9.3
ESF-IDF: Out-of-Bounds Write in ESP-TEE Secure Service Wrappers
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.4 and 6.0, the esp_tee component exposes secure-service wrappers in esp_secure_services.c and esp_secure_services_iram.c that bridge calls from the user application (i.e.…
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Critical 9.1
FreeSWITCH: Pre-authentication heap buffer overflow in libesl `Content-Length` parsing
FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to version 1.11.1, esl_recv_event() parses Content-Length with atol() …
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Critical 9.8
Out-of-bounds read/write in HTTP WebSocket upgrade via non-null-terminated Sec-WebSocket-Key
A remote, unauthenticated attacker can trigger memory corruption in Zephyr's HTTP server WebSocket upgrade path by sending a crafted Sec-WebSocket-Key header. The HTTP/1 header parser copies the header into a fixed-size buffer using a bounded copy that does n…
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Critical 9.8
DBI versions before 1.648 for Perl have a heap overflow when preparsing SQL statements with more than 9 binders
DBI versions before 1.648 for Perl have a heap overflow when preparsing SQL statements with more than 9 binders. The preparse method expands SQL placeholder characters to numbered binders of the form :pN, but only allocates three characters per binder in the …
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Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker who had compromis…