Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
761 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.1
DVP-12SE11T - Out-of-bound memory write Vulnerability
DVP-12SE11T - Out-of-bound memory write Vulnerability
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Critical 9.8
GNU Barcode 0.99 Buffer Overflow in Code 93 Encoding Mechanism
GNU Barcode 0.99 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in its code 93 encoding process that allows attackers to trigger memory corruption. Attackers can exploit boundary errors during input file processing to potentially execute arbitrary code on the affec…
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Critical 9.3
WatchGuard Firebox iked Out of Bounds Write Vulnerability
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects both the mobile user VPN with IKEv2 and the branch office VPN using IKEv2 when co…
KEV Dec 19, 2025 -
Critical 9.8
Ampere AmpereOne AC03 devices before 3.5.9.3, AmpereOne AC04 devices before 4.4.5.2, and AmpereOne M devices before 5.4…
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Critical 9.8
Ampere AmpereOne AC03 devices before 3.5.9.3, AmpereOne AC04 devices before 4.4.5.2, and AmpereOne M devices before 5.4…
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Critical 9.8
In AudioDecoder::HandleProduceRequest of audio_decoder.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect …
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Critical 9.3
Sony IPELA Network Camera 1.82.01 Remote Stack Buffer Overflow via ftpclient.cgi
Sony IPELA Network Camera 1.82.01 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the ftpclient.cgi endpoint that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by sending a crafted POST request with oversized dat…
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Critical 9.8
Azure Application Gateway Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Stack-based buffer overflow in Azure Application Gateway allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-54957 Public exploit
An issue was discovered in Dolby UDC 4.5 through 4.13. A crash of the DD+ decoder process can occur when a malformed DD…
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Critical 9.8
Out of bounds read/write in a privileged process triggered by WebGL textures
A compromised web process was able to trigger out of bounds reads and writes in a more privileged process using manipulated WebGL textures. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 144, Firefox ESR 115.29, Firefox ESR 140.4, Thunderbird 144, and Thunderbird 14…
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Critical 9.8
Out-of-bounds read & write in RFC 3211 KEK Unwrap
Issue summary: An application trying to decrypt CMS messages encrypted using password based encryption can trigger an out-of-bounds read and write. Impact summary: This out-of-bounds read may trigger a crash which leads to Denial of Service for an application…
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Critical 9.8
NFSD: Protect against send buffer overflow in NFSv2 READ
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSD: Protect against send buffer overflow in NFSv2 READ Since before the git era, NFSD has conserved the number of pages held by each nfsd thread by combining the RPC receive and send buffer…
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Critical 9.3
WatchGuard Firebox iked Out of Bounds Write Vulnerability
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects both the mobile user VPN with IKEv2 and the branch office VPN using IKEv2 when co…
KEV Nov 12, 2025 -
Critical 9.8
In unknown of cd_CnMsgCodecUserApi.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This cou…
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Critical 9.8
spimsimulator spim v9.1.24 and before is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in READ_STRING_SYSCALL.
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Critical 9.3CVE-2010-20115 Public exploit
Vermillion FTP <= 1.31 Daemon PORT Command Memory Corruption
Arcane Software’s Vermillion FTP Daemon (vftpd) versions up to and including 1.31 contains a memory corruption vulnerability triggered by a malformed FTP PORT command. The flaw arises from an out-of-bounds array access during input parsing, allowing an attack…
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Critical 10.0
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS …
KEV Aug 21, 2025 -
Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6. An…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 1…
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Critical 9.3
PVSCSI heap-overflow vulnerability
VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion contain a heap-overflow vulnerability in the PVSCSI (Paravirtualized SCSI) controller that leads to an out of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue…
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Critical 9.3
VMCI integer-underflow vulnerability
VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion contain an integer-underflow in VMCI (Virtual Machine Communication Interface) that leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to exe…
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Critical 9.3
VMXNET3 integer-overflow vulnerability
VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion contain an integer-overflow vulnerability in the VMXNET3 virtual network adapter. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine with VMXNET3 virtual network adapter may exploit this issue to e…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2025-34105 Public exploit
DiskBoss Enterprise Stack-Based Buffer Overflow RCE
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the built-in web interface of DiskBoss Enterprise versions 7.4.28, 7.5.12, and 8.2.14. The vulnerability arises from improper bounds checking on the path component of HTTP GET requests. By sending a specia…
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Critical 9.8
In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local e…
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Critical 9.8
In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local e…
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Critical 9.8
In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local e…
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Critical 9.8
In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local e…
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Critical 9.1
In RRC in Samsung Mobile Processor, Wearable Processor, and Modem Exynos 980, 990, 850, 1080, 2100, 1280, 2200, 1330, 1…
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Critical 9.4
Potential heap-buffer overflow vulnerability in NotepadNext
Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in dail8859 NotepadNext (src/lua/src modules). This vulnerability is associated with program files ldebug.C, lvm.C. This issue affects NotepadNext: through v0.11.
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Critical 9.8
Apache NuttX RTOS: tools/bdf-converter.: tools/bdf-converter: Fix loop termination condition.
Out-of-bounds Write resulting in possible Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability was discovered in tools/bdf-converter font conversion utility that is part of Apache NuttX RTOS repository. This standalone program is optional and neither part of NuttX RTOS n…
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Critical 9.8
Memory corruption in canvas surfaces
Certain canvas operations could have lead to memory corruption. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 139.0.4.
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Critical 9.8
Vulnerability in PCX Image Codec Impacts QNX Software Development Platform
Out-of-bounds write in the PCX image codec in QNX SDP versions 8.0, 7.1 and 7.0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition or execute code in the context of the process using the image codec.
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Critical 9.1
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1380. The lack of a length check leads to out-of-bounds writ…
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Critical 9.1
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1480 and 2400. The lack of a length check leads to out-of-bo…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer overflow in WebService Authentication processing of Small Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers(*) wh…
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Critical 9.8
KL-001-2025-004: Mobile Dynamix PrinterShare Mobile Print Out-of-bounds Write
An Out of Bounds Write occurs when the native library attempts PDF rendering, which can be exploited to achieve memory corruption and potentially arbitrary code execution.
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Critical 9.8
Out-of-bounds access when resolving Promise objects
An attacker was able to perform an out-of-bounds read or write on a JavaScript `Promise` object. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138.0.4, Firefox ESR 128.10.1, Firefox ESR 115.23.1, Thunderbird 128.10.2, and Thunderbird 138.0.2.
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Critical 9.8
In wlan service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote co…
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Critical 9.3
Heap Buffer Overflow via Incomplete Length Check in `Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity`
CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In 1.3.3 and earlier, a heap…
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Critical 9.8
nvme-tcp: fix potential memory corruption in nvme_tcp_recv_pdu()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme-tcp: fix potential memory corruption in nvme_tcp_recv_pdu() nvme_tcp_recv_pdu() doesn't check the validity of the header length. When header digests are enabled, a target might send a pa…