Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,187 results · Feed
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter openvpn_server_ip.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter enable_band_steering.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-882 1.10B02 and 1.20B06 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via webGetVarString.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR878 1.02B04 and 1.02B05 are vulnerable to Buffer Overflow.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8, V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameters: stamode_dns1_pri and stamode_dns1_s…
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in /usr/sbin/httpd via parameter wan_dns1_sec.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-882 1.10B02 and 1.20B06 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameters KEY1 and KEY2.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in /usr/sbin/httpd via parameter enable_band_steering.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via wan_dns1_pri.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter openvpn_push1.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in /usr/sbin/httpd via parameters: starthour, startminute , e…
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in /usr/sbin/httpd via parameter wan_dns1_pri.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameters apmode_dns1_pri and apmode_dns1_sec.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter openvpn_push1.
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Critical 9.8
Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter openvpn_server_ip.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-882 1.10B02 and1.20B06 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via the websRedirect function.
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High 7.8
A memory corruption vulnerability in the Unauthorized Change Prevention service of Trend Micro Apex One and Apex One as…
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High 7.8
An out-of-bounds access vulnerability in the Unauthorized Change Prevention service of Trend Micro Apex One and Apex On…
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Medium 6.8
An stack buffer overflow vulnerability leads to arbitrary code execution issue was discovered in Insyde InsydeH2O with …
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High 7.5
Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function via set_device_name.
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High 7.5
Tenda AC15 V15.03.05.18 is avulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetPPTPServer.
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High 7.5
Tenda AC15 V15.03.05.18 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function fromSetRouteStatic..
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High 7.5
Tenda AC15 V15.03.05.18 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetVirtualSer.
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High 7.5
Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetMacFilterCfg.
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High 7.5
Tenda AC15 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetIpMacBind.
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High 7.8
NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys), where a local u…
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High 7.8
NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for Dxgk…
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High 7.1
FractionalMaxPool and FractionalAVGPool heap out-of-bounds acess in Tensorflow
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. The security vulnerability results in FractionalMax(AVG)Pool with illegal pooling_ratio. Attackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the cont…
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Medium 6.5
LIEF heap buffer overflow in the LIEF::MachO::BinaryParser::parse_dyldinfo_generic_bind
A heap buffer overflow in the LIEF::MachO::BinaryParser::parse_dyldinfo_generic_bind function of LIEF v0.12.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted MachO file.
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Medium 6.7
In (TBD) of (TBD), there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local esca…
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Medium 6.7
In (TBD) mprot_unmap? of (TBD), there is a possible way to corrupt the memory mapping due to improper input validation.…
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Medium 6.7
In (TBD) of (TBD), there is a possible way to corrupt memory due to improper input validation. This could lead to local…
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High 7.3
Memory corruption in video due to configuration weakness. in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivi…
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High 8.2
SMI functions in AhciBusDxe use untrusted inputs leading to corruption of SMRAM. SMI functions in AhciBusDxe use untrus…
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High 8.8
Incorrect pointer checks within the the FwBlockServiceSmm driver can allow arbitrary RAM modifications During review of…
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High 8.2
Initialization function in PnpSmm could lead to SMRAM corruption when using subsequent PNP SMI functions Initialization…
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High 8.2
Manipulation of the input address in PnpSmm function 0x52 could be used by malware to overwrite SMRAM or OS kernel memo…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC1200 Router Model W15Ev2 V15.11.0.10(1576) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the setRemoteWebManag…
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Medium 5.5
A stack overflow in the Catalog::readPageLabelTree2(Object*) function of XPDF v4.04 allows attackers to cause a Denial …