Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,183 results · Feed
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High 7.8
An issue was discovered in Treasure Data Fluent Bit 1.7.1, a wrong variable is used to get the msgpack data resulting i…
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High 8.6
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.6.5…
KEV Apr 10, 2023 -
Critical 9.8
Certain Lexmark devices through 2023-02-19 have an Out-of-bounds Write.
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Critical 9.8
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13, iOS 16…
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High 7.8
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.1. An a…
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High 7.5
In Lua 5.4.3, an erroneous finalizer called during a tail call leads to a heap-based buffer over-read.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR878 1.30B08 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the sub_478360 function. This vulnerability allows …
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR878 1.30B08 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the sub_48d630 function. This vulnerability allows …
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR878 1.30B08 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the sub_498308 function. This vulnerability allows …
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Unscored —
The SMB protocol decoder in tcpdump version 4.99.3 can perform an out-of-bounds write when decoding a crafted network p…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR878 DIR_878_FW120B05 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the sub_495220 function. This vulnerabilit…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR878 DIR_878_FW120B05 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the sub_475FB0 function. This vulnerabilit…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR882 DIR882A1_FW110B02 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the sub_48AC20 function. This vulnerabili…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR878 DIR_878_FW120B05 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the sub_48AF78 function. This vulnerabilit…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the DeltriggerList interface at /goform/…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the EdittriggerList interface at /goform…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sub_4A75C0 function. This v…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the setSchedWifi function. This…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the Delstlist interface at /goform/aspFo…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the get_parentControl_list_Info…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sub_458FBC function. This v…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the EditSTList interface at /goform/aspF…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the formSetFirewallCfg function…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the DelvsList interface at /goform/aspFo…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the saveParentControlInfo funct…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the DelDNSHnList interface at /goform/as…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the EditvsList parameter at /goform/aspF…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sub_46AC38 function. This v…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ipqos_lanip_dellist interface at /go…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the R7WebsSecurityHandler funct…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC10 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sub_45EC1C function. This v…
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Medium 4.9
H3C Magic R100 R100V100R005.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ipqos_lanip_editlist interface at /g…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the formWifiBasicSet function. This…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the form_fast_setting_wifi_set func…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the formSetFirewallCfg function. Th…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the fromDhcpListClient function. Th…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the fromSetWirelessRepeat function.…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the setSchedWifi function. This vul…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the add_white_node function. This v…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC5 US_AC5V1.0RTL_V15.03.06.28 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the check_param_changed function. T…