Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
3,640 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.8
[TianfuCup] out-of-bounds access vulnerability when parsing jpeg2000
Acrobat Reader versions 20.005.30539, 23.008.20470 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that …
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High 7.8
ZDI-CAN-22727: Adobe Acrobat Pro DC Annotation Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Acrobat Reader versions 20.005.30539, 23.008.20470 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that …
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High 7.8
Adobe Substance 3D Paint PICT Parsing Access Violation Write Vulnerability
Substance3D - Painter versions 9.1.1 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must …
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High 7.8
Adobe Substance 3D Paint PSD Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Vulnerability
Substance3D - Painter versions 9.1.1 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must …
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High 7.8
Adobe Substance 3D Paint PSD Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Vulnerability
Substance3D - Painter versions 9.1.1 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must …
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High 8.8
Missing bounds check in 9p message handling
The implementation of lib9p's handling of RWALK messages was missing a bounds check needed when unpacking the message contents. The missing check means that the receipt of a specially crafted message will cause lib9p to overwrite unrelated memory. The bug can…
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High 8.8
Bhyve e82545 device emulation out-of-bounds write
The e1000 network adapters permit a variety of modifications to an Ethernet packet when it is being transmitted. These include the insertion of IP and TCP checksums, insertion of an Ethernet VLAN header, and TCP segmentation offload ("TSO"). The e1000 device …
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High 7.0
Out-of-bounds write in the radio driver for Contiki-NG nRF platforms
Contiki-NG is an open-source, cross-platform operating system for Next-Generation IoT devices. An out-of-bounds write exists in the driver for IEEE 802.15.4 radios on nRF platforms in the Contiki-NG operating system. The problem is triggered when parsing radi…
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap (All versions < V2306.0000). The affected application contains a…
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap (All versions < V2401.0000). The affected application contains a…
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap (All versions < V2401.0000). The affected application contains a…
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2201 (All versions), Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2…
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2201 (All versions < V2201.0012), Tecnomatix Plant …
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High 7.8
Xorg-x11-server: reattaching to different master device may lead to out-of-bounds memory access
An out-of-bounds memory access flaw was found in the X.Org server. This issue can be triggered when a device frozen by a sync grab is reattached to a different master device. This issue may lead to an application crash, local privilege escalation (if the serv…
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High 7.8
An issue in the HuginBase::PTools::setDestImage function of Hugin v2022.0.0 allows attackers to cause a heap buffer ove…
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High 7.8CVE-2024-25004 Public exploit
KiTTY versions 0.76.1.13 and before is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow via the username, occurs due to insu…
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High 7.8
An issue in the HuginBase::PanoramaMemento::loadPTScript function of Hugin v2022.0.0 allows attackers to cause a heap b…
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High 8.8
An issue in the imlib_free_image_and_decache function of imlib2 v1.9.1 allows attackers to cause a heap buffer overflow…
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High 7.8CVE-2024-25003 Public exploit
KiTTY versions 0.76.1.13 and before is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow via the hostname, occurs due to insu…
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High 8.8
An issue in the imlib_load_image_with_error_return function of imlib2 v1.9.1 allows attackers to cause a heap buffer ov…
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High 7.8
there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege…
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High 7.5
Espruino 2v20 (commit fcc9ba4) was discovered to contain a Stack Overflow via the jspeFactorFunctionCall at src/jsparse…
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High 8.4
Out-of-bounds Write in padmd_vld_qtbl of libpadm.so prior to SMR Feb-2024 Release 1 allows local attacker to execute ar…
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High 8.4
Out-of-bounds Write in padmd_vld_htbl of libpadm.so prior to SMR Feb-2024 Release 1 allows local attacker to execute ar…
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High 7.8
Mali GPU Kernel Driver allows improper GPU memory processing operations
Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in Arm Ltd Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver, Arm Ltd Valhall GPU Kernel Driver, Arm Ltd Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driver allows a local non-privileged user to make improper GPU memory processing operations. Depending on th…
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High 8.8
In alac decoder, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect error handling. This could lead to remote …
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High 7.8
Vim before 9.0.2142 has a stack-based buffer overflow because did_set_langmap in map.c calls sprintf to write to the er…
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High 7.5CVE-2023-6387 Public exploit
Incorrect buffer parsing in Bluetooth LE sample code may lead to buffer overflow
A potential buffer overflow exists in the Bluetooth LE HCI CPC sample application in the Gecko SDK which may result in a denial of service or remote code execution
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High 7.5
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in HOME SPOT CUBE2 V102 and earlier. Processing a specially crafted co…
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High 7.8
In GNOME GdkPixbuf (aka gdk-pixbuf) through 2.42.10, the ANI (Windows animated cursor) decoder encounters heap memory c…
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High 7.5
Libtiff: tiffrasterscanlinesize64 produce too-big size and could cause oom
An out-of-memory flaw was found in libtiff that could be triggered by passing a crafted tiff file to the TIFFRasterScanlineSize64() API. This flaw allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via a crafted input with a size smaller than 379 KB.
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High 8.3
Shim: rce in http boot support may lead to secure boot bypass
A remote code execution vulnerability was found in Shim. The Shim boot support trusts attacker-controlled values when parsing an HTTP response. This flaw allows an attacker to craft a specific malicious HTTP request, leading to a completely controlled out-of-…
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High 8.8
The WebAudio `OscillatorNode` object was susceptible to a stack buffer overflow. This could have led to a potentially e…
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High 8.8
Multiple memory corruption issues were addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.7.5 and i…
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High 7.8
A heap-buffer-overflow was found in SWFTools v0.9.2, in the function swf5lex at lex.swf5.c:1321. It allows an attacker …
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High 7.8
swftools 0.9.2 was discovered to contain a Stack Buffer Underflow via the function dict_foreach_keyvalue at swftools/li…
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High 7.8
A stack-buffer-underflow vulnerability was found in SWFTools v0.9.2, in the function parseExpression at src/swfc.c:2602.
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High 7.8
swftools 0.9.2 was discovered to contain a stack-buffer-underflow vulnerability via the function parseExpression at swf…
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High 7.3
concat built-in can corrupt memory in vyper
Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine. The `concat` built-in can write over the bounds of the memory buffer that was allocated for it and thus overwrite existing valid data. The root cause is that the `build_IR` for `con…
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High 7.8
Xorg-x11-server: selinux context corruption
A flaw was found in the X.Org server. The cursor code in both Xephyr and Xwayland uses the wrong type of private at creation. It uses the cursor bits type with the cursor as private, and when initiating the cursor, that overwrites the XSELINUX context.