Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,186 results · Feed
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High 8.4
Memory corruption in i2c buses due to improper input validation while reading address configuration from i2c driver in …
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V14.1.0.6), Teamcenter Visualization V13.2 (All versions <…
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High 8.8
In avdt_msg_asmbl of avdt_msg.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lea…
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High 8.8
In avct_lcb_msg_asmbl of avct_lcb_act.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This c…
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High 7.5
Tenda AX12 v22.03.01.21_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter at /goform/fast_setting_wi…
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High 7.5CVE-2022-45957 EPSS 11%
ZTE ZXHN-H108NS router with firmware version H108NSV1.0.7u_ZRD_GR2_A68 is vulnerable to remote stack buffer overflow.
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Critical 9.1
Out of Bound Write in xrdp
xrdp is an open source project which provides a graphical login to remote machines using Microsoft Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). xrdp < v0.9.21 contain a Out of Bound Write in xrdp_mm_trans_process_drdynvc_channel_open() function. There are no known workarou…
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High 8.1
A vulnerability in the Cisco Discovery Protocol processing feature of Cisco IP Phone 7800 and 8800 Series firmware coul…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/SafeUrlFilter.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the downaction parameter at /goform/CertListIn…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/SetIpBind.
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High 7.5
Tenda W6-S v1.0.0.4(510) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the linkEn parameter at /goform/setAutoPing.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/SafeEmailFilter.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the PPPOEPassword parameter at /goform/QuickIn…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/webExcptypemanFi…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the mit_ssid_index parameter at /goform/AdvSet…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the editNameMit parameter at /goform/editFileN…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/VirtualSer.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the new_account parameter at /goform/editUserN…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/NatStaticSetting.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the cmdinput parameter at /goform/exeCommand.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/P2pListFilter.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the opttype parameter at /goform/IPSECsave.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the entries parameter at /goform/addressNat.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/qossetting.
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High 7.5
Tenda W6-S v1.0.0.4(510) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the wl_radio parameter at /goform/WifiMacFilter…
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/L7Im.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter at /goform/SafeClientFilter.
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High 7.5
Tenda W6-S v1.0.0.4(510) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the wl_radio parameter at /goform/wifiSSIDset.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the Go parameter at /goform/SafeMacFilter.
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High 7.5
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the account parameter at /goform/addUserName.
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High 7.5
Tenda A18 v15.13.07.09 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the security_5g parameter at /goform/WifiBasicSet.
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High 7.8
GE CIMPLICITY Out-of-bounds Write
GE CIMPICITY versions 2022 and prior is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write, which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
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High 8.8
A stack overflow vulnerability exists in TrendNet Wireless AC Easy-Upgrader TEW-820AP (Version v1.0R, firmware version …
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High 7.8
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in CX-Programmer v.9.77 and earlier, which may lead to information disclosure …
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High 7.8
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in CX-Programmer v.9.77 and earlier, which may lead to information dis…
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Medium 5.5
In wlan driver, there is a possible missing bounds check, This could lead to local denial of service in wlan services.
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Medium 5.5
In sensor driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denia…
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Medium 5.5
In camera driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denia…
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High 7.1
Out of bounds write in grappler in Tensorflow
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. The function MakeGrapplerFunctionItem takes arguments that determine the sizes of inputs and outputs. If the inputs given are greater than or equal to the sizes of the outputs, an out-of-bounds memor…