Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,186 results · Feed
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. U…
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High 8.2
contiki-ng BLE-L2CAP contains Improper size validation of L2CAP frames
Contiki-NG is an open-source, cross-platform operating system for Next-Generation IoT devices. Versions prior to and including 4.8 are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write that can occur in the BLE-L2CAP module. The Bluetooth Low Energy - Logical Link Control…
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High 7.8
In Mfc_Transceive of phNxpExtns_MifareStd.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. T…
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Medium 5.5
The PowerVR GPU kernel driver maintains an "Information Page" used by its cache subsystem. This page can only be writte…
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High 8.8
TrendNet Wireless AC Easy-Upgrader TEW-820AP v1.0R, firmware version 1.01.B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflo…
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High 8.8
TrendNet Wireless AC Easy-Upgrader TEW-820AP v1.0R, firmware version 1.01.B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflo…
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Medium 5.5
processCropSelections in tools/tiffcrop.c in LibTIFF through 4.5.0 has a heap-based buffer overflow (e.g., "WRITE of si…
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Medium 5.5
In pkgconf through 1.9.3, variable duplication can cause unbounded string expansion due to incorrect checks in libpkgco…
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High 7.8
A stack-based buffer overflow in ParseColors in libXm in Common Desktop Environment 1.6 can be exploited by local low-p…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2022-31901 Public exploit
Buffer overflow in function Notepad_plus::addHotSpot in Notepad++ v8.4.3 and earlier allows attackers to crash the appl…
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Critical 9.0
CVE-2022-41989
Sewio’s Real-Time Location System (RTLS) Studio version 2.0.0 up to and including version 2.6.2 does not validate the length of RTLS report payloads during communication. This allows an attacker to send an exceedingly long payload, resulting in an out-of-boun…
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High 7.8
Adobe Acrobat Reader DC AcroForm Annotation Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 22.003.20282 (and earlier), 22.003.20281 (and earlier) and 20.005.30418 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploita…
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High 7.8
Adobe Acrobat Reader DC Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 22.003.20282 (and earlier), 22.003.20281 (and earlier) and 20.005.30418 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploita…
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Unscored —CVE-2006-20001 Public exploit
Apache HTTP Server: mod_dav out of bounds read, or write of zero byte
A carefully crafted If: request header can cause a memory read, or write of a single zero byte, in a pool (heap) memory location beyond the header value sent. This could cause the process to crash. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server 2.4.54 and earlier.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR 645A1 1.06B01_Beta01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the service= variable in the genacgi_mai…
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High 7.8
Fuji Electric Tellus Lite V-Simulator versions 4.0.12.0 and prior are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write which may al…
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Medium 6.7
NVIDIA DGX A100 contains a vulnerability in SBIOS in the FsRecovery, which may allow a highly privileged local attacker…
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High 7.8
Adobe InDesign Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe InDesign version 18.0 (and earlier), 17.4 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a…
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High 7.8
Adobe InCopy Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe InCopy versions 18.0 (and earlier), 17.4 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a …
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High 7.8
Adobe InCopy Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe InCopy versions 18.0 (and earlier), 17.4 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a …
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High 7.8
Adobe InDesign Font Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe InDesign version 18.0 (and earlier), 17.4 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a…
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Medium 5.3
Upx: heap-buffer-overflow in packtmt::pack()
A heap-based buffer overflow issue was discovered in UPX in PackTmt::pack() in p_tmt.cpp file. The flow allows an attacker to cause a denial of service (abort) via a crafted file.