Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,183 results · Feed
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Medium 6.5
Jensen of Scandinavia Eagle 1200AC V15.03.06.33_en was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid_5g parameter…
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Medium 6.5
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Medium 5.3
The Sub-IoT implementation of the DASH 7 Alliance protocol has a vulnerability that can lead to an out-of-bounds write …
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Critical 9.8
Unauthenticated Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities in the PAPI Protocol
There are stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities that could lead to unauthenticated remote code execution by sending specially crafted packets destined to the PAPI (Aruba Networks access point management protocol) UDP port (8211). Successful exploitation…
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Critical 9.8
Unauthenticated Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities in the PAPI Protocol
There are stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities that could lead to unauthenticated remote code execution by sending specially crafted packets destined to the PAPI (Aruba Networks access point management protocol) UDP port (8211). Successful exploitation…
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High 7.8
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High 7.8
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High 7.5
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High 8.6CVE-2023-23531 Public exploit
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High 8.8
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Critical 9.8
Tenda Router W30E V1.0.1.25(633) is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in function fromRouteStatic via parameters entrys and…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC500 V2.0.1.9(1307) is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in function fromAddressNat via parameters entrys and mitInt…
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High 7.5CVE-2023-25235 EPSS 11%
Tenda AC500 V2.0.1.9(1307) is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in function formOneSsidCfgSet via parameter ssid.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC500 V2.0.1.9(1307) is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in function fromRouteStatic via parameters entrys and mitIn…
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Unscored —
This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.6.1, macOS Big Sur 11.7.1. A re…
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Low 3.3
GnuPG can be made to spin on a relatively small input by (for example) crafting a public key with thousands of signatur…
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Critical 9.8
Pre-auth memory corruption in HPE Serviceguard
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High 8.8
Heap buffer overflow in Video in Google Chrome prior to 110.0.5481.177 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit…
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High 7.8
Adobe Photoshop Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Photoshop version 23.5.3 (and earlier), 24.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a vi…
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High 7.8
Adobe FrameMaker Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
FrameMaker 2020 Update 4 (and earlier), 2022 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a vi…
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High 7.8
Adobe Photoshop Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Photoshop version 23.5.3 (and earlier), 24.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a vi…
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High 7.8
Adobe FrameMaker Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
FrameMaker 2020 Update 4 (and earlier), 2022 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a vi…
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High 7.8
Adobe After Effects Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
After Affects versions 23.1 (and earlier), 22.6.3 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that…
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High 7.8
Adobe Bridge Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Bridge versions 12.0.3 (and earlier) and 13.0.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in …
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High 7.8
Adobe Bridge Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Bridge versions 12.0.3 (and earlier) and 13.0.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in …
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High 7.8
Adobe After Effects Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
After Affects versions 23.1 (and earlier), 22.6.3 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that…
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High 7.8
Adobe Bridge Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Bridge versions 12.0.3 (and earlier) and 13.0.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in …
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Medium 5.3
An issue in Schism Tracker v20200412 fixed in v.20200412 allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the fmt_mt…
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High 7.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in LibRaw linux/unix v0.20.0 allows attacker to escalate privileges via the LibRaw_buffer…
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High 7.8
Stack overflow vulnerability in Aspire E5-475G 's BIOS firmware, in the FpGui module, a second call to GetVariable serv…
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Critical 9.8
Thunderbird versions prior to 91.3.0 are vulnerable to the heap overflow described in CVE-2021-43527 when processing S/…
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Medium 5.5
In s2mpg11_pmic_probe of s2mpg11-regulator.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a heap buffer overflow. Thi…
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Medium 5.5
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Medium 5.5
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Medium 6.5
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High 7.8
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High 7.8
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High 7.8
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High 7.8
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High 7.8
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